3. Namuaimada village, Ra Province, Viti Levu Source: Vlad Sokhin/World Bank DAMAGE, LOSSES AND NEEDS BY SECTOR 46 Tropical Cyclone Winston, February 20, 2016
FIJI Post-Disaster Needs Assessment 3.1 Productive Sectors 3.1.1 Agriculture Summary For the purpose of this PDNA, the agriculture sector is defined to include the following five subsectors: crops, sugar cane, 45 livestock, fisheries and forests. In total, the five subsectors made up 9.4 percent of the 2014 GDP, including 5.4 percent for crops, 0.8 percent for sugar cane, 1.4 percent for livestock, 0.8 percent for forestry and 1.1 percent for fisheries. Crops and livestock constitute 72 percent of the sector’s contribution to GDP, followed by fisheries (11.7 percent), sugar cane (8.3 percent) and forestry (8 percent). 46 The agriculture sector accounts for 45 percent of total employment in the country, with women comprising about 37 percent of those employed in the sector. 47 A large share of the population is also engaged in informal and subsistence agriculture, which remains a major source of livelihoods across the country. Of the five subsectors, the crops subsector was the most affected by TC Winston (contributing to 40 percent of total damage and loss for the sector), followed by fisheries (38 percent), sugar cane (14 percent), forestry (5 percent) and livestock (3 percent). Permanent crops, such as kava and coconut, were the most impacted by the cyclone, but seasonal vegetables and annual crops, such as cassava and taro, also suffered significant losses. Livestock subsector damage and losses occurred mainly in the Western and Central Divisions, mostly affecting dairy, beef, poultry, pigs and apiculture. In the forestry subsectors, the timber industry was impacted by high winds resulting in damage to infrastructure and trees, mostly in the Western Division. The fisheries sector was also impacted, with the greatest effect on artisanal fisheries and commercial aquaculture. Severe damage to coral reefs is expected, as well as substantial 3% 5% and sustained loss in artisanal fisheries 38% catches for the next decade. The total value of damage and production losses in agriculture amounts to F$542 million. Recovery needs should focus on supplying emergency inputs that will enable farmers to get back on their feet and promote a more resilient agriculture sector to withstand future shocks. Reconstruction needs will focus on the medium- to long-term infrastructural works and building technical capacity to BBB. $250 14% 40% Figure 18: Damage and Losses to Agriculture by Subsector (F$ million) Source: Estimations by Assessment Team. Forestry, $29.3, 5% Livestock, $14.3, 3% Sugar cane, $75.3, 14% Crops, $216.4 40% Fisheries $206.5, 38% $200 F$ million $150 $100 $50 $0 Central Eastern Northern Western Damage Figure 19: Damage and Losses to the Agriculture Sector by Division (F$ million) Source: Estimations by Assessment Team. Losses Total effects 45 Sugar cane has a special status and a dedicated ministry in <strong>Fiji</strong>, which explains why it is considered as a separate subsector in this PDNA, independently from crops. 46 Based on the latest national accounts data (Macro Division- SPO, 2016). The crops and livestock subsectors are divided into the following components: formal non-government agriculture, subsistence agriculture, informal agriculture and general government agriculture. 47 EUS 2010-2011. Tropical Cyclone Winston, February 20, 2016 47