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FIJI Post-Disaster Needs Assessment Fiji’s Eastern Division was the first to be struck, with Koro, Ovalau and Taveuni Islands sustaining severe damage. The cyclone swept across Fiji’s islands, reaching its peak strength shortly before making landfall on the country’s largest island, Viti Levu, which has a population of 600,000. Maximum average wind speeds reached 233km/hour and wind gusts peaked at around 306km/hour, making Winston one of the most powerful cyclones ever recorded in the Southern Hemisphere. 13 Many islands were struck by storm surges, including Koro Island and the southern coast of Fiji’s second-largest island, Vanua Levu, which occurred almost 200m inland. Legend Winston Position Winston Track Hurricane Storm Gale Figure 7: TC Winston Track across Fiji (East to West) Source: Preliminary Fiji Met briefing. Following TC Winston’s passage from Fiji, widespread damage and destruction was reported, and approximately 540,400 people were impacted by the cyclone or approximately 62 percent of the population. 14 The storm brought down the power and communications systems linking the islands, with approximately 80 percent of the nation’s population losing power, including the entire island of Vanua Levu. This hampered initial efforts to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the full scale of the disaster’s impacts. Forty-four fatalities were subsequently confirmed, entire communities were destroyed and approximately 40,000 people required immediate assistance following the cyclone. 15 30,369 houses, 495 schools, and 88 health clinics and medical facilities were damaged or destroyed, and crops were destroyed on a large scale, compromising the livelihoods of almost 60 percent of Fiji’s population. 1.4 Response from the Government and Development Partners A state of natural disaster was declared by the Government of Fiji for the Central, Western, Eastern and Northern Divisions on February 20, 2016. Following the event, the government declared a state of emergency, and has been leading response efforts, which are being coordinated by nine national humanitarian clusters 16 led by government ministries. Humanitarian partners, international and national non-governmental organizations (NGOs), foreign governments, donors and civil society are also supporting the government-led response. The government has implemented a range of social protection programmes to support households, including the provision of additional funds to households via the Poverty Benefit Scheme, the Food Voucher Programme and the Help for Homes initiative, which will provide affected households with vouchers for housing rehabilitation and reconstruction. 13 These preliminary figures are from the Fiji Meteorological Service. 14 Population and Labour Force Estimates 2014. 15 Fiji: Severe Tropical Cyclone Winston Situation Report No. 11 (as of 3 March 2016) (PDF) (Situation Report). ReliefWeb. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. Retrieved 3 March 2016. 16 The national humanitarian clusters are: Communications; Education; Food Security and Livelihoods; Health and Nutrition; Logistics; Public Works and Utilities; Shelter; Safety and Protection; and WASH. 20 Tropical Cyclone Winston, February 20, 2016
FIJI Post-Disaster Needs Assessment Figure 8: Modelled Maximum Wind Speed from TC Winston over Fiji Source: Pacific Catastrophe Risk Assessment and Financing Initiative (PCRAFI) event brief, March 2016. To assess the socioeconomic impact of TC Winston, and assist in mobilizing the resources needed for recovery and reconstruction, the Government of Fiji requested that a Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) be conducted. As part of agreements on post-crisis cooperation, the assessment was supported by the European Union, United Nations (UN) and World Bank, as well as other regional organizations and bilateral partners, including the Asian Development Bank (ADB), and the government of Australia, the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) and the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environmental Programme (SPREP). This PDNA will form the basis of the Disaster Recovery Framework (DRF) to be prepared by the Government of Fiji, which will guide recovery and reconstruction within all sectors affected by TC Winston. 1.5 Post-Disaster Needs Assessment Methodology The PDNA is an approach to analyzing disaster effects and impacts for the purpose of identifying recovery needs, as they are understood from human, sociocultural, economic and environmental perspectives. A unique aspect of the PDNA is that it is led and owned by the government of the affected country with assistance from a multidisciplinary, multiagency team. In this instance, the PDNA team included the World Bank Group, the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR), UN agencies, the ADB, SPC and other relevant stakeholders. The assessment methodology used is based on the PDNA guidelines (GFDRR, 2013), and has three main elements: assessment of disaster effects, assessment of disaster impact, and recovery strategy and needs. Tropical Cyclone Winston, February 20, 2016 21
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Damage to Ovalau Resort Source: Min
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