Seadet-i Ebediyye - Endless Bliss Fifth Fascicle

mutilates the animal by tugging or flogging it, he will (have to) pay
for it. Supposing a porter or a truck does not follow the route
stipulated and thereupon the load perishes, they will have to pay
for it if the route followed is not a generally preferred one or if it
is out of service. Otherwise, he will not pay for it. It is permissible
to perform a renting business by exchanging letters. Not to reply
an offer concerning a renting business means acceptance. If a
person who rents land by saying he will sow wheat sows clover
instead, the owner may increase the rent. If a tailor makes, say, a
pair of trousers instead of, say, a jacket, the owner of the material
will have a choice between accepting the trousers and having the
material paid for. Owner of the property cannot cancel the
agreement before the time agreed on expires, not even when he
finds someone who offers a higher rent. A third person who
purchases property with a tenant in it cannot evict the tenant
before the lease expires. The buyer will have to wait till the date of
expiration or get the purchase cancelled by court of justice. If the
annual rent is stated and the rental period is not mentioned, the
period will be accepted as one year. The period begins by the date
of agreement. Yet the payment begins on the day when the
property is handed over.
Supposing a person who has rented a shop and taken
possession of it does not operate the shop, so that the shop remains
closed for a while, he will have to pay the rent completely. A year’s
lease may be contracted on the basis of an agreed on amount of
monthly payment as well as by agreeing on a total yearly amount.
If the tenant changes his craft or goes bankrupt or moves to
another city and settles there, the lease will become null and void.
If one of the rooms or one of the walls of a house collapses, the
tenant will have a choice between evacuating the house and
retaining the tenancy and living in another room of the house by
paying the rent in full.
Maintenance of a house or other property on lease, such as
reopening of its pipes that have been clogged with time, devolves
on the owner of the house or property. If he does not observe this
responsibility, the tenant may evacuate the house. Yet he cannot
force the owner of the house concerning the maintenance. If the
tenant makes the repairs on his own with the permission of the
owner, he may deduct the expenses (from the rent). He cannot do
so, however, if he has made the repairs at will (without the owner’s
permission). If the thing repaired is something to be used, (e.g. a
dough oven,) the tenant cannot deduct the money spent for its
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