Informe El medio ambiente en Europa: Estado y perspectivas 2020

PART 2
FIGURE 5.1 Change in six major land cover types in the EEA-39 during the period 2000-2018
km 2 /year
1 200
1 000
800
600
400
200
0
-200
-400
-600
-800
% of
EEA-39
(2018)
Change
2000-2018
Artificial surfaces Arable land and Pastures and mosaic Forests and Natural grassland, Wetlands
permanent crops
farmland
transitional
heathland
woodland shrub sclerophylous
vegetation
2.78
2.48
1.82
0.05
0.03
0.04
0.00
-0.07
-0.29
-0.25 -0.20 -0.08
-0.35
-0.21
-0.29
-0.27
4.3
25.1
16.6
34.4
8.5
2.5
16 577 km 2 -7 228 km 2 -7 289 km 2 69 km 2 -467 km 2 -4 335 km 2
-0.22
-0.30
Changes in % of the value in 2000
2000-2006 2006-2012 2012-2018
Note: Open spaces and water bodies are not shown, which is why the percentages do not add up to 100 %.
Source:
EEA.
impacts by decreasing the potential for
carbon storage and sequestration or
increasing surface run-off during flooding
(EC, 2014; Edenhofer et al., 2011).
Population and income growth have
been widely reported to drive land take
(Chapter 1), yet this relationship varies
greatly across and within countries.
In most developed countries, the demand
for urbanised land grows faster than
the population, or grows even without
additional population, for example in
Switzerland, the eastern part of Germany
or the south of France (Colsaet et al.,
2018). In some cases, artificial land
is returned to other land categories
(recultivation). The balance between
taken and recultivated land is net land
take — the concept behind the EU’s ‘no
net land take’ target (Map 5.1).
Calculated from the Corine Land Cover
data set, annual net land take (see
definition in EEA (forthcoming (a)))
in the EU-28 continually decreased
from 922 km²/year in the period
2000-2006 to 440 km²/year in the
period 2012‐2018 (see the interactive
Land take data viewer ( 3 )). During
the period 2000-2018, land take
concentrated around larger urban
agglomerations (Map 5.1), with 80 %
of land taken at the expense of arable
land and permanent crops (50 %) and
of pastures and mosaic farmlands
(almost 30 %). Nevertheless, while
in that period some land was
recultivated in the EU-28, 11 times
( 3 ) https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/dashboards/land-take-and-net-land
118 SOER 2020/Land and soil