Glossary Plant Breeding

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124. Stadler LJ. 1944. Gamete selection in corn breeding. Journal of AmericanSociety of Agronomy 36: 988-989.125. Stadler LJ. 1954. The gene. Science 120: 811-819.126. Stebbins GL, Jr. 1941. Apomixis in the angiosperms. Botany Revolution 7: 507-542.127. Stebbins GL, Jr. 1949. Types of polyploids: Their classification and significance.Advances in Genetics 1: 403-409.128. Strickberger MW. 1996. Genetics, 3rd edn. 2nd Reprint. Prentice-Hall Inc.,Englewood Cliffs, NJ.129. Subbarao GV, Chauhan YS and Johansen C. 2000. Patterns of osmoticadjustment in pigeonpea – its importance as a mechanism of drought resistance.European Journal of Agronomy 12: 239-249.130. Suneson CA. 1949. Survival of four barley varieties in a mixture. AgronomyJournal 41: 459-461.131. Suneson CA. 1956. An evolutionary plant breeding method. Agronomy Journal48: 188-190.132. Suzuki et al. 1986. An introduction to genetic analysis. W H Freeman &Company.133. Tanksley SD and Nelson JC. 1996. Advanced backcross QTL analysis: a methodfor the simultaneous discovery and transfer of valuable QTLs from unadaptedgermplasm into elite breeding lines. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 92: 191–203.134. U N. 1935. Genome analysis in Brassica with special reference to theexperimental formation of B. napus and peculiar mode of fertilization. JapaneseJournal of Botany 7: 389-425.135. Upadhyaya HD and Ortiz R. 2001. A mini core subset for capturing diversity andpromoting utilization of chickpea genetic resources. Theoretical and AppliedGenetics 102: 1292-1298.136. Upadhyaya HD, Bramel PJ, Ortiz R and Singh Sube. 2002. Developing a minicore of peanut for utilization of genetic resources. Crop Science 42: 2150-2156.268
137. Varshney RK, Chen W, Li Y, Bharti AK, Saxena RK, Schlueter JA, et al. 2012.Draft genome sequence of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan), an orphan legume crop ofresource-poor farmers. Nature Biotechnology 30: 83–89.138. Varshney RK, Nayak SN, May GD and Jackson SA. 2009c. Next-generationsequencing technologies and their implications for crop genetics and breeding.Trends in Biotechnology 27: 522–530.139. Varshney RK, Thudi M, May GD and Jakson SA. 2010a. Legume genomics andbreeding. Plant Breeding Reviews 33: 257–304.140. Varshney RK. 2011. Application of next generation sequencing and genotypingtechnologies to develop large scale genomic resources in SAT legume crops. In:K Muralidharan and EA Siddiq (eds), Genomics and Crop Improvement:Relevance and Reservations. Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University,Hyderabad, India. Pp: 1–10.141. Vavilov NI. 1926. Studies on the origin of cultivated plants. Institute of AppliedBotany and Plant Breeding, Leningrad.142. Vose PB and Blixt SG. 1984. Crop Breeding. Pergamon Press Ltd., Oxford(England).143. Wright S. 1949. Population structure in evolution. Proceedings of AmericanPhilosophical Society 93: 471-478.144. Yong Gu, Zhenghong Li, Chaohong Zhou, Saxena KB and Kumar RV. 2002.Field studies on genetic variation for frost injury in pigeonpea. InternationalChickpea and Pigeonpea Newsletter 9: 39-42.269
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PrefacePlant Breeding has passed th
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occurrence of one stress more often
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awns, while together produce long a
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Albinism. A condition of absence or
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Allosomes. Accessory chromosomes th
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deficient in proteins of legumes. C
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wheat, the degree of tolerance to r
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regulation of the fruit-ripening ge
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slowly compared to sexually reprodu
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formed, and (b) the randomness of d
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[(W Aa -W aa )/(W Aa -W AA )+(W Aa
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Biochemical Genetics. A branch of g
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Biotechnology. A technology involvi
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an individual’s true genetic pote
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Bulbosum Technique (Kasha and Kao 1
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Canalised Character. A character wh
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Cell Cycle. The life cycle of the i
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proper environment is present; conv
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Chromomere. A small beadlike struct
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cis-trans Test. A test to determine
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Coarse Cereals. A group of cereals
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Complementation. The production of
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the like. Non-planted borders, vari
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Confounding. A technique of reducin
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the table value at (n -2) degree of
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heterozygotes have lower crossing-o
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However, such male sterile plants m
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recessive) govern their elongation
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Developmental Genetics. A branch of
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Dihaploid. Ahaploid(n=2x) of tetrap
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Disjunction. The separation of daug
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one of the homozygotes, the phenome
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termed primary dormancy. However, i
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facing in breeding for drought tole
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Early Generation Testing. Also call
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Egg Mother Cell. A megasporocyte th
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thermodynamics) states that every t
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Escape (Drought). A mechanism of ps
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through transmission from generatio
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FF 1 . The first generation of a cr
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Fecundity. The reproductive potenti
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genotype is unconditionally superio
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Frequency Independent Selection. Se
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Gametogenesis. The formation of fem
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(q2), that is, selection cost equal
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locus, if the fitness of a genotype
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Genetic Male Sterility. A type of m
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selection pressure results in at le
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breeding programme. Several genes o
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are located in the cytosol. The net
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Growth. The increase in mass of the
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then it takes one generation to equ
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Hermaphroditism. A condition concer
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Heterosis (Shull 1908). A phenomeno
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Holliday Junctions. The structures
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horizontal resistance. Owing to rac
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as productive as the F 1 itself. Th
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IJI-Line. Inbred line.I 1 , I 2 , I
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probability that the two alleles at
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Indeterminate. Descriptive of an in
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Integrated Plant Nutrition. A syste
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or selling a protected matter or pr
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Javanica Rice. An intermediate (bet
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turns of the cycle to metabolise th
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Law of Segregation. The first law o
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Line. A group of individuals/plants
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Lodging resistance may be directly
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makes mechanical emasculation unnec
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might save several hectares, and fe
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Mechanical Errors. Errors occurring
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Metacentric Chromosome. A chromosom
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frequency, if there is no differenc
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Modified Single Cross. The progeny
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Monophyletic Evolution. Evolution o
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called it synthetic horizontal resi
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barriers of several resistance to t
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Mutein. A protein with one or more
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evolutionary genetics into descent
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Non-Mendelian Ratio. An unusual rat
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Nucellus. A parenchymatous tissue t
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Nutritional Value. The value of a f
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always proceeds in the opposite dir
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Outbreeding. Mating between relativ
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an inversion heterozygote for cross
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Passive Resistance. The resistance
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Pedigree Breeding. A system of bree
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used to compensate for defects by c
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provide conditions to facilitate fl
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Pleiotropic Mutation. A mutation th
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pairing only between homologous chr
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Positive Control. Regulation mediat
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and the phrase rate of production h
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when either the host or the pathoge
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Punnett Square. A grid used as a gr
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192
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phenotype. However, multiple alleli
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R Plasmid. A plasmid containing one
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generations, respectively. Which on
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Realised Heritability. The ratio of
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tester are propagated from the self
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Renaturation. The return to the nat
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Resistance Mosaics. A strategy of r
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deals with and changes in the DNA u
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S. Svedberg unit; a unit of sedimen
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Second Site Mutation. The second mu
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Selection Pressure. The intensity o
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or - (in case of physiological diff
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Page 228 and 229: Speciation. The formation of a new
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Page 232 and 233: Staminate flower. A flower bearing
Page 234 and 235: Structural Gene. A gene encoding am
Page 236 and 237: evolutionary terms, it is possible
Page 238 and 239: Tagging. TheuseofapieceofforeignDNA
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Page 242 and 243: Tetrad. A group of four. It may be
Page 244 and 245: antibiosis in its mechanism. The la
Page 246 and 247: Transcription. The synthesis of a R
Page 248 and 249: Transposon. A segment of genetic ma
Page 250 and 251: and ruggedness of rye. The hexaploi
Page 252 and 253: Two Stage Testing (Hanson and Brim
Page 254 and 255: Unineme Theory. A theory that state
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Page 258 and 259: reproduction or by mutation. If gen
Page 260 and 261: Vitality Mutation. Any mutation the
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Page 264 and 265: Zygote. A fertilized egg cell; a ce
Page 266 and 267: 17. Bruce AB. 1910. The Mendelian t
Page 268 and 269: 41. East EM. 1936. Genetic aspects
Page 270 and 271: 68. Hayman BI and Mather K. 1953. T
Page 272 and 273: 97. Peleman JD and Voort JRVD. 2003
Page 277: Buy your books fast and straightfor
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Glossary Plant Breeding

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