Glossary Plant Breeding

Complementation. The production of a wild-type phenotype when two different
mutations are combined in a diploid or a heterokaryon.
Complementation Test. See cis-trans test.
Complex Loci. A cluster of two or more closely linked and functionally related genes
constituting a pseudoallelic series. It may contain one operon.
Complex Trait. A trait whose inheritance can be explained by the interaction of several
genesplustheenvironment.
Complon. A complementation unit.
Conjugated Proteins. Proteins that are attached to a non-protein moiety, called
prosthetic group. To such a group belong the glycoproteins, lipoproteins,
hemoglobins, etc.
Contingency Test. A statistical test for independence of the results of a given experiment
observed under different experimental conditions. For example, if one has advanced
thesameF 1 and grown the F 2 in two environments, this test facilitates in deciding
whether there is an interaction between the results of a cross and its experimental
conditions by calculating contingency chi-square.
Continuous Variation. Variation showing an unbroken range of phenotypic values.
Controlled Environment Agriculture. Also called Protected Agriculture; a high-level
technology to gain the maximum while maintaining quality of environment through
manipulation of genetic potential of crops to the maximum under controlled
conditions.
Controlling Element. A mobile genetic element capable of producing an unstable
mutation through insertion in a target gene. Two types exist: the regulator and the
receptor elements.
Cosegregation. Parallel inheritance of two genes due to their close linkage on a
chromosome.
Cosmid. A cloning vector that can replicate autonomously like a plasmid and can be
packed into a phage.
Co 205. The first successful interspecific hybrid of sugar cane released as a cultivar in
India. It was developed by crossing a clone - Vellai - of S. officinarum with the wild
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