Compendium of Potato Diseases - (PDF, 101 mb) - USAID

will become more scarce. Consequently, potatoes will he grown
more frequently on the best potato land, and because
monoculture encourages nematode population increase,
nematode damage to potatoes will increase dramatically.
Confining nematode populations to areas where they already
exist by restricting movement of infected seed tubers and plants
may be the most effective way of preventing loss of productive
land. Care in purchase of seed and prevention of shipment of
infected seed into nematode-free areas cannot be over
emphazied.
in southern Europe, Newfoundland, British Columbia. Greece,
Israel, Tunisia. South Africa. Nes% Zealand, and.lapan. Reports
from Asia are incomplete.
Both G. rostochiensis aad G.pallida occur in South America
and Europe. Only G.pallida has been identified in Colombia,
Ecuador, and in most of Peru. In southern Peru. Boliva, and
Argentina, G.pallida and G. rosto/hiensis occur together, and
in Chile. Vereiuela. Central America, and Mexico, only G.
rostochitensis has been found. Both species occur in the central
and western European countries. In the south and east of
Selected Reference
Europe, only G. rostochiensis isfound. In the United Kingdom,
certain potato-growing areas have predominantly either G.
WINSLOW, R. ).. and R. .1.WI ILIS. 1972. Nematode diseases of
potatoes. Pages 17-48 in:.I. M. Webster, ed. Economic Nematology.
Academic Press. London and New York. 563 pp.
rostochiensis or G. pali/a. Only G. rostochtiensi occurs in the
United States. In many countries and areas of countries, species
determinations have not been made.
Symptoms
Cyst nematodes do not cause specific abo'eground symptoms
Potato Cyst Nematodes of diagnostic value, but root injury causes infected plants to
seem to be under stress from water or mineral deficiency.
Cyst nematodes, Glohodera(Heterodera)spp..also known as Foliage is pale, and severe wilting occurs under drought. Large
golden nematodes or potato root eelworms. are present in most nematode populations cause stunting, early senescence, and
countries of northern and central Europe and to a lesser extent often proliferation of lateral roots. At flowering, minute
TABLE II. Nematode Pests of the Cultivated Potato
Distribution '
Scientific
Transmission by
and Common Names H C S T Tubers'
Behmolaimus logicaudatoA (sting nematode)
Ditt'h'ncltus t'.lirti'ior I potato-rot nematode)
Ditylnchut.% /il,.a(i (stem and bulb nematode)
Ieh'uictrh'onch spp. (spiral nemalodes)
hi)hodera spp. Iround cyst nematodes)
t
h
c
c
s
s
t
T
t
t
­
+
+
+
(i1 pal/ida potato cyst nematode Iwhite immature females)
G.ro. ochien.is potato cyst nematode (golden immature females)
Ihexat'llu vign.v
L.ongidorms maimu.s (needle nematode)
.feloidogne spp. (root-knot nematodes)
C
C
T'
T'
t
t_
+
+
+
M. acrotea
M. africtana
M. arenaria
,t. hala
A. incognita
M. javanua
.M1.thamle.ii
Mehm)in a sp.
Vacohhus aerran.s (false root-knot nematode)
Veot.t''letttu.%ahulho.s
Paralt/h,tchu.%spp. (pin nematodes)
Pratvh'ntchus spp. (root-lesion nematodes)
h
h
H
H
h
h
c
C
c
c
C
c
s
s
S
S
s
s
t
t
T
T
T
T
t
t
T
t
t
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-+
P. anmditu.%
P.brachi'trit
P. crenal.s
P. coffeae
P. ifltt.
. pemtrans
. praten.ti.%
P. scrihneri
P. thornei
Rot/lenchulus spp. (reniform nematodes)
Roo'lenchus spp. (spiral nematodes)
Trichodorusspp.. Paratrichodorus spp. (stubby toot nematodes)
h
h
I
h
h
C
C
C
c
c
e
c
c
s
s
S
s
S
s
s
t
t
t
t
T
t
t
t
t
t
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
T. allius
P. christiei
P. pachyiermus
T. primtiivus
P. teres
c
c
c
t
d
t
td
d
t
td
-
-
­
_
T'enc'horhntchus spp. (stunt nematodes)
T. cla tioni
T. duhius
Xiphinena spp. (dagger nematodes)
h
h
c
c
c
s
s
s
t
t
d
t
-
­
-
H = hot tropical. C = cool tropical. S = subtropical. T = temperate zone. When capitalized, as shown. thejudged relative importance is greater than
when small letters are used. All attack potato and additional members of the Solanaceac as well as plants outside the Solanaceae.
'None are known to be transmitted by true botanical seed.
'Limited to the Solanaceae.
'Plant virus vectors.
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