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The Benetton Group Annual Report 1996

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Reserve for employee termination indemnities<br />

This reserve represents the liability of Italian companies within the <strong>Group</strong> for indemnities payable upon<br />

termination of employment, accrued in accordance with labor laws and labor agreements in force.<br />

This liability is subject to annual revaluation using officially-established indices.<br />

Transactions in foreign currencies<br />

Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded using the exchange rates in effect at the transaction<br />

dates. Exchange gains or losses realized during the year are included in the consolidated statement of<br />

income. Foreign currency receivables and payables not hedged are reviewed using year-end<br />

exchange rates. A resulting net loss is credited to the exchange fluctuation reserve, which is classified<br />

among reserves for risks and charges-other, and debited to other financial expense in the consolidated<br />

statement of income. No adjustment is recorded for resulting net gains. Hedged receivables are not<br />

restated if no further exchange gains or losses would arise on collection.<br />

Income and expense relating to forward exchange contracts that hedge identifiable foreign currency<br />

assets, liabilities or contractual obligations are reflected in the consolidated statement of income upon<br />

expiration.<br />

Income relating to forward exchange contracts that were subsequently renegotiated are recorded in<br />

the consolidated statement of income in the year in which the renegotiation occured (Note 11).<br />

<strong>The</strong> value of forward contracts not hedging identifiable foreign currency assets, liabilities or contractual<br />

obligations are reviewed at year-end with reference to the difference between the forward exchange<br />

rates applicable to the contract at the balance sheet date and the contracted forward rates. Any net<br />

losses identified are charged to the consolidated statement of income.<br />

Refer to Note 27 for income and expense amounts recorded in the consolidated statement of income<br />

related to the above transactions.<br />

Fair value of financial instruments<br />

Financial instruments consist primarily of investments in cash, marketable securities, accounts<br />

receivable, accounts payable, debt obligations, forward exchange contracts, interest rate swap<br />

agreements and forward rate agreements.<br />

<strong>The</strong> fair value of debt obligations was estimated by discounting cash flows using interest rates currently<br />

available. <strong>The</strong> carrying amounts and estimated fair value of these obligations at December 31, <strong>1996</strong><br />

were Lire 370,357 million and Lire 375,267 million, respectively.<br />

Fair value of forward exchange contracts are discussed in Note 24. <strong>The</strong> interest rate swap agreements<br />

and forward rate agreements expire within three months and therefore their carrying value<br />

approximates fair value. <strong>The</strong> carrying value of remaining financial instruments approximates fair value<br />

due to the short-term and/or variable rate nature of these instruments.<br />

Revenue recognition<br />

Revenues from product sales are recognized at the time of shipment to the customer, which represents<br />

the moment when ownership passes.<br />

Expense recognition<br />

Expenses are recorded in accordance with the matching principle. Advertising costs are charged to<br />

income in the year in which they are incurred.

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