Gene regulation in Streptococcus pneumoniae - RePub - Erasmus ...

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Acknowledgements TK, JB and HB are supported by IOP-grant IGE03002. We thank Chris den Hengst for help with the DNA-binding studies and Anne de Jong for help with the DNA microarray studies. We thank Dr. R. Brückner for the generous gift of pPP2 and Dr. D. Morrison for the generous gift of CSP-1. Nitrogen Metabolism in S. pneumoniae 149 149
Chapter 5 References 1. Almassy, R. J., C. A. Janson, R. Hamlin, N. H. Xuong, and D. Eisenberg. 1986. Novel subunit-subunit interactions in the structure of glutamine synthetase. Nature 323:304-9. 2. Avery, O. T., C. M. MaCloud, and M. McCarty. 1944. Studies on the chemical nature of the substance inducing transformation of pneumococcal types. Induction of transformation by a desoxyribonucleic acid fraction isolated from Pneumococcus type III. Mol. Med. 1:344-365. 3. Baerends, R. J., W. K. Smits, A. de Jong, L. W. Hamoen, J. Kok, and O. P. Kuipers. 2004. Genome2D: a visualization tool for the rapid analysis of bacterial transcriptome data. Genome Biol. 5:R37. 4. Belitsky, B. R., and A. L. Sonenshein. 2004. Modulation of activity of Bacillus subtilis regulatory proteins GltC and TnrA by glutamate dehydrogenase. J. Bacteriol. 186:3399-407. 5. Belitsky, B. R., L. V. Wray, Jr., S. H. Fisher, D. E. Bohannon, and A. L. Sonenshein. 2000. Role of TnrA in nitrogen source-dependent repression of Bacillus subtilis glutamate synthase gene expression. J. Bacteriol. 182:5939-47. 6. Bergara, F., C. Ibarra, J. Iwamasa, J. C. Patarroyo, R. Aguilera, and L. M. Marquez-Magana. 2003. CodY is a nutritional repressor of flagellar gene expression in Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 185:3118-26. 7. Brandenburg, J. L., L. V. Wray, Jr., L. Beier, H. Jarmer, H. H. Saxild, and S. H. Fisher. 2002. Roles of PucR, GlnR, and TnrA in regulating expression of the Bacillus subtilis ure P3 promoter. J. Bacteriol. 184:6060-4. 8. Brown, S. W., and A. L. Sonenshein. 1996. Autogenous regulation of the Bacillus subtilis glnRA operon. J. Bacteriol. 178:2450-4. 9. de Ruyter, P. G., O. P. Kuipers, and W. M. de Vos. 1996. Controlled gene expression systems for Lactococcus lactis with the food-grade inducer nisin. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:3662-7. 10. den Hengst, C. D., P. Curley, R. Larsen, G. Buist, A. Nauta, D. van Sinderen, O. P. Kuipers, and J. Kok. 2005. Probing direct interactions between CodY and the oppD promoter of Lactococcus lactis. J. Bacteriol. 187:512-21. 150 150
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Gene regulation in Streptococcus pn
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Cover image by Duve van Boggelen (w
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Promotiecommissie Promotoren: Prof.
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CHAPTER 1 Introduction 7
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Introduction Figure 1. Infections c
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Interestingly, autolysis induced by
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histidine kinase is the sensor prot
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metabolism are often required for v
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egulatory systems, aiming to elucid
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11. Cockeran, R., A. J. Theron, H.
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33. Li, S., S. J. Kelly, E. Lamani,
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53. Romero, P., R. Lopez, and E. Ga
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CHAPTER 2 Regulation of gene expres
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Introduction Streptococcus pneumoni
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Materiaals and Meethods Gene regula
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(Invitrogen), 0.2 mM aminoallyl dUT
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Isolation of pneumococcal RNA durin
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Resultss and Discuussion Gene regul
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Table 1. Genes regulated by RR09 in
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phosphofructokinase, and a fructose
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Figure 4. Expression of rlrA and rr
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correlated well with our in vitro m
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Figure 7. Bacterial loads in blood
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Acknowledgments This work was suppo
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10. Ibrahim, Y. M., A. R. Kerr, J.
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genome sequence of a virulent isola
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Gene regulation by RR09 in S. pneum
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Gene regulation by RR09 in S. pneum
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Table S4. Genes up- and downregulat
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Table S6. Genes up- and downregulat
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Chapter 3 Abstract 62 62 Previous s
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Chapter 3 between the wild-type and
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Chapter 3 S. pneumoniae TIGR4 by CS
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Chapter 3 performance liquid chroma
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Chapter 3 Results Transcriptional a
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Chapter 3 Table 3. Differentially e
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Chapter 3 Figure 2. Colonization mo
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Chapter 3 than the D39ΔpsaR-infect
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Chapter 3 effect was more severe fo
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Chapter 3 in TIGR4ΔpsaR. However,
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Chapter 3 References 1. Adrian, P.
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Chapter 3 21. Hemsley, C., E. Joyce
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Chapter 3 40. McCluskey, J., J. Hin
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CHAPTER 4 CodY of Streptococcus pne
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Introduction Bacteria encounter var
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Materials and Methods Bacterial str
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Table 2. Oligonucleotide primers us
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The CodY regulon of S. pneumoniae I
Page 100 and 101: The CodY regulon of S. pneumoniae w
Page 102 and 103: Accession numbers The microarray da
Page 104 and 105: Table 3. Differentially expressed g
Page 106 and 107: Binding of CodY to target promoters
Page 108 and 109: The CodY regulon of S. pneumoniae E
Page 110 and 111: The CodY regulon of S. pneumoniae F
Page 112 and 113: Discussion CodY has been described
Page 114 and 115: levels of adherence in D39. Using a
Page 116 and 117: References The CodY regulon of S. p
Page 118 and 119: Glass. 2001. Genome of the bacteriu
Page 120 and 121: 40. Shivers, R. P., S. S. Dineen, a
Page 122 and 123: CHAPTER 5 Regulation of glutamine a
Page 124 and 125: Introduction Regulation of nitrogen
Page 126 and 127: Materials and Methods Nitrogen Meta
Page 128 and 129: TK136 D39 Δcps; Km R capsule-less
Page 130 and 131: gene from pORI28, was fused to the
Page 132 and 133: Construction of lacZ fusions Chromo
Page 134 and 135: Enzyme assays Cell-free extracts, u
Page 136 and 137: Reverse-transcriptase PCR RNA isola
Page 138 and 139: Table 3. Summary of transcriptome c
Page 140 and 141: effect caused by altered intracellu
Page 142 and 143: examine whether zwf is only transcr
Page 144 and 145: (http://www.bd.com/ds/technicalCent
Page 146 and 147: H6-GlnR alone at the concentration
Page 148 and 149: Discussion In this study, we charac
Page 152 and 153: 11. den Hengst, C. D., S. A. van Hi
Page 154 and 155: Nitrogen Metabolism in S. pneumonia
Page 156 and 157: 52. Wray, L. V., Jr., J. M. Zalieck
Page 158 and 159: CHAPTER 6 Site-specific contributio
Page 160 and 161: Introduction GlnR-regulon and pneum
Page 162 and 163: Materials and Methods Bacterial str
Page 164 and 165: eferred to as t=0. Bacteriology res
Page 166 and 167: Results GlnR-regulon and pneumococc
Page 168 and 169: Figure 3. Colonization model. Bacte
Page 170 and 171: GlnR-regulon and pneumococcal virul
Page 172 and 173: Table 2. Differentially expressed g
Page 174 and 175: Discussion The ability to adequatel
Page 176 and 177: The microarray data showed that pre
Page 178 and 179: Acknowledgments WTH is supported by
Page 180 and 181: 12. Ibrahim, Y. M., A. R. Kerr, J.
Page 182 and 183: 33. Zalieckas, J. M., L. V. Wray, J
Page 184 and 185: CHAPTER 7 Pneumococcal gene regulat
Page 186 and 187: Introduction Regulation of gene exp
Page 188 and 189: Gene regulation and metabolism in S
Page 190 and 191: makes it possible for the pneumococ
Page 192 and 193: A CcpA homologue exists in the pneu
Page 194 and 195: double mutant, suggesting direct re
Page 196 and 197: References Gene regulation and meta
Page 198 and 199: 23. Kerr, A. R., P. V. Adrian, S. E
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45. Sonenshein, A. L. 2005. CodY, a
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CHAPTER 8 Summarizing discussion 20
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that the observed virulence phenoty
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CodY was found to be required for a
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References Summarizing discussion 1
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Summarizing discussion 21. Orihuela
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Samenvatting en discussie Curriculu
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Samenvatting en discussie kunnen ge
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Bevindingen die dit onderbouwen, we
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Curriculum Vitae Curriculum Vitae W
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Dankwoord Jeetje, dat het dan toch
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oekje en ik kijk uit naar de bijbeh
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