Training course on energy efficiency in SMEs - engine-sme.eu

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Step 3: Check the specific energy consumption In the third step it is easy to calculate the specific energy consumption for a particular plant. The consumption of compressed air is the result of the measurements over a week. The following indicators must be calculated: Consumption: kWh www.engine-sme.eu Compressed air [m³/week] 1 13,440 Electrical energy [kWh/week] 2 4,200 Specific energy consumption [kWh/m³] 2/1 0.31 Specific energy consumption [kW/m³/min] 18.6
Step 4: Compare the specific energy consumption Compare the specific energy consumption of your plant with the manufacturer’s technical specifications for your plant. If no data is available than compare your figures to those given in the table below. Type of compressor: Specific energy consumption for compressing air from 0 to 10 bar [kW/m3/min] Piston compressor 1 step 10.31 www.engine-sme.eu Screw compressor 1 step 10.06 Piston compressor 2 steps 8.36 Oil free Piston compressor 2 steps 10.51
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Training c
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Overview Energy Data Typical consum
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Characteristics Energy intense indu
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Euro per GJ Energy price trends -GA
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Contents of EN 16001 … standard f
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Energy Policy www.engine-sme.eu
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Formalised approach 1. Discuss the
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2/10. Clarify the process At an ear
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4/10. Inviting staff to participate
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6/10. Energy Policy - content • C
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Example Energy Policy SCA HYGIENE P
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8/10. Final Energy Policy The proje
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10/10. Updating the policy The ener
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The initial review The goal of the
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Step by step process The initial re
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Define operating conditions The eff
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Human factors Beside the technical
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Data source: Invoices Invoices pres
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Calculating data - options • To i
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Data source: Measurements The first
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Meter requirements • Make sure th
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EXAMPLE Data preparation The follow
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EXAMPLE Absolute and relative indic
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Input-Output analysis Input Output
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Flow chart With the data collected
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Analysis and interpretation Current
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Legal Obligations www.engine-sme.eu
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Legal obligations STEPS 1. Decide w
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Energy Programme www.engine-sme.eu
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Establish the procedure Within the
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Gathering proposals There are 2 use
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Improvement proposals on site Staff
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Cost Benefit Diagram Field A has th
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Scoring system Another efficient pr
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Scoring system 3. Assessment - Each
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Financial assessment 1. Static inve
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Static methods The costs of an inve
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Implementation of proposals In prac
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Identification of savings Apportion
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The Energy Programme If tasks are v
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Resources, Roles and Responsibiliti
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Energy Manager & Energy Team The to
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The Energy Team Members of the ener
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Resources • timetable • budget
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Awareness raising In the area of in
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Top management Top management must
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Provide necessary information The i
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Data, indicators and performance
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Possibilities to reduce losses Gene
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Awareness raising Awareness is the
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Staff participation - Check 1. What
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Communication Data about the Energy
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Methods 1. Indicators 2. Informatio
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Information in text form In 2003 th
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Information in graphs MWh 10000 800
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The communication network For each
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Structure of an Energy report Execu
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EM System documentation The primary
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Document control • Date stamped (
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4.4.5 Control of documents 1. Docum
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Operational control As a rule of th
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Energy Monitoring www.engine-sme.eu
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... gives information Before energy
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Core areas When setting up an energ
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Results An energy monitoring asks f
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Electricity Company Energy monitori
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Natural gas In some countries, e.g.
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Results 1: Energy consumption Energ
Page 137 and 138: Results 3: Average energy costs Ene
Page 139 and 140: Evaluation of Compliance www.engine
Page 141 and 142: Register of compliance Relevant act
Page 143 and 144: Nonconformity, corrective and preve
Page 145 and 146: Control of Records www.engine-sme.e
Page 147 and 148: Records needed • Training
Page 149 and 150: Document control • Revision Dates
Page 151 and 152: General requirements for all record
Page 153 and 154: Internal Audit www.engine-sme.eu
Page 155 and 156: Areas to cover within an audit The
Page 157 and 158: 2. Energy data • Data is classifi
Page 159 and 160: 4. Energy team • In larger organi
Page 161 and 162: 6. Energy programme • The improve
Page 163 and 164: 8. Legal obligations • There is a
Page 165 and 166: 10. Energy intensive areas • Ener
Page 167 and 168: 12. Maintenance • Energy intensiv
Page 169 and 170: 14. Training • T
Page 171 and 172: 16. EM System documentation • The
Page 173 and 174: The audit team • The members of t
Page 175 and 176: EXAMPLE Audit Overview Office Produ
Page 177 and 178: Audit procedure 1. The Audit team m
Page 179 and 180: Review by top management Top manage
Page 181 and 182: Compressed Air www.engine-sme.eu
Page 183 and 184: Checking the efficiency Since poor
Page 185 and 186: Analysis & calculation - 12 steps T
Page 187: Step 2: Measure the consumption of
Page 191 and 192: Step 5: Calculating losses from lea
Page 193 and 194: Step 5: Calculating losses from lea
Page 195 and 196: EXAMPLE - Calculating losses from l
Page 197 and 198: Step 6: Calculating the effective p
Page 199 and 200: Step 7: Calculate pressure in distr
Page 201 and 202: Step 8: Loss of pressure through sy
Page 203 and 204: Step 10: Decrease of efficiency thr
Page 205 and 206: Step 12: Choosing the off-load/ on-
Page 207 and 208: EXAMPLE - track the efficiency . da
Page 209 and 210: EXAMPLE - wast heat: track the effi
Page 211 and 212: Electric Motors www.engine-sme.eu
Page 213 and 214: Life-time facts • Almost half of
Page 215 and 216: Main components The following compo
Page 217 and 218: Losses in a motor system The main p
Page 219 and 220: Motor applications The following ap
Page 221 and 222: 1. Switch it off The simplest metho
Page 223 and 224: Permitted starts/hour 1. Switch it
Page 225 and 226: 2. Reducing motor load There is lit
Page 227 and 228: 4. Use motor control systems Variab
Page 229 and 230: 6. Reconnect to STAR ‘STAR’ con
Page 231 and 232: 7. Motor sizing It has been enginee
Page 233 and 234: Calculating the energy consumption
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EXAMPLE Calculating annual costs Mo
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Example: Comparing investment and r
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EXAMPLE Comparing HEF and normal mo
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Heating systems This module focuses
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Losses in a heating system As a rul
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Heat source and boiler • Oil boil
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Tube systems Heat in the form of ho
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Controls Controls allow you to regu
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Fuels Today fossil fuels such as oi
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Calculating running costs for heati
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Step 1: Identify heated area Identi
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Step 3: Develop an indicator All yo
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Reducing energy consumption Reducin
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B. Energy optimisation with simple
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Reduce room temperature at specifie
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Decrease heat losses through window
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Reduce boiler temperatures Hot wate
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Adjust preflux temperatures correct
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Adjust thermostat valves Make sure
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Check frost detection devices Check
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Hydraulic regulation of the heating
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Losses caused by emitted heat in ex
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Distribution losses During operatio
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Humidity and its influence on comfo
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Reduce costs by changing fuels and
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Lighting www.engine-sme.eu
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Lighting facts Lighting can be a bi
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a. Single rooms The lighting system
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c. Direct and indirect lighting Dir
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Light yield lm/W Life time hour Pur
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Requirements for illumination Illum
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Evenness of lighting Type of work E
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Evaluating costs for lighting It is
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Step 2 - Identify annual operating
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Making energy savings 1. First, foc
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Use of daylight Staff sometimes for
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Reduce lighting level Daylight cont
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Interiors and colours When decorati
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Use control systems Control systems
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Ventilation systems This module wil
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Background information Traditionall
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Background information There are di
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Natural ventilation There are many
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Ventilation rates The quantity of v
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Facts The amount of energy consumed
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Components A ventilation system con
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Efficiency of fans Fan connections
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Specific Fan Power There are now st
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Air-cleaning and filtration systems
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Electric heating batteries An elect
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Heat recovery systems In a ventilat
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Control systems Ideally, buildings
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Evaluating the energy consumption E
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Evaluating the energy consumption A
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Example - energy consumption B. Bas
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Making energy savings The energy us
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Example Ventilation rates Office bu
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Example Ventilation rates Office bu
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Energy savings - 4. Use of control
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Summary Industrial ventilation gene
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Training course on energy efficiency in SMEs - engine-sme.eu

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