Training course on energy efficiency in SMEs - engine-sme.eu

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Ways of assessment Assessments will build on data and facts as well as individual opinions and prejudgements. Nevertheless it is necessary to focus on the importance of a subsequent detailed analysis including a financial evaluation as described later on. Two ways of assessing proposals and ideas are: Cost+benefit diagram. This simple diagram with its rough assessments gives a subjective overview of the benefits and expenses of possible activities. www.engine-sme.eu Standardised scoring system. An objective selection of the best action will always require a standardised system. A scoring system is a good and transparent possibility.
Cost Benefit Diagram Field A has the highest benefit and the lowest costs which means that these proposals are the most advantageous Field B has high benefits but also high costs and, in the case of free capital, presents the second best opportunity Field C has low benefits and low costs. Proposals in this field could normally be implemented immediately www.engine-sme.eu Field D has low benefits but high cost and proposals in this field will normally not considered immediately.
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Training c
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Overview Energy Data Typical consum
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Characteristics Energy intense indu
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Euro per GJ Energy price trends -GA
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Contents of EN 16001 … standard f
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Energy Policy www.engine-sme.eu
Page 13 and 14: Formalised approach 1. Discuss the
Page 15 and 16: 2/10. Clarify the process At an ear
Page 17 and 18: 4/10. Inviting staff to participate
Page 19 and 20: 6/10. Energy Policy - content • C
Page 21 and 22: Example Energy Policy SCA HYGIENE P
Page 23 and 24: 8/10. Final Energy Policy The proje
Page 25 and 26: 10/10. Updating the policy The ener
Page 27 and 28: The initial review The goal of the
Page 29 and 30: Step by step process The initial re
Page 31 and 32: Define operating conditions The eff
Page 33 and 34: Human factors Beside the technical
Page 35 and 36: Data source: Invoices Invoices pres
Page 37 and 38: Calculating data - options • To i
Page 39 and 40: Data source: Measurements The first
Page 41 and 42: Meter requirements • Make sure th
Page 43 and 44: EXAMPLE Data preparation The follow
Page 45 and 46: EXAMPLE Absolute and relative indic
Page 47 and 48: Input-Output analysis Input Output
Page 49 and 50: Flow chart With the data collected
Page 51 and 52: Analysis and interpretation Current
Page 53 and 54: Legal Obligations www.engine-sme.eu
Page 55 and 56: Legal obligations STEPS 1. Decide w
Page 57 and 58: Energy Programme www.engine-sme.eu
Page 59 and 60: Establish the procedure Within the
Page 61 and 62: Gathering proposals There are 2 use
Page 63: Improvement proposals on site Staff
Page 67 and 68: Scoring system Another efficient pr
Page 69 and 70: Scoring system 3. Assessment - Each
Page 71 and 72: Financial assessment 1. Static inve
Page 73 and 74: Static methods The costs of an inve
Page 75 and 76: Implementation of proposals In prac
Page 77 and 78: Identification of savings Apportion
Page 79 and 80: The Energy Programme If tasks are v
Page 81 and 82: Resources, Roles and Responsibiliti
Page 83 and 84: Energy Manager & Energy Team The to
Page 85 and 86: The Energy Team Members of the ener
Page 87 and 88: Resources • timetable • budget
Page 89 and 90: Awareness raising In the area of in
Page 91 and 92: Top management Top management must
Page 93 and 94: Provide necessary information The i
Page 95 and 96: Data, indicators and performance
Page 97 and 98: Possibilities to reduce losses Gene
Page 99 and 100: Awareness raising Awareness is the
Page 101 and 102: Staff participation - Check 1. What
Page 103 and 104: Communication Data about the Energy
Page 105 and 106: Methods 1. Indicators 2. Informatio
Page 107 and 108: Information in text form In 2003 th
Page 109 and 110: Information in graphs MWh 10000 800
Page 111 and 112: The communication network For each
Page 113 and 114: Structure of an Energy report Execu
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EM System documentation The primary
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Document control • Date stamped (
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4.4.5 Control of documents 1. Docum
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Operational control As a rule of th
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Energy Monitoring www.engine-sme.eu
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... gives information Before energy
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Core areas When setting up an energ
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Results An energy monitoring asks f
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Electricity Company Energy monitori
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Natural gas In some countries, e.g.
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Results 1: Energy consumption Energ
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Results 3: Average energy costs Ene
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Evaluation of Compliance www.engine
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Register of compliance Relevant act
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Nonconformity, corrective and preve
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Control of Records www.engine-sme.e
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Records needed • Training
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Document control • Revision Dates
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General requirements for all record
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Internal Audit www.engine-sme.eu
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Areas to cover within an audit The
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2. Energy data • Data is classifi
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4. Energy team • In larger organi
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6. Energy programme • The improve
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8. Legal obligations • There is a
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10. Energy intensive areas • Ener
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12. Maintenance • Energy intensiv
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14. Training • T
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16. EM System documentation • The
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The audit team • The members of t
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EXAMPLE Audit Overview Office Produ
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Audit procedure 1. The Audit team m
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Review by top management Top manage
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Compressed Air www.engine-sme.eu
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Checking the efficiency Since poor
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Analysis & calculation - 12 steps T
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Step 2: Measure the consumption of
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Step 4: Compare the specific energy
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Step 5: Calculating losses from lea
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Step 5: Calculating losses from lea
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EXAMPLE - Calculating losses from l
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Step 6: Calculating the effective p
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Step 7: Calculate pressure in distr
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Step 8: Loss of pressure through sy
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Step 10: Decrease of efficiency thr
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Step 12: Choosing the off-load/ on-
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EXAMPLE - track the efficiency . da
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EXAMPLE - wast heat: track the effi
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Electric Motors www.engine-sme.eu
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Life-time facts • Almost half of
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Main components The following compo
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Losses in a motor system The main p
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Motor applications The following ap
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1. Switch it off The simplest metho
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Permitted starts/hour 1. Switch it
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2. Reducing motor load There is lit
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4. Use motor control systems Variab
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6. Reconnect to STAR ‘STAR’ con
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7. Motor sizing It has been enginee
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Calculating the energy consumption
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EXAMPLE Calculating annual costs Mo
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Example: Comparing investment and r
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EXAMPLE Comparing HEF and normal mo
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Heating systems This module focuses
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Losses in a heating system As a rul
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Heat source and boiler • Oil boil
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Tube systems Heat in the form of ho
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Controls Controls allow you to regu
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Fuels Today fossil fuels such as oi
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Calculating running costs for heati
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Step 1: Identify heated area Identi
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Step 3: Develop an indicator All yo
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Reducing energy consumption Reducin
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B. Energy optimisation with simple
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Reduce room temperature at specifie
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Decrease heat losses through window
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Reduce boiler temperatures Hot wate
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Adjust preflux temperatures correct
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Adjust thermostat valves Make sure
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Check frost detection devices Check
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Hydraulic regulation of the heating
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Losses caused by emitted heat in ex
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Distribution losses During operatio
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Humidity and its influence on comfo
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Reduce costs by changing fuels and
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Lighting www.engine-sme.eu
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Lighting facts Lighting can be a bi
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a. Single rooms The lighting system
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c. Direct and indirect lighting Dir
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Light yield lm/W Life time hour Pur
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Requirements for illumination Illum
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Evenness of lighting Type of work E
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Evaluating costs for lighting It is
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Step 2 - Identify annual operating
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Making energy savings 1. First, foc
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Use of daylight Staff sometimes for
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Reduce lighting level Daylight cont
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Interiors and colours When decorati
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Use control systems Control systems
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Ventilation systems This module wil
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Background information Traditionall
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Background information There are di
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Natural ventilation There are many
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Ventilation rates The quantity of v
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Facts The amount of energy consumed
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Components A ventilation system con
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Efficiency of fans Fan connections
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Specific Fan Power There are now st
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Air-cleaning and filtration systems
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Electric heating batteries An elect
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Heat recovery systems In a ventilat
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Control systems Ideally, buildings
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Evaluating the energy consumption E
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Evaluating the energy consumption A
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Example - energy consumption B. Bas
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Making energy savings The energy us
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Example Ventilation rates Office bu
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Example Ventilation rates Office bu
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Energy savings - 4. Use of control
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Summary Industrial ventilation gene
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Training course on energy efficiency in SMEs - engine-sme.eu

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