Presentation Outline ICHP Annual Meeting September 13-15

3 Months of Treatment for Latent TB
Overall conclusions
• Rate of TB in combo group half of that in
isoniazid alone group
• Combo b therapy h x 3 months h may bbe
treatment
option for HIV‐negative patients with latent TB
• Formal cost analysis
N Engl J Med. 2011;365(23):2155-2166.
3 Months of Treatment for Latent TB
Strengths
• Similar findings when risk
factors adjusted for
• Large sample size
N Engl J Med. 2011;365(23):2155-2166.
Limitations
• Open‐label study
• Large noninferiority margin
compared to incidence rate
• Only applicable to countries
with low and medium rates
of TB incidence
• Difficulty in capturing rare
but serious AEs
Latent TB Treatment Pros/Cons
3 Months of Rifapentine + Isoniazid 9 Months of Isoniazid
Pros Cons Pros Cons
Shorter
duration/greater
compliance
Possibly more cost‐
effective than
isoniazid alone
May be more
effective in TB
prevention than
isoniazid alone
Direct observation Current standard of
care
Lower compliance
rates
Not an option for Used in patients May be more costly
patients with HIV with HIV than combination
therapy
May not be able to
use in areas with
high prevalence of
TB
Unknown resistance
issues with
rifapentine
Used in areas with
high prevalence of
TB
http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2012/9789241503006_eng.pdf.
N Engl J Med. 2011;365(23):2155-2166.
May be less
effective than
combination
regimen
8/30/2012
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