Institutional Mechanisms for REDD+ - Case Studies Working Paper

the village would earn less through a WMA (Nelson et al., 2006). However, Sinya agreed to join the WMA in
2009. 95
The Enduimet WMA encompasses approximately 110,000 ha of land. 96 The land in the WMA is primarily
pasture land, not agricultural land or forest.
Location of Enduimet WMA and Suledo Forest in Tanzania:
As required in the 2002 WMA Regulations, the Enduimet WMA is managed by an AA registered as a
community-based organization (CBO, see Box 3.1). The AA oversees the WMA and manages revenues
derived from WMA activities. The AA is comprised of representatives of each member village often from the
Village Natural Resource Committee, which is a subcommittee of the Village Council. The Enduimet AA has
a chairman, secretary, and a financial manager. A total of 40 game scouts from member villages have been
trained with support from AWF and the Honeyguide Foundation, a Tanzania-based NGO. 97
The AA is monitored by member Village Councils, which must provide annual and semi-annual reports to
Village Assembly meetings and to the District Council (WMA Regulations of 2002, Part V, article 21).
However, interviews with villagers from the Enduimet WMA (Minwary, 2009) and findings from studies
conducted in other WMAs show that AAs are not effectively accountable to the Village Council and the
Village Assembly. As a result, member villages lose a certain measure of control over their land because much
of their authority is transferred to the AA. According to Honeyguide Foundation, 98 villages of the Enduimet
WMA struggle to communicate with the AA. They believe the WMA has too many villages for effective
communication and management. The lines of accountability between the AA to the various Village Councils
and Village Assemblies of the member villages are stipulated in the Regulations in general terms only, and
they tend to vary in practice by AA and village.
95 The legislation on Non-Consumptive Utilization of Wildlife was changed in July 2008, requiring that all fees paid by safari operators go through
the Wildlife Division in the MNRT. Sinya stopped receiving revenues from these fees after this date.
96 Figure provided in the Institution of Resource Assessment of 2007, at a time Sinya had decided not to join the WMA.
97 Per its own website, the Honeyguide Foundation is ―a grass roots, non-profit, non-governmental organization based in Tanzania dedicated to
support communities and the conservation of wildlife and natural resources through long-term community partnerships.‖
(http://www.honeyguide.org/).
98 Interview with Damian Bell, May 2011.
50 PRRGP INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS FOR REDD: CASE STUDIES – WORKING PAPER