world cancer report - iarc

100
50
25
10
5
2.5
1
Japan
Males
Females
1960 19701980 1990 2000
100
Fig. 4.54 The incidence of stomach cancer is decreasing worldwide. D.M. Parkin et al. (2001) Eur J Cancer, 37 Suppl. 8: S4-66.
has not been evaluated in a prospective,
controlled study.
Outside Japan, there are conflicting data
about the efficacy of screening. In the
North-East of Italy, an area with an intermediate
incidence rate, surveillance was
employed for patients with dysplastic gastric
lesions. Three-quarters of cancers
detected during a secondary prevention
surveillance programme were considered
50
25
10
178 Prevention and screening
5
2.5
1
Singapore New Zealand Denmark Puerto Rico
Chinese
Malay
Indian
100
50
25
10
5
2.5
1
Maori (M)
Maori (F)
Non Maori (M)
Non Maori (F)
100
1960 19701980 1990 2000 1960 19701980 1990 2000 1960 19701980 1990 2000 1960 19701980 1990 2000 1960 19701980 1990 2000
Males
Females
to be early stomach cancer. This contrasts
with a case-control study in Venezuela
which did not demonstrate a reduction in
mortality among persons screened with
radiography [15,16].
It is essential that in countries with a high
incidence of stomach cancer, primary prevention
should be promoted to reduce the
disease burden. The pathogenesis of
50
25
10
5
2.5
1
100
50
25
10
5
2.5
1
Males
Females
100
50
25
10
UK
stomach cancer is multi-factorial and even
if the most powerful risk factor is eradicated,
this does not guarantee an immediate
or even rapid reduction in cancer risk.
Testing and treatment for H. pylori in highincidence
areas should be complemented
with dietary modifications. Populationbased
screening for stomach cancer is not
appropriate in countries with low incidence
rates.
5
2.5
1
Males
Females