Letnik 9/2, september 2007 - Slovenska vojska

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OBOROŽENE SILE KOT POMEMBEN DEJAVNIK V BOJU PROTI TERORIZMU We can see from the graph that the most frequent methods used by terrorists in executing terrorist acts are armed attacks, placing of different explosive devices (bombs) and kidnappings which end with death of hostages. It is very important to show also categories of persons that are the most frequent victims of terrorist attacks. Therefore, I will show the data for 2005. Graph 3: Victims of terrorist accts in 2005 divided in categories Civil persons; 8056; 54% Military; 1079; 7% Police; 2835; 19% Goverment officials; 1014; 7% Children; 646; 4% Economists; 226; 4% Political activists; 254; 2% Other; 547; 4% Religious Workers; 127; 1% Source: National Counterterrorism Centre – NCTC; Report on Incidents of Terrorism 2005 (2006: 18). We can see that civil victims represent more than a half of all victims of terrorism in 2005. Terrorism in its execution phase is becoming more and more uncompromising. Terrorist groups do not only target at governmental structures and institutions, but direct their actions against civil population to cause a greater number of victims. 132
Denis Čaleta R O L E O F T H E S L O V E N I A N A R M E D F O R C E S I N C O U N T E R I N G T E R R O R I S M Different sources of threat among which terrorism is one of the more important ones will present an important factor of threat to the national security of individual states and international community in the future. With the process of globalisation terrorism has appeared practically in every part of the world. For this reason it is practically impossible today to separate areas which have not been directly or indirectly influenced or threatened by terrorism. Increased terrorist threats in the last years have brought about the need to involve armed forces in counterterrorism activities. States are trying to complement the existing capacity for countering terrorism by using the armed forces although traditionally these activities fit in the area of internal affairs. Counterterrorism tasks of armed forces until now have been directed towards protection and assurance of interests of states and their citizens outside state borders. In the last period we notice trends where armed forces are also more and more employed for counter terrorism tasks inside state borders. Only multi purpose armed forces will be capable of quick adapting to changing situations (Kotnik, 2002: 167) and the dynamics of the security environment. In most modern countries a scientific and expert debate is going on about new roles and tasks of armed forces. It is more and more likely that armed forces will be involved in solving different conflicts among which is also terrorism (Toffer, 1995: 36). Boene (1994: 6) does not treat the “new role” of armed forces as a “sui generis” phenomenon but only as expanded spectrum of military operations. We should be aware that in history there were different periods when they searched for new, additional roles for military forces. This is especially characteristic for periods of relatively small probability of military engagements and military threats, when there are no real reasons for the implementation of the basic mission of military forces (deterring and executing armed conflicts) (Kotnik, 2002: 163). With these acts military forces are searching for the adequate level of legitimacy or at least the feeling of usefulness. One could partly agree with these estimates but on the other hand we should stress that civil society has to be interested in a proper involvement of armed forces in countering all threats to national security. This means that all potentials of armed forces should be used for this reason. In this context we can understand the need that military forces be more active in the area of countering terrorism. Some authors (Garb, 1993: 56; Jelušič, 1992: 73) quoted that the army was loosing the role which gives it the biggest legitimacy in the society and that the army needs to have an image of an active element. The perception of civil society 133
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REPUBLIKA SLOVENIJA MINISTRSTVO ZA
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Janez Češarek UKREPI ZA NEŠIRJEN
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ZUNANJI VIDIKI PREPREČEVANJA TEROR
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Letnik 9/2, september 2007 - Slovenska vojska

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