Institut za rudarstvo i metalurgiju Bor

angle of 30 o (parallel to layer) and up
to 800 m;
- Service vertical shaft for transport of
the employed, equipment, materials
and parts of the depth of about 400 m;
From the opening area, it is necessary
to achieve transversal connection with
productive layers, the mutual distance of
40 to 60 m. Merging horizons achieved
with making slope rooms for at least three,
located in the productive layers, in order to
establish flow ventilation. Further preparation
of the system, achieved production of
parallel corridors to the limits of the deposit,
in overlie, and floor block. The establishment
of cross-links between preparatory
corridors creates the conditions
for the formation of longwall mechanized
pits. In the given conditions, taking into
account the production requirements of
functionality and security work, considered
to be purposeful doors mining.
A logical dilemma is imposed, whether
this technical solution could be implemented
in terms of oil shale in Aleksinac.
Knowing the physical-mechanical properties
of oil shale and based on experience in
the exploitation of coal in the field, "Morava",
can be given to secure a positive
response. [5]
Analysis of underground gasification
opportunities
Many decades of world experiences,
when speaking about the underground
gasification of coal (Fig. 2), indicate that it
is environmentally clean technology and
complex utilization of coal in a completely
unexploited or unused coal layers or parts
of the deposit.
Given the quantity and quality of energy
resources at our disposal, and especially
prominent as the need for rational
use of primary energy resources (i.e., not
just secondary), we found the situation to
conquer the technology exploitation offbalance
reserves and remains excavating
balance reserves. For such underground
coal reserves, the coal gasification is the
method without any alternative.
The process of gasification of brown
coal is processing of organic matter into
the coal gas products. Gasification of
brown coal could be also carried out with
the coals of low degree of chemical maturity,
and thus the coal is completely free of
mineral inclusions and water. Gasification
could be carried out by two ways: the underground
coal gasification – UCG, or in
the gasgenerators.
Determination the activities in this
area, the most important approach is the
most conscientious choice for optimal location
of PGU. When it is necessary to
observe the quantity of coal that would be
gasified, and thus determine the total
amount of produced gas by the UCG.
Previous experiences have shown that
the underground mining of coal use around
30-35%, and virtually abandoned remains
about 65-70%, which would point to possible
existence of surplus energy resources
and understanding, but it is not so, especially
because of concerns for the future
time. This situation could be, and accept,
but the appearance of new or alternative
technologies, such as is this - UCG, long
known (UCG license was sold by the Soviet
Union to the USA in 1974), with a
comparative advantage over the conventional
methods of exploitation (which in
basically characterized by difficult mining
operation, expressed the social interest,
insufficient profitability, environmental
protection, emissions, etc.), seriously we
choose for these new technologies.
Underground gasification of coal,
autotermic process, includes the process of
degasification, or pyrolysis and gasification
itself. These processes occur as the result
of impact the high temperature and management
of coal combustion at bringing the
funds for gasification that is usually air,
water vapor with air in a certain respect,
and air or oxygen-enriched water vapor, or
oxygen. Today, the two known UCG
methods exist.
No 1, 2010. 52
MINING ENGINEERING