Contribution of Forestry to Poverty Alleviation - APFNet

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Bahuguna, V.K., Mitra, K., Capistrano, D., & Saigal, S. (Eds.). (2004). Root to canopy: Regenerating forests through community state partnerships. New Delhi: Winrock International India/ Commonwealth Forestry Association India Chapter. Bhat, K.M. [n.d.]. Industrial utilization of bamboo and rattan in India: An overview. Peechi, India: Kerala Forest Research Institute. Bhattacharya, P., & Hayat, F. (2004). ‘Sustainable NTFP management for rural development: A case from Madhya Pradesh, India’. International Forestry Review 6 (2). Bird, N., & Dickson, C. (2005). Poverty reduction strategy papers: Making the case for forestry. ODI Forestry Briefing, Overseas Development Institute, London, U.K. Business Standard. (2011, February 5). Retrieved from http://www.rediff.com/business/slide-show/ slide-show-1-india-to-become-the-worlds-largest-economy-by-2050/20110502.htmCentral Central Statistical Organization. (2004). National accounts statistics. Government of India, New Delhi: CSO. Community Forestry International. (n.d). Payment for environmental services: A case study from Meghalaya, NE India. Retrieved from http://www.communityforestryinternational.org/ publications/mini-reports/PES_flyerMawphlang_Sacred_Forest.pdf Chopra and Dasgupta (n.d). The nature of household dependence on common pool resources: An empirical study in India. New Delhi: Institute of Economic Growth. Chopra, K. and S. C. Gulati. (2001). Migration, common property resources and environmental degradation: Interlinkages in India’s arid and semi-arid regions. NewDelhi: Sage Publications India Pvt. Limited. Chronic Poverty Research Centre (CPRC). (2011). India chronic poverty report: Towards solutions and new compacts in a dynamic context. New Delhi: Indian Institute of Public Administration. Chronic Poverty Research Centre (CPRC). (2008). Chronic poverty report 2008-09: Escaping poverty traps. University of Manchester, Manchester: Chronic Poverty Research Centre. Das, N., & Sarker, D. (2008). Distributional aspect of forest income: A study on JFM and non-JFM forest dependent households. Calcutta: Working Paper N.6, Centre for Studies in Social Sciences. Retrieved from http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15330/ Dasgupta, P. (2010). Impacting livelihoods through institutional innovations: Income and food security from the Indian Forest Rights Act. IPPG Discussion Papers. University of Manchester, Manchester: School of Environment & Development. Dhyani, S.K., Samra J.S., Ajit, A.K., Handa & Uma. (2007). Forestry to support increased agricultural production: Focus on employment generation and rural development. Agricultural Economics Research Review, Vol. 20 July-December 2007. ESPASSA. (2008). A situation analysis for India and the Hindu Kush Himalayan region. Ecosystem services and poverty alleviation study in South Asia (ESPASSA). New Delhi: The Energy & Resources Institute. FAO. (2010). Woodfuel development and climate change mitigation: Case studies from Brazil, India and Mexico. Forest and Climate change Working Paper 6. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organizations of the United Nations. Forest Survey of India. (2009). State of forests report 2009. Forest survey of India. Government of India, Dehradun: Ministry of Environment and Forests. Forest Survey of India. (1995). State of forest report 1995. Government of India, Dehradun: FSI. Forest Survey of India. (1995).Extent, composition, density, growing stock and annual increment of India’s forests. Dehradun: FSI. 134
Forest Survey of India. (1999). State of forests report 1999. New Delhi: Government of India. Gera, P. (2002). Women’s role and contribution to forest-based livelihoods. UNESO and UNDP. Himanshu, R. (2010). Towards new poverty lines for India. Economic & Political Weekly 45(1), 2-8 January 2010. IFAD. (2011). Rural poverty report 2011—New realities, new challenges: New opportunities for tomorrow’s generation. Rome, Italy: International Fund for Agricultural Development. International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) (2010). Global Hunger Index: The challenge of hunger – Focus on child undernutrition. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. International Labour Organization (ILO) (2007). India decent work country programme 2007-2012. Geneva: International Labour Organization. Jairam calls for paradigm shift in forest management (2011). The Hindu News Paper. Joshi, S. (2003). Super market. New Delhi: Down to Earth, February 28, 2003. Kannan, K.P. (2010). Estimating and identifying the poor. Journal of Human Development 4(1): 91-98. Kaushik, R.B. (2007). Poverty alleviation and pro-poor growth in India. New Delhi: Asian Institute of Transport Development. Manoharan, T.R. (2000). Natural resource accounting: Economic valuation of intangible benefits of forests. RIS Discussion Paper # 04/2000. New Delhi: Research and Information System for the Non-aligned and Other Developing Countries. Mehta, A.K. & Shah, A. (2003) Chronic poverty in India: Incidence, causes and policies. World Development 31(3). Ministry of Environment and Forests. (1988). National Forestry Policy (1988). New Delhi: Government of India. Ministry of Environment and Forests (1999). National Forestry Action Plan India. New Delhi: Government of India. Ministry of Environment and Forests (2006), Study of alternatives for meeting the demand of raw materials by wood-based industries. New Delhi: Government of India. Ministry of Environment and Forests (2006a). Measuring milestones: Proceedings of the national workshop on joint forest mangement (JFM). New Delhi: Government of India. Ministry of Environment and Forests. (2006b). Compendium of environmental statistics. New Delhi: Government of India. Ministry of Environment and Forests. (2006c). Report of the National Forest Commission. New Delhi: Government of India. Ministry of Environment and Forests. (2009). India forestry sector outlook study. New Delhi: Government of India. Ministry of Environment and Forests (2010). Report of the National Committee on Forest Rights Act. New Delhi: Government of India. Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) (2009). Report of the expert group on the methodology for the BPL census. New Delhi: Ministry of Rural Development. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. (2009). Millennium development goals India country report 2009 - Mid-term statistical appraisal. Government of India, New Delhi: Central Statistical Organization. 135
Page 1:
Making Forestry Work for the Poor A
Page 4 and 5:
© FAO ISBN The designations employ
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Contents Foreword .................
Page 9 and 10:
Figures Table VII.6. Characteristic
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Acronyms and Abbreviations AAC Annu
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MDG Millennium Development Goal MGN
Page 15 and 16:
Acknowledgements This publication o
Page 17 and 18:
Introduction Overview Peter Walpole
Page 19 and 20:
Table 1: Status of Poverty Reductio
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Although poverty alleviation is inc
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Past efforts to address poverty thr
Page 25 and 26:
Lack of Support for NWFP Developmen
Page 27 and 28:
to absorb the large number of peopl
Page 29 and 30:
Smallholder tree farming Engaging i
Page 31 and 32:
cultures is a major challenge. Cult
Page 33 and 34:
2. Capacity building for individual
Page 35:
Poffenberger, M. and Smith-Hanssen,
Page 38 and 39:
Life in an unforgiving environment
Page 40 and 41:
Forest Policy and Its Objectives Ab
Page 42 and 43:
to meet the expenses during communi
Page 44 and 45:
Chirata is an important medicinal p
Page 46 and 47:
From 2003-04 until 2004-05, revenue
Page 48 and 49:
Payment for Environmental Services
Page 50 and 51:
The auction yard for pipla at Gelep
Page 52 and 53:
Recommendations Pipla collection is
Page 54 and 55:
whose incomes are at the lower end.
Page 56 and 57:
Figure I.3. Net income per distilla
Page 58 and 59:
domestic demand of traditional medi
Page 60 and 61:
auction chirata. However, due to In
Page 62 and 63:
Product improvement • Improvement
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Policy and Planning Division (PPD).
Page 66 and 67:
• reforestation and protection of
Page 68 and 69:
Sector Development Plan 2001-2010,
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Forest Policy The RGC endeavors to
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eserved forests and ensure their ap
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It is generally accepted that the e
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contributions to rural livelihoods,
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Case Study 1: Community forest in P
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she can buy a total of two to three
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Members of the Trapang Kbal Khmoach
Page 84 and 85:
Capacity building for CF members Ed
Page 86 and 87:
After the integration of the Khmer
Page 88 and 89:
Livelihood situation after concessi
Page 90 and 91:
for institutional reforms. Based on
Page 92 and 93:
Meta, B. C. (2010). Community-based
Page 94 and 95:
Table III.1. Summary of past NFI re
Page 96 and 97:
During the Twelfth Five-Year Plan p
Page 98 and 99:
nationwide to contract the collecti
Page 100 and 101: alleviating rural poverty. Collecti
Page 102 and 103: areas. All these create pressure on
Page 104 and 105: Table III.5. List of economic fores
Page 106 and 107: stations, and others. In addition,
Page 108 and 109: farmers to increase to over US$ 310
Page 110 and 111: year and his national special care
Page 112 and 113: enough capital to invest, leading t
Page 115 and 116: Introduction IV Assessment of the C
Page 117 and 118: value of forests reflected in the S
Page 119 and 120: Poverty Alleviation and Forestry in
Page 121 and 122: Reduction Strategy papers. Furtherm
Page 123 and 124: Figure IV.1. Coincidence of forests
Page 125 and 126: Fodder from the forest provided abo
Page 127 and 128: landless and marginal landholding h
Page 129 and 130: 70% was exported. It is estimated t
Page 131 and 132: Table IV.5. Registered projects und
Page 133 and 134: Case Studies Case Study 1: A Tradit
Page 135 and 136: our land.” All agree that forests
Page 137 and 138: The forest around the village was d
Page 139 and 140: Figure IV.2. Value chain analysis W
Page 141 and 142: A popular tourist attraction in Ker
Page 143 and 144: Innovative mechanism for resource g
Page 145 and 146: Outlook for Forestry and Poverty Al
Page 147 and 148: Wood demand. Trees from non-forest
Page 149: their livelihoods. Resolution of po
Page 153 and 154: Saxena. (1999). NTFP policy and the
Page 155: a resolution to control seasonal fi
Page 158 and 159: (MoF 2009). A study by the TREES Pr
Page 160 and 161: is caused by (i) lack of recognitio
Page 162 and 163: that the development of the Kaliman
Page 164 and 165: plantations on community lands. How
Page 166 and 167: as the subsistence, livelihood and
Page 168 and 169: As of 2010, MoF was able to issue 2
Page 170 and 171: for HTI projects. The finding under
Page 172 and 173: do not follow these agreements or a
Page 174 and 175: Satyawati’s (1991) field research
Page 176 and 177: Morgan’s investigation (2011) of
Page 178 and 179: intercropping in at least 0.25-0.5
Page 180 and 181: Challenges and ways forward In the
Page 182 and 183: Challenges The target buyers of the
Page 184 and 185: end or scale down their operations.
Page 186 and 187: Increasing the Benefits from Large-
Page 188 and 189: Kayoi, M. et. al. (2006). Poverty a
Page 190 and 191: World Bank. (2006a). Sustaining eco
Page 192 and 193: in neighboring countries that incre
Page 194 and 195: Poverty Situation Despite the signi
Page 196 and 197: Subsistence Use of Forests and Allo
Page 198 and 199: allocated for communities to manage
Page 200 and 201:
growth, increased per capita income
Page 202 and 203:
of 311 villages (38%) preparing the
Page 204 and 205:
Figure VI.1. Important household in
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Recently, Lao PDR was selected as o
Page 208 and 209:
in this case study are based on the
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The contribution of NWFPs to the wh
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4% A brief about Ban Xom Figure VI.
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Table VI.6. Villagers’ opinion on
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The purpose of the SEMFOP 1 was to
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In addition, rice production was re
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mostly to reducing rural poverty. I
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• Enhancingexistingmechanismsands
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18, 2009. National Agriculture and
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(Table VII.2). Government-managed f
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to 2006. On the other hand, the hum
Page 230 and 231:
The community based forest manageme
Page 232 and 233:
for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
Page 234 and 235:
grass and fodder production in both
Page 236 and 237:
Timber market values vary according
Page 238 and 239:
LF area forest Area coverage (ha) N
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as tree cover, biodiversity, NWFP,
Page 242 and 243:
Operational management The operatio
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With regard to timber use, Jaspur C
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the primary forest products that co
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It is not surprising to note that t
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there is a greater chance of progra
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from poor and marginalized families
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Chand, P. B. and Ghimire, K. (2007)
Page 256 and 257:
RECOFTC & FAO. (2009). Is there fut
Page 258 and 259:
Shearman et al. (2008) estimated th
Page 260 and 261:
markets and basic services like hea
Page 262 and 263:
Figure VIII.2. Land and poverty ind
Page 264 and 265:
those in the rural areas, to mobili
Page 266 and 267:
Past and Current Contribution of Fo
Page 268 and 269:
Village industries Village industri
Page 270 and 271:
Government continues to be the prim
Page 272 and 273:
Carbon payments PNG does not have a
Page 274 and 275:
annually and harvest and process an
Page 276 and 277:
The project generally improved the
Page 278 and 279:
and no follow-up was done to sustai
Page 280 and 281:
Forestry being a renewable resource
Page 282 and 283:
Melnick, D., McNeely,J., Navaro, Y.
Page 284 and 285:
Table IX.1. Philippine forest cover
Page 286 and 287:
Livelihood and poverty context in t
Page 288 and 289:
and basic services like health and
Page 290 and 291:
services and quality of human devel
Page 292 and 293:
CBFM is still recognized as a major
Page 294 and 295:
In many parts of the country, colle
Page 296 and 297:
Small-scale Commercial Forestry Non
Page 298 and 299:
Tree plantations from IFMA and smal
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CARAGA region in the Philippines is
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eduction in the log supply contract
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viable spheres of production for sm
Page 306 and 307:
3. Ensure sustainability of raw mat
Page 308 and 309:
Garcia, B. Jr. (2005, December 1).
Page 310 and 311:
Table X.1. Forest area by region, 1
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With the country’s remarkable gai
Page 314 and 315:
Table X.3. Government agencies invo
Page 316 and 317:
Table X.5. Registration of the poor
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poor. What reshaping meant in pract
Page 320 and 321:
Community title The solutions to pr
Page 322 and 323:
for commercial uses up to 2009 were
Page 324 and 325:
demarcated the boundary. At present
Page 326 and 327:
was not degraded forest but that it
Page 328 and 329:
to the livelihoods of rural people.
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• No tree cutting is allowed in t
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“I have never regretted all the f
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costs. The service providers were i
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1. safeguarding and restoring the n
Page 338 and 339:
is, and their right to participate.
Page 340 and 341:
Linking Reforestation, Poverty Alle
Page 342 and 343:
Office of National Economic and Soc
Page 344 and 345:
mountain people (Ha 2009). Presentl
Page 346 and 347:
However, while overall poverty leve
Page 348 and 349:
one of the best forms of management
Page 350 and 351:
26.2% of the total area of forest l
Page 352 and 353:
Box XI.2. Factors constraining FLA
Page 354 and 355:
average to reach US$ 700-800 millio
Page 356 and 357:
River delta and Mekong River delta
Page 358 and 359:
However, Tran (2009) pointed out th
Page 360 and 361:
The Contribution of Traditional Com
Page 362 and 363:
Fuel wood collected from forests is
Page 364 and 365:
The Contribution of Viet Nam Forest
Page 366 and 367:
are provided both input and output
Page 368 and 369:
the PES fund per year, compared to
Page 370 and 371:
Viet Nam’s forestry development s
Page 372 and 373:
Decree 99/2010/ND-CP on the policy
Page 374 and 375:
Sustainable poverty reduction perio
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