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Pr Ntr Kmt World Religious Calendar Pagan Holy Days

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<strong>World</strong> <strong>Religious</strong> <strong>Calendar</strong> 768<br />

Roman information<br />

a.d. VII Id. Quin. or a.d. VII Id. Ivl.<br />

7 days before the Ides of July<br />

Month: Quintilis or Quinctilis or Ivlivs or Julius<br />

The a.d. VII Id. designation means ante diem or seven “days before” the Ides (Full Moon) of the<br />

month. When counting days, the Romans included both the start and end day (in modern Western<br />

culture, we skip the start day). When the Romans switched to a solar calendar, they continued to use the<br />

lunar day names.<br />

The Roman month of Quintilis (or Quinctilis) is named for quin, because it was originally the fifth<br />

month of the Roman solar year. In 45 BCE, the Roman Senate renamed the month Julius (July), for then<br />

Roman Emperor Julius Caesar. July was sacred to Jupiter (Ivppiter), Roman King of Gods.<br />

The earliest Roman months were lunar. According to Roman mythology, the ten month solar calendar<br />

aligned to the vernal equinox was introduced by Romulus, the founder of Rome, around 753 BCE. In<br />

Romulus’ calendar, Quintilis (the fifth month) had 31 days. Numa Pompilius, the second of the seven<br />

traditional kings of Rome, added two more months, for a 12 month year. In Numa’s calendar, July had<br />

31 days. Gaius Julius Caesar, as Pontifex Maximus (supreme bridge-builder, a religious title),<br />

reorganized the calendar on the first day of 45 BCE. In Caesar’s calendar (the Julian <strong>Calendar</strong>), July had<br />

31 days. Caesar’s calendar was calculated by Sosigenes, an Egyptian astrologer/astronomer. The Roman<br />

Senate changed the name of the month Quintilis to Julius (July) in honor of the Roman Emperor Julius<br />

Caesar. In 8 BCE, Augustus Caesar fixed errors by pontiffs after Julius’ death and made other minor<br />

modifications, resulting in the modern Western calendar. The modern Gregorian <strong>Calendar</strong>, named for<br />

Roman Catholic Pope Gregory the Thirteenth, was a realignment in 1582.<br />

Today totals 9 in modern Western numerology.<br />

numerology<br />

768 of 1413 7/14/08 9:29 AM

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