Guide to LaTeX (4th Edition) (Tools and Techniques

13.1. The picture environment 293
The positioning argument of a picture box has the same effect on the
enclosed vertical box as it does on a line of text, in that the whole box is
treated as a single unit.
Exercise 13.3: Reproduce the organization table below with the boxes and
included text but without the horizontal and vertical lines and arrows. These
will be part of the next exercise.
Hint: first draw the boxes on a piece of squared paper so that the edges of the
boxes lie on the printed rules. Select the unit of length to be the rule spacing
of the paper. Take as the origin the lower left corner of an imaginary frame
surrounding the entire diagram.
Scientific
Advisors
✻
Directorate
Managing Director
Trustees
Science Administration Technical Head
Project planning and
managing
Projects Services Stores Phys. Plant Workshops Labs
Development
Analysis
Theory
Straight lines
✛
✛
Library
Computer
facilities
✛ ✲ ✛ ✲
Orders
Receiving
Customs
Personnel
Bookkeeping
including
general
services
✛ ✲
Staff planning
Drafting
Project
hardware
construction
Project
working
groups
In the picture environment, L AT E X can draw straight lines of any length,
horizontally and vertically as well as at a limited number of angles. The
syntax for this picture element reads
\line(∆x,∆y){length}
For horizontal and vertical lines, length specifies how long the line is to be
in length units. For lines at an angle, it has a somewhat more complicated
meaning, as is explained below. The line begins at that spot given by the
placement coordinates in the \put or \multiput command.
✠
(0,0)
(7.5,0)
❅
❅❘
\thicklines
\put(0,0){\line(1,0){6}}
\put(0,0){\line(0,1){1}}
\put(6,0){\line(0,1){0.5}}
The angle at which the line is drawn is given by the slope pair (∆x,∆y).
The slope pair (1,0), in which ∆x = 1 and ∆y = 0, produces a horizontal
line, while the pair (0,1) leads to a vertical line. This is illustrated in the
above example.
In general (∆x,∆y) has the following meaning: