Guide to LaTeX (4th Edition) (Tools and Techniques

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518 Appendix H. Command Summary \begin{eqnarray*} [m] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (5.4.7) – 138 Is the same as the eqnarray environment except that no equation numbers are printed. \begin{equation} [m] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (5.1) – 120 Switches from text to displayed math mode to produce a formula on a line by itself, including an automatic sequential equation number. \begin{falign} [a] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (12.2.6) – 275 With the amsmath package, is the same as the align environment except that spacing is inserted between the column pairs to fill up the entire line. \begin{figure}[loc] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (7.1) – 169 Float environment for entering text for a figure. The optional argument loc can be any combination of the letters h, t, b, and p to determine the various positioning possibilities. Default is tbp. The character ! may additionally be given to ignore all float spacing and number restrictions set by the float style parameters. \begin{figure*}[loc] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (7.1) – 169 The same as the figure environment except that the figure is inserted over the width of two columns when the option twocolumn or the command \twocolumn has been selected. The standard form figure will only fill the width of one column. \begin{filecontents}{file name} [p] . . . . . . . . . (D.2.9) – 448 An environment that may be given only before \documentclass, it writes its lines literally to a file of the specified name, if that file does not already exist. It also adds comment lines stating its source. In this way, non-standard files may be included in the main document file for shipment to other installations. If a file with the stated name already exists, it is not overwritten, but a warning message is issued. \begin{filecontents*}{file name} [p] . . . . . . . . (D.2.9) – 448 Is the same as the filecontents environment, except that no comment lines are written to the file. The file will contain exactly the contents of the environment, and nothing more. \begin{flushleft} . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (4.2.2) – 67 Start of the flushleft environment in which each line of text is left justified, that is, it begins flush with the left margin but is not expanded to match the right edge. The equivalent declaration is \raggedright. \begin{flushright} . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (4.2.2) – 67 Start of the flushright environment in which each line of text is right justified, that is, the right-hand side is flush with the right margin, but the line is not expanded to start exactly at the left edge. The equivalent declaration is \raggedleft.
H.1. Brief description of the L AT E X commands 519 \begin{gather} [a] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (12.2.6) – 273 With the amsmath package, switches to displayed math mode to produce several lines of equations, all centered with no alignment. Lines are terminated by \\ commands. Each line receives an equation number, unless the *-form of the environment has been selected. \begin{gathered}[pos] [m][a] . . . . . . . . . . . . (12.2.6) – 276 With the amsmath package, is like the gather environment but is used as an element within math mode. The optional argument pos determines the vertical positioning relative to neighboring elements: t or b for top or bottom, no argument for centering. \begin{itemize} . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (4.3.1) – 69 Start of the itemize environment for producing labeled, indented listings. The type of label depends on the depth of nesting; at the first level it is a • generated by each \item command. \begin{longtable} . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (4.8.4) – 108 With the longtable package, begins a table with the same syntax as tabular but which will continue to other pages as necessary. The head and footlines on the continued pages can be specified, terminated with \endhead, \endfirsthead, \endfoot, \endlastfoot. \begin{letter}{recipient} . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (16.1) – 352 Start of a letter with the document class letter. Name and address of the recipient are given within the second pair of brackets; lines of text within this argument are ended with the command \\. \begin{list}{standard label}{list decl} . . . . . . . . . (4.4) – 74 Start of a generalized list environment. The label is defined by standard label, which is generated by each \item command. The desired list declarations are contained in list decl (see page 75). \begin{lrbox}{\boxname} . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (4.7.1) – 87 Functions in a way similar to the command \sbox, except that it is the text of the environment that is stored in the LR box named \boxname, which has previously been created with \newsavebox{\boxname}. The contents of the box may be printed as often as desired with \usebox{\boxname}. \begin{math} . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (5.1) – 119 Switches from text to in-line math mode to produce formulas within a line of text. This environment has the same effect as \( or $ in text mode. \begin{matrix} [m][a] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (12.2.4) – 266 With the amsmath package, is the same as the array environment except that the column specifier argument may be omitted, without
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A Guide to LAT E X and Electronic P
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Trademark notices METAFONT is a tra
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viii Preface example, the section o
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x CONTENTS 4.6 Tabulator stops . .
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xii CONTENTS B The L AT E X Clockwo
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xiv CONTENTS H.22 A M S Greek and H
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1 1.1 Just what is L AT E X? To sum
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He took a {\bf bold step} forward.
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1.3. T E X and its offspring 7 Alth
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1.3. T E X and its offspring 9 Font
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1.5. Basics of a L AT E X file 11 v
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1.5. Basics of a L AT E X file 13 c
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1.6. T E X processing procedure 15
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2 Text, Symbols, and Commands The t
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2.2. Environments 19 a punctuation
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2.4. Lengths 21 Declarations made w
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2.5. Special characters 23 Instead
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2.5. Special characters 25 which de
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2.5.11 The date 2.6. Exercises 27 T
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2.7. Fine-tuning text 29 simply a s
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2.7. Fine-tuning text 31 Any combin
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\bigskip \medskip \smallskip 2.7. F
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2.8. Word division 35 that works (a
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3 3.1 Document class Document Layou
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3.1. Document class 39 pages and on
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3.1. Document class 41 space betwee
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The command \thispagestyle{style} 3
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3.2. Page style 45 In many classes,
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3.2. Page style 47 There is a recen
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3.2. Page style 49 forget the 1 inc
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3.2. Page style 51 As you see, the
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\title{% How to Write DVI Drivers}
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3.3.2 Abstract The abstract is prod
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3.3. Parts of the document 57 (The
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3.4. Table of contents 59 given at
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4 Displayed Text There are a variet
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\tiny smallest \scriptsize very sma
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4.1. Changing font 65 that a font e
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4.2 Centering and indenting 4.2.1 C
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4.3 Lists 4.3. Lists 69 Exercise 4.
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4.3. Lists 71 The \item[option] com
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4.3. Lists 73 label. For the enumer
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4.4. Generalized lists 75 However,
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4.4. Generalized lists 77 normally
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4.4. Generalized lists 79 item are
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4.6. Tabulator stops 81 which also
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4.6.4 Further tabbing commands 4.6.
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4.7. Boxes 85 tentative 2004 = $100
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4.7. Boxes 87 To make a framed box
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This is a 3.5 cm wide parbox. It is
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4.7. Boxes 91 The optional argument
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4.7. Boxes 93 contents as a unit wi
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4.8. Tables 95 This package also al
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4.8. Tables 97 If the left or right
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4.8. Tables 99 Position Club Games
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4.8. Tables 101 4 & Daysdon Bombers
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4.8. Tables 103 The \raisebox comma
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4.8. Tables 105 terminate the row i
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4.8. Tables 107 Package: The array
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Primary Energy Consumption 4.8. Tab
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4.9. Printing literal text 111 \ver
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4.10. Footnotes and marginal notes
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5 Mathematical Formulas Mathematics
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5.2. Main elements of math mode 121
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5.2.5 Sums and integrals 5.2. Main
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5.3.1 Greek letters 5.3. Mathematic
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5.3. Mathematical symbols 127 < \no
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5.3. Mathematical symbols 129 Some
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5.4. Additional elements 131 articl
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5.4.2 Ordinary text within a formul
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5.4. Additional elements 135 \[ \su
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123 a + b + · · · + y +z
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left formula & mid formula & right
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5.4. Additional elements 141 Exerci
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5.4. Additional elements 143 5.4.9
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5.5 Fine-tuning mathematics 5.5.1 H
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a0 + a1 + 1 a2 + 1 1 a3 + 1 a4 5.5.
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5.5. Fine-tuning mathematics 149 \a
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5.6. Beyond standard L AT E X 151 4
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154 Chapter 6. Graphics Inclusion a
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170 Chapter 7. Floating tables and
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182 Chapter 8. User Customizations
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9 Document Management This chapter
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9.1. Processing parts of a document
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9.1.3 Monitor input and output 9.1.
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9.2 In-text references 9.2. In-text
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9.2. In-text references 215 can be
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9.3. Bibliographies 217 by means of
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9.3. Bibliographies 219 by the last
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\bibitem [short(year)long] {key} .
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9.3. Bibliographies 223 sectionbib
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9.4 Keyword index 9.4. Keyword inde
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9.4. Keyword index 227 An entry may
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9.4. Keyword index 229 number of op
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10 PostScript and PDF PostScript is
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10.1. L AT E X and PostScript 233 A
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10.1. L AT E X and PostScript 235 T
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10.2. Portable Document Format 237
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252 Chapter 11. Multilingual L AT E
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258 Chapter 12. Math Extensions wit
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13 Drawing with LAT E X The inclusi
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13.1. The picture environment 289 w
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Picture boxes—rectangles 13.1. Th
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13.1. The picture environment 293 T
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\vector(∆x,∆y){length} 13.1. Th
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13.1. The picture environment 297 d
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\frame{pic elem} 13.1. The picture
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13.1. The picture environment 301 T
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13.2. Extended pictures 303 \matrix
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13.2. Extended pictures 305 The def
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13.3 Other drawing packages 13.3.1
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14 Bibliographic Databases and BIBT
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14.2. Creating a bibliographic data
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} note = {} 14.3. Customizing bibli
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15 Presentation Material So far we
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as \documentclass{slides} preamble
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15.1. Slide production with SLIT E
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15.1. Slide production with SLIT E
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15.2. Slide production with seminar
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Local configuration 15.2. Slide pro
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15.3. Electronic documents for scre
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15.4. Special effects with PDF 343
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Package: background \Replace pages
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352 Chapter 16. Letters in the prea
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354 Chapter 16. Letters A sample le
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356 Chapter 16. Letters without a c
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358 Chapter 16. Letters properly po
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360 Chapter 16. Letters \DeclareOpt
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362 Chapter 16. Letters {\viiisf\un
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364 Chapter 16. Letters \ifthenelse
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A The New Font Selection Scheme (NF
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A.1. Font attributes under NFSS 369
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A.2. Simplified font selection 371
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A.3.2 Defining font commands A.3. I
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A.3. Installing fonts with NFSS 375
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A.3. Installing fonts with NFSS 377
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\renewcommand{\rmdefault}{ptm} \ren
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B The LAT E X Clockwork In this app
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Figure B.1: The T E XLive welcome B
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B.1. Installing L AT E X 385 fontte
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B.2 Obtaining the Adobe euro fonts
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B.4. The CTAN server 389 dvipdfm (S
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B.5 Additional standard files B.5.
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B.5. Additional standard files 393
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B.5. Additional standard files 395
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B.6. The various L AT E X files 397
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B.6. The various L AT E X files 399
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C Error Messages Errors are bound t
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C.1. Basic structure of error messa
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C.2 Some sample errors C.2.1 Error
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C.2. Some sample errors 411 The las
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C.2. Some sample errors 413 message
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C.3. List of L AT E X error message
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! LaTeX Error: No \title given. C.3
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C.3.2 L AT E X package errors C.3.
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! Extra alignment tab has been chan
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C.4. T E X error messages 427 the t
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C.5. Warnings 429 the result of an
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LaTeX Warning: No \author given. C.
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C.5.3 L AT E X font warnings C.5. W
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C.6. Search for subtle errors 435 b
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D LAT E X Programming In this appen
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D.1. Class and package files 439 \p
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l.1 \NeedsTeXFormat {LaTeX2e} D.2.
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D.2. L AT E X programming commands
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\begin{filecontents}{mymacros} \new
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\noexpand \expandafter D.3. Sample
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D.3. Sample packages 453 \setboolea
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D.3. Sample packages 455 \newcomman
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D.3. Sample packages 457 sec-name:
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The priest fulfills several functio
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\ifcase command (page 451). D.5. Di
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D.7. Managing code and documentatio
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D.7. Managing code and documentatio
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Page 483 and 484: Integrity tests D.7. Managing code
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Page 488 and 489: 476 Appendix E. L AT E X and World
Page 496 and 497: 484 Appendix F. Obsolete L AT E X r
Page 498 and 499: 486 Appendix F. Obsolete L AT E X t
Page 500 and 501: 488 Appendix G. T E X Fonts or for
Page 502 and 503: 490 Appendix G. T E X Fonts A book
Page 504 and 505: 492 Appendix G. T E X Fonts 0 1 2 3
Page 506 and 507: 494 Appendix G. T E X Fonts Package
Page 510 and 511: 498 Appendix G. T E X Fonts The pri
Page 516 and 517: 504 Appendix G. T E X Fonts own. Th
Page 518 and 519: 506 Appendix G. T E X Fonts viewing
Page 520 and 521: 508 Appendix H. Command Summary " .
Page 522 and 523: 510 Appendix H. Command Summary \<
Page 524 and 525: 512 Appendix H. Command Summary \a=
Page 526 and 527: 514 Appendix H. Command Summary \ap
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Page 546 and 547: 534 Appendix H. Command Summary \De
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568 Appendix H. Command Summary \pa
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570 Appendix H. Command Summary \pa
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572 Appendix H. Command Summary \Pr
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574 Appendix H. Command Summary \re
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576 Appendix H. Command Summary \ro
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578 Appendix H. Command Summary \se
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580 Appendix H. Command Summary \si
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582 Appendix H. Command Summary \su
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584 Appendix H. Command Summary \te
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586 Appendix H. Command Summary \te
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588 Appendix H. Command Summary top
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590 Appendix H. Command Summary \un
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592 Appendix H. Command Summary \va
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594 Appendix H. Command Summary \wi
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596 Appendix H. Command Summary Tab
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602 Appendix H. Command Summary ✲
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604 Appendix H. Command Summary Rem
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606 BIBLIOGRAPHY Knuth D. E. (1986e
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608 INDEX \= (¯ accent), 24, 510 \
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610 INDEX \Hat, 263, 546 \hdotsfor,
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612 INDEX creating, 311 cross-refer
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614 INDEX \chi, 125, 528 chicago pa
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616 INDEX \dbltextfloatsep, 172, 53
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618 INDEX e.tex, 394, 413 EC fonts,
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620 INDEX \exp, 128, 541 \expandaft
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622 INDEX cmr10 (standard), 492 cms
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624 INDEX Gaulle, Bernard, 251 \gcd
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626 INDEX initex, 6, 251, 253, 256,
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628 INDEX L AT E X standard, 351-6
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630 INDEX \mathscr, 284 \mathsf, 13
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632 INDEX \oint, 128, 565 \Omega, 1
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634 INDEX two-column, 38, 51 two-si
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636 INDEX plain page style, 42, 45,
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638 INDEX \rightharpoondown, 127, 5
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640 INDEX slide environment (slides
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642 INDEX column repetition, 96 col
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644 INDEX \texttt, 65, 88, 372, 585
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646 INDEX \varrho, 125, 591 \varsig
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