Guide to LaTeX (4th Edition) (Tools and Techniques

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532 Appendix H. Command Summary \dblfloatsep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (7.3) – 172 For two-column page formatting, the vertical spacing between floats that extend over both columns. A new value is set with the \setlength command: \setlength{\dblfloatsep}{12pt plus 2pt minus 4pt} \dbltextfloatsep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (7.3) – 172 For two-column page formatting, the vertical spacing between floats extending over both columns at the top of the page and the following text. A new value is set with the \setlength command. \dbltopfraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (7.3) – 172 For two-column page formatting, the maximum fraction of a page that may be occupied at the top by floats extending over both columns. A new value is assigned with \renewcommand{\dbltopfraction}{decimal frac}. dbltopnumber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (7.3) – 172 For two-column page formatting, the maximum number of floats that may appear at the top of a page extending over both columns. A new value is assigned with \setcounter{dbltopnumber}{num}. \ddag produces ‡ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (2.5.5) – 23 \ddagger [m] produces ‡ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (5.3.3) – 125 \dddot{x} [m][a] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (12.2.2) – 263 With the amsmath package, a triple dot accent in math formulas: \dddot{a} = ... a. \ddddot{x} [m][a] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (12.2.2) – 263 With the amsmath package, a four-dot accent in math formulas: \ddddot{a} = .... a . \ddot{x} [m] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (5.3.9) – 129 A double dot accent in mathematical formulas: \ddot{a} = ä. \Ddot{x} [m][a] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (12.2.2) – 263 With the amsmath package, can be used like \ddot, but with multiple A M S-L AT E X math accents the positioning will be correct. \ddots [m] produces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (5.2.6) – 123 \DeclareErrorFont{code}{fam}{ser}{shp}{sz} [p] . . (A.3.6) – 376 If no valid font can be found, even after substituting the attributes as given by \DeclareFontSubstitution, the font declared with this command is selected as a last resort.
H.1. Brief description of the L AT E X commands 533 \DeclareFixedFont{\cmd}{code}{fam}{ser}{shp}{sz} [p] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A.3.2) – 373 Defines \cmd to be a font declaration that selects a font with the fixed attributes given in the definition. \DeclareFontEncoding{code}{text set}{math set} [p] . (A.3.6) – 376 Declares code to be the name of a new encoding scheme; text set is a set of commands that is to be executed when switching to text mode, math set a set for math mode. \DeclareFontEncodingDefaults{text set}{math set} [p] (A.3.6) – 376 Declares the sets of commands to be executed by all encodings when switching to text and math modes; the additional commands specific to each encoding are executed afterwards. \DeclareFontFamily{code}{fam}{opt} [p] . . . . . . (A.3.6) – 376 Declares fam to be a new font family with the encoding code; the encoding must previously have been declared. The commands in opt are executed every time this family is selected. \DeclareFontShape{code}{fam}{ser}{shp}{def }{opt} [p] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (A.3.6) – 377 Associates external font names with the given font attribute values; the actual definition def relates font sizes to font names, as explained on page 377. The commands in opt are executed every time this shape is selected. \DeclareFontSubstitution{code}{fam}{ser}{shp} [p] (A.3.6) – 376 Declares the font attributes that are to be substituted in case there is no valid font corresponding to the set of attributes selected. The order of substitution is shape, series, and family; the encoding is never substituted. \DeclareGraphicsExtensions{ext list} [p] . . . . . . . (6.1.7) – 165 Establishes the list of default extensions for graphics files that can be imported with the \includegraphics command and the graphics or graphicx packages; ext list is a comma-separated list of file extensions, such as .eps,.ps. \DeclareGraphicsRule{ext}{type}{bb}{cmd} [p] . . . (6.1.7) – 165 Associates a graphics file extension ext with a graphics file type and a file extension (bb) where the bounding box information is to be read, and an operating command (cmd) that is to be executed on the file to make it available for importation. For example \DeclareGraphicsRule{.eps.gz}{eps} {.eps.bb}{‘gunzip -c #1} Here the command must be prefixed with ‘ and #1 represents the name of the file to be processed.
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A Guide to LAT E X and Electronic P
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Trademark notices METAFONT is a tra
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viii Preface example, the section o
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x CONTENTS 4.6 Tabulator stops . .
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xii CONTENTS B The L AT E X Clockwo
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xiv CONTENTS H.22 A M S Greek and H
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1 1.1 Just what is L AT E X? To sum
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He took a {\bf bold step} forward.
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1.3. T E X and its offspring 7 Alth
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1.3. T E X and its offspring 9 Font
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1.5. Basics of a L AT E X file 11 v
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1.5. Basics of a L AT E X file 13 c
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1.6. T E X processing procedure 15
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2 Text, Symbols, and Commands The t
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2.2. Environments 19 a punctuation
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2.4. Lengths 21 Declarations made w
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2.5. Special characters 23 Instead
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2.5. Special characters 25 which de
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2.5.11 The date 2.6. Exercises 27 T
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2.7. Fine-tuning text 29 simply a s
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2.7. Fine-tuning text 31 Any combin
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\bigskip \medskip \smallskip 2.7. F
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2.8. Word division 35 that works (a
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3 3.1 Document class Document Layou
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3.1. Document class 39 pages and on
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3.1. Document class 41 space betwee
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The command \thispagestyle{style} 3
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3.2. Page style 45 In many classes,
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3.2. Page style 47 There is a recen
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3.2. Page style 49 forget the 1 inc
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3.2. Page style 51 As you see, the
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\title{% How to Write DVI Drivers}
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3.3.2 Abstract The abstract is prod
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3.3. Parts of the document 57 (The
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3.4. Table of contents 59 given at
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4 Displayed Text There are a variet
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\tiny smallest \scriptsize very sma
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4.1. Changing font 65 that a font e
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4.2 Centering and indenting 4.2.1 C
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4.3 Lists 4.3. Lists 69 Exercise 4.
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4.3. Lists 71 The \item[option] com
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4.3. Lists 73 label. For the enumer
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4.4. Generalized lists 75 However,
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4.4. Generalized lists 77 normally
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4.4. Generalized lists 79 item are
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4.6. Tabulator stops 81 which also
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4.6.4 Further tabbing commands 4.6.
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4.7. Boxes 85 tentative 2004 = $100
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4.7. Boxes 87 To make a framed box
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This is a 3.5 cm wide parbox. It is
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4.7. Boxes 91 The optional argument
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4.7. Boxes 93 contents as a unit wi
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4.8. Tables 95 This package also al
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4.8. Tables 97 If the left or right
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4.8. Tables 99 Position Club Games
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4.8. Tables 101 4 & Daysdon Bombers
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4.8. Tables 103 The \raisebox comma
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4.8. Tables 105 terminate the row i
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4.8. Tables 107 Package: The array
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Primary Energy Consumption 4.8. Tab
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4.9. Printing literal text 111 \ver
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4.10. Footnotes and marginal notes
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5 Mathematical Formulas Mathematics
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5.2. Main elements of math mode 121
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5.2.5 Sums and integrals 5.2. Main
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5.3.1 Greek letters 5.3. Mathematic
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5.3. Mathematical symbols 127 < \no
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5.3. Mathematical symbols 129 Some
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5.4. Additional elements 131 articl
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5.4.2 Ordinary text within a formul
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5.4. Additional elements 135 \[ \su
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123 a + b + · · · + y +z
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left formula & mid formula & right
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5.4. Additional elements 141 Exerci
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5.4. Additional elements 143 5.4.9
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5.5 Fine-tuning mathematics 5.5.1 H
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a0 + a1 + 1 a2 + 1 1 a3 + 1 a4 5.5.
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5.5. Fine-tuning mathematics 149 \a
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5.6. Beyond standard L AT E X 151 4
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154 Chapter 6. Graphics Inclusion a
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170 Chapter 7. Floating tables and
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182 Chapter 8. User Customizations
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9 Document Management This chapter
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9.1. Processing parts of a document
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9.1.3 Monitor input and output 9.1.
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9.2 In-text references 9.2. In-text
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9.2. In-text references 215 can be
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9.3. Bibliographies 217 by means of
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9.3. Bibliographies 219 by the last
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\bibitem [short(year)long] {key} .
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9.3. Bibliographies 223 sectionbib
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9.4 Keyword index 9.4. Keyword inde
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9.4. Keyword index 227 An entry may
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9.4. Keyword index 229 number of op
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10 PostScript and PDF PostScript is
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10.1. L AT E X and PostScript 233 A
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10.1. L AT E X and PostScript 235 T
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10.2. Portable Document Format 237
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252 Chapter 11. Multilingual L AT E
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258 Chapter 12. Math Extensions wit
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13 Drawing with LAT E X The inclusi
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13.1. The picture environment 289 w
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Picture boxes—rectangles 13.1. Th
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13.1. The picture environment 293 T
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\vector(∆x,∆y){length} 13.1. Th
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13.1. The picture environment 297 d
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\frame{pic elem} 13.1. The picture
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13.1. The picture environment 301 T
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13.2. Extended pictures 303 \matrix
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13.2. Extended pictures 305 The def
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13.3 Other drawing packages 13.3.1
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14 Bibliographic Databases and BIBT
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14.2. Creating a bibliographic data
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} note = {} 14.3. Customizing bibli
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15 Presentation Material So far we
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as \documentclass{slides} preamble
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15.1. Slide production with SLIT E
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15.1. Slide production with SLIT E
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15.2. Slide production with seminar
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Local configuration 15.2. Slide pro
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15.3. Electronic documents for scre
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15.4. Special effects with PDF 343
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Package: background \Replace pages
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352 Chapter 16. Letters in the prea
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354 Chapter 16. Letters A sample le
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356 Chapter 16. Letters without a c
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358 Chapter 16. Letters properly po
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360 Chapter 16. Letters \DeclareOpt
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362 Chapter 16. Letters {\viiisf\un
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364 Chapter 16. Letters \ifthenelse
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A The New Font Selection Scheme (NF
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A.1. Font attributes under NFSS 369
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A.2. Simplified font selection 371
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A.3.2 Defining font commands A.3. I
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A.3. Installing fonts with NFSS 375
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A.3. Installing fonts with NFSS 377
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\renewcommand{\rmdefault}{ptm} \ren
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B The LAT E X Clockwork In this app
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Figure B.1: The T E XLive welcome B
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B.1. Installing L AT E X 385 fontte
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B.2 Obtaining the Adobe euro fonts
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B.4. The CTAN server 389 dvipdfm (S
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B.5 Additional standard files B.5.
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B.5. Additional standard files 393
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B.5. Additional standard files 395
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B.6. The various L AT E X files 397
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B.6. The various L AT E X files 399
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C Error Messages Errors are bound t
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C.1. Basic structure of error messa
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C.2 Some sample errors C.2.1 Error
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C.2. Some sample errors 411 The las
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C.2. Some sample errors 413 message
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C.3. List of L AT E X error message
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! LaTeX Error: No \title given. C.3
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C.3.2 L AT E X package errors C.3.
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! Extra alignment tab has been chan
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C.4. T E X error messages 427 the t
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C.5. Warnings 429 the result of an
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LaTeX Warning: No \author given. C.
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C.5.3 L AT E X font warnings C.5. W
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C.6. Search for subtle errors 435 b
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D LAT E X Programming In this appen
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D.1. Class and package files 439 \p
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l.1 \NeedsTeXFormat {LaTeX2e} D.2.
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D.2. L AT E X programming commands
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\begin{filecontents}{mymacros} \new
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\noexpand \expandafter D.3. Sample
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D.3. Sample packages 453 \setboolea
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D.3. Sample packages 455 \newcomman
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D.3. Sample packages 457 sec-name:
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The priest fulfills several functio
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\ifcase command (page 451). D.5. Di
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D.7. Managing code and documentatio
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\StopEventually{final text} D.7. Ma
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Integrity tests D.7. Managing code
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476 Appendix E. L AT E X and World
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Page 494 and 495: 482 Appendix E. L AT E X and World
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Page 500 and 501: 488 Appendix G. T E X Fonts or for
Page 502 and 503: 490 Appendix G. T E X Fonts A book
Page 504 and 505: 492 Appendix G. T E X Fonts 0 1 2 3
Page 506 and 507: 494 Appendix G. T E X Fonts Package
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Page 516 and 517: 504 Appendix G. T E X Fonts own. Th
Page 518 and 519: 506 Appendix G. T E X Fonts viewing
Page 520 and 521: 508 Appendix H. Command Summary " .
Page 522 and 523: 510 Appendix H. Command Summary \<
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582 Appendix H. Command Summary \su
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584 Appendix H. Command Summary \te
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586 Appendix H. Command Summary \te
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588 Appendix H. Command Summary top
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590 Appendix H. Command Summary \un
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592 Appendix H. Command Summary \va
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594 Appendix H. Command Summary \wi
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596 Appendix H. Command Summary Tab
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602 Appendix H. Command Summary ✲
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604 Appendix H. Command Summary Rem
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606 BIBLIOGRAPHY Knuth D. E. (1986e
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608 INDEX \= (¯ accent), 24, 510 \
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610 INDEX \Hat, 263, 546 \hdotsfor,
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612 INDEX creating, 311 cross-refer
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614 INDEX \chi, 125, 528 chicago pa
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616 INDEX \dbltextfloatsep, 172, 53
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618 INDEX e.tex, 394, 413 EC fonts,
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620 INDEX \exp, 128, 541 \expandaft
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622 INDEX cmr10 (standard), 492 cms
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624 INDEX Gaulle, Bernard, 251 \gcd
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626 INDEX initex, 6, 251, 253, 256,
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628 INDEX L AT E X standard, 351-6
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630 INDEX \mathscr, 284 \mathsf, 13
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632 INDEX \oint, 128, 565 \Omega, 1
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634 INDEX two-column, 38, 51 two-si
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636 INDEX plain page style, 42, 45,
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638 INDEX \rightharpoondown, 127, 5
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640 INDEX slide environment (slides
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642 INDEX column repetition, 96 col
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644 INDEX \texttt, 65, 88, 372, 585
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646 INDEX \varrho, 125, 591 \varsig
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