A glossary of mining and metallurgical terms

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66 A GLOSSARY OF >rTNTNG ANP METALLURGICAL TERMS. Pitwork, Corn. The pumps and other apparatus of the engine shaft. Place. See In place. Placer, Sp. A deposit of valuable mineral, found in particles in alluvium or diluvium, or beds of streams, etc. Gold, tin ore, chromic iron, iron ore, and precious stones are found in placers. By the United States Revised Statutes all deposits not chissed as veins of rock in place are considered placers. Plane. An incline, with tracks, upon which materials are raised in cars by means of a stationary engine, or are lowered by gravity. Plank-fimbering. The lining of a shaft with rectangular plank frames. Plank-tubbing. The lining of a shaft with planks, spiked on the inside of ewr/^.s. Plat. The map of a survey in horizontal projection. Plate-metal. See metal. Plate-shale. A hard argillaceous bed. Platinum- ores. Mixtures of native platinum in grains with vari- ous other metals and minerals. Piatt, Corn. An enlargement of a level near a shaft, where ore may await hoisting, wagons pass each other, etc. Plattner process. See Chlorination. Ptomo, Sp. Lead. Plomo-plata, lead-silver. Plug. A hammer closely resembling the bully. Plumb. 1. Vertical. 2. Soft. Plumbago. Graphite. Plunger. The piston of a force-pump. Plush^copper. Chalcotrichite, a fibrous red copper ore. Pocket. 1. A small body of ore. 2. A natural underground reservoir of water. 3. A receptacle, from which coal, ore, or waste is loaded into wagons or cars. Podar. See Mundic. Pointed boxes. Boxes in the form of inverted pyramids or wedges in which ores, after crushing and sizing, are separated in a current of water. Pole-tools. The tools used in drilling with rods. See Cable-tools. Poling. Stirring a metallic bath (of copper, tin or lead) with a pole of green wood, to cause ebullition and deoxidation in the refin- ing process. Polings. Poles ijscd instead of ])lanks for lagging. Poll, Corn. The head or striking part of a minor's hammer.
A GLOSSARY OF MINING AND METALLURGICAL TERMS. 67 Poll-pick. A pk-l: with a head for breakin*^ away hard partinys in coal-seams or knocking down rock already seamed by blading. Polroz (pronounced Polrose), CoRN. The pit underneath a water- wheel. Ponsard furnace. A furnace in which the escaping combustion- gases, passing through tubular flues, heat the incoming air continu- ously through the flue-walls. Poppet-heach', Corn. A timber frame over a shaft to carry the hoisting pulley. Post. 1. A pillar of coal or ore. 2. An upright timber. Post furnace. See Pernot furnace. Post-and-stall. A mode of working coal, in which so much is left as pillar and so much is taken away, forming rooms and thir- lings. The method is called also bord-and-pillar, pillar-and-breast, etc. Potstone. Compact steatite. Potter's clay and Pipe-clay. Pure plastic clay, free from iron, and consequently white after burning. Poicer-drill. See Rock-drill. Precious metals. See Noble metals. . Precipitation process. The treatment of lead ores by direct fusion with metallic iron or slags or ores rich in iron; performed generally in a shaftfurnace, rarely in a reverberatory. Often combined with the roasting and reduction process. Prian, Corn. Soft white clay. Pricker. See Needle. Prill, Corn. 1. The best ore after cobbing. 2. See Button. Pringap. The distance between two mining possessions in Der- byshire. Produce. 1. The marketable ores or minerals produced by mining and dressing. 2. Corn. The amount of fine copper in one hun- dred parts of ore. Producer. See Gas-producer. Prop. A timber set to carry a roof or other weight acting by compression in the direction of the axis. Prop-crib timbering. Shaft-timbering with cribs kept at the proper distance apart by meajis of props. Prospecting. Searching for new deposits; also, preliminary ex- plorations to test the value of lodes or placers. The prospect is good or bad.
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A glossary of mining and metallurgical terms

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