A glossary of mining and metallurgical terms
A glossary of mining and metallurgical terms
A glossary of mining and metallurgical terms
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A GLOSSARY OF MINING AND METALLURGICAL TERMS. 91<br />
water, <strong>and</strong> placed to protect the ti/mp-arc/i, or arch over the dam, in<br />
a blast furnace having o, fore-hearth. (See Open front.)<br />
Under-h<strong>and</strong>. See Slope.<br />
TJnderlayer , Corn. A vertical shaft sunk to cut a lode.<br />
Underlie or Underlay^ Corn. The departure <strong>of</strong> a vein or stratum<br />
from the vertical, usually measured in horizontal feet per fathom <strong>of</strong><br />
inclined depth. Thus a dip <strong>of</strong> 60° is an underlay <strong>of</strong> three feet per<br />
fathom. The underlay expressed in feet per fathom is six times the<br />
natural cosine <strong>of</strong> the angle <strong>of</strong> the dip. See Dip.<br />
Under-poled copper. Copper not poled enough to remove all sub-<br />
oxide.<br />
Universal train. A roll train having adjustable horizontal <strong>and</strong><br />
vertical rolls, so as to produce sections <strong>of</strong> various sizes.<br />
Unwafer. To drain or pump water from a mine.<br />
Upcast. 1. A lifting <strong>of</strong> a coal seam by a dike. 2. The opening<br />
through which the ventilating current passes out <strong>of</strong> a mine. See<br />
Downcast.<br />
Upraise. See Rise.<br />
Ure's process. The treatment <strong>of</strong> quicksilver ores by heating in<br />
iron retorts with admixture <strong>of</strong> lime.<br />
VaW Alta furnace. See Hdhner furnace.<br />
Vamping. The debris <strong>of</strong> a stope, which forms a hard mass under<br />
the feet <strong>of</strong> the miner.<br />
Vanning, Corn. A method <strong>of</strong> washing ore on a shovel, analo-<br />
gous to panning. Concentrating machines are sometimes called<br />
vanners. See Percussion-table.<br />
Vei)i. See Lode. The term vein is also sometimes applied to<br />
small threads, or subordinate features <strong>of</strong> a larger deposit.<br />
Vena, Sp. A small vein.<br />
Vend, Newc. The total sales <strong>of</strong> coal from a colliery.<br />
Verifier. A tool used in deep boring for detaching <strong>and</strong> bringing<br />
to the surface portions <strong>of</strong> the wall <strong>of</strong> the bore-hole at any desired<br />
depth.<br />
Vermilion. Mercury sulphide.<br />
Vestry, Newc. Refuse.<br />
Veta, Sp. A vein. As compared with vena, veta is the main vein.<br />
Viewer. A colliery manager.<br />
Vigorite. See Explosives.