A glossary of mining and metallurgical terms
A glossary of mining and metallurgical terms
A glossary of mining and metallurgical terms
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74 A GLOSSARY OF MINING AND METALLURGICAL TERMS.<br />
will not immediately ignite fire-damp. There are several varieties,<br />
invented by Davy, Stephenson, Clanny, <strong>and</strong> others.<br />
Salam<strong>and</strong>er. A mass <strong>of</strong> solidified material in a furnace hearth j<br />
called also a sow <strong>and</strong> hear.<br />
Saline. A salt spring or well ; salt works.<br />
Sampson-pod. An upright post which supports the walking-beam,<br />
communicating motion from the engine to a deep-boring apparatus.<br />
S<strong>and</strong>-pump. A cylinder with a valye at the bottom, lowered<br />
into a drill-hole from time to time, to take out the accumulated slime<br />
resulting from the action <strong>of</strong> the drill on the rock. Called, also,<br />
SheJl-pump <strong>and</strong> Sludcjer.<br />
Seafold. An obstruction in a blast furnace above the tuyeres<br />
caused by an accumulation or shelf <strong>of</strong> pasty, unreduced materials,<br />
adherino; to the lining.<br />
Seal, Corn. X portion <strong>of</strong> earth or rock which separates <strong>and</strong> falls<br />
from the main body.<br />
Scale. 1. The crust <strong>of</strong> metallic oxide formed by cooling <strong>of</strong> hot<br />
metals in air. Hammer-scale <strong>and</strong> roll-scale are the flaky oxides<br />
which fall from the bloom, ingot, or bar under hammering or rolling.<br />
2. The incrustation caused in steam-boilers by the evaporation <strong>of</strong><br />
water containing mineral salts. 3. A scale q/air (Newc.) is a small<br />
portion <strong>of</strong> air abstracted from the main current.<br />
Scarcement. A projecting ledge <strong>of</strong> rock, left in a shaft as footing<br />
for a ladder, or to support pit-work, etc.<br />
Scarfing.<br />
Splicing timbers, so cut that when joined the resulting<br />
piece is not thicker at the joint than elsewhere.<br />
Schist. Crystalline rock, usually micaceous, having a slaty<br />
structure.<br />
Schlicker, Germ. The skimmings from molten unrefined lead,<br />
containing chiefly copper, iron, <strong>and</strong> zinc, with a little antimony <strong>and</strong><br />
arsenic.<br />
Schorl. Black tourmaline.<br />
Scoria or Scoi'ice. See Slag.<br />
Scorifixiotion, A process employed in assaying gold <strong>and</strong> silver<br />
ores, <strong>and</strong> performed in a shallow clay vessel {scorifier),m which ore,<br />
lead, <strong>and</strong> borax-glass are exposed to heat <strong>and</strong> oxidation in a muffie.<br />
The operation involves roasting, fusion, <strong>and</strong> scarification proper, or<br />
the formation <strong>of</strong> a slag, which is not, like the litharge produced in<br />
cupellafion, absorbed by the vessel.<br />
Scotch hearth. A low forge or furnace <strong>of</strong> cast-iron, with one tuyere,
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