THE UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Eric Snively A ... - Ohio University

More documents

Recommendations

Info

$Introduction to Numerical Math and Matlab ... - Ohio University$

egion of proximal articulations proximal edge of gingly mus proximal expansion - reg ion of extensive distal MT II facet b- gingly mus flexor insertion
Figure 2.13. Left MT III of Allosaums fragilis (MOR 693). Notable features include: a relatively tailer ginglymus in antenor view than in Sinraptor; ginglymus bilobed, with taller medial poriton; shallow fiexor insertion; slight media1 curvature to shaft; proximal articular facet for MT II more distally extensive than that for MT IV; posterior and lateral projections of the metatarsal form a hook shape in the region of proximal articulations. The lateral projection is visible in this figure. MOR 693 has an exostosic pathology on its lateral surface.
Page 1 and 2:
THE UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Functiona
Page 3:
Many figures in this thesis use col
Page 6 and 7:
ACKNOWLEûGEM ENTS Many friends and
Page 8 and 9:
Approval page Acknowledgements Tabi
Page 10 and 11:
CONCLUDING COMMENTS Figures for Cha
Page 12 and 13:
CHAPTER 5: Mechanical and phylogene
Page 14 and 15:
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 .l. Phylog
Page 16 and 17:
Figure 3.6. Osteological correlates
Page 18 and 19:
AMNH GI HMN IVPP MOR NMC OMNH PIN P
Page 20 and 21:
and constructional morphology revea
Page 22 and 23:
1985, Bryant and Seymour 1990). If
Page 24 and 25:
surfaces of a Tyrannosaurus rex spe
Page 26 and 27:
3. Troodontidae (Figure 1.2): Trwdo
Page 29 and 30:
Hypothesized functions of the tyran
Page 31 and 32:
1. Atomization (Chapters 2 and 3).
Page 33 and 34:
Figure 1.1. P hylogenetic diagram o
Page 35 and 36:
Figure 1.2. Phylogenetic diagram of
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41:
Figure 1 .S. Skeletal restorations
Page 44 and 45:
did not quantify the degree of prox
Page 46 and 47:
qualitative debate over arctometata
Page 48 and 49:
This hypothesis focuses on tyrannos
Page 50 and 51:
Table 2.1. Theropod and Plafeosauru
Page 52 and 53:
specimens in the figures reflects a
Page 54 and 55:
were not attempted. While this limi
Page 56 and 57:
Chapter 3). 1 now address variation
Page 58 and 59:
- Ç6'P 1 68'€tr 1 L'OC 99'66 L'9
Page 60 and 61:
Table 2.3: Log-transformed values f
Page 62 and 63:
experiences a sharp laterally indin
Page 64 and 65:
ecause it can be cursorily dassifie
Page 66 and 67: arctometatarsalian specimens, the l
Page 68 and 69: ) Shaf€ and region of proximal ar
Page 70 and 71: a) Ginglymus. Figure 2.14 shows the
Page 72 and 73: ) Shaft and region of proximal arti
Page 74 and 75: measurements of width pV2S%TU-DE an
Page 76 and 77: Table 2.4b Variancelmeasurement eac
Page 78 and 79: the largest sum of linear measureme
Page 80 and 81: Table 2.5: Specimen statistics Herr
Page 82 and 83: and Sinraptor dongi specimens. With
Page 84 and 85: In addition, a hook like proximal a
Page 86 and 87: oth physical narrowing and elongati
Page 88 and 89: 1s the MT 111 shape segregation fun
Page 90 and 91: tyrannosaurids, ornithomimid, and t
Page 92 and 93: proximal constriction, white EImisa
Page 95: Figure 2.2. Tyrannosaurid, trwdonti
Page 99: Figure 2.4. Dromaeosaurid and carno
Page 102 and 103: - Anterior (flexor) surface medial
Page 105 and 106: Figure 2.7. Left MT III of Tyrannos
Page 107 and 108: Figure 2.8. Left MT III of Gorgosau
Page 109 and 110: Figure 2.9. Left MT III of an omith
Page 111 and 112: Figure 2.10. Left metatarsus of Tmd
Page 113 and 114: Figure 2.1 1. Left MT III of Elmisa
Page 115: Figure 2.12. Right MT III of Deinon
Page 119 and 120: Figure 2.14. Left metatarsus of Sin
Page 121 and 122: Figure 2.15. Plots of MT Ill specir
Page 123: Figure 2.16. Plot of third metatars
Page 126 and 127: tv . ... . Ri. . . .
Page 129 and 130: Figure 2.19. Plot of third metatars
Page 131 and 132: CHAPTER 3: Tensile keystone model o
Page 133 and 134: dynamically transmitted Iommotor fo
Page 135 and 136: Table 3.1 . Metatarsi examined in t
Page 137 and 138: interrnetatarsal dynamics in these
Page 139 and 140: compelled analysis of movement evid
Page 141 and 142: Once prepared, TMP 94.1 2.602 and i
Page 143 and 144: Daspletosaurus tomsus (MOR 590), an
Page 145 and 146: 2. Freedom of movement inferred fro
Page 147 and 148: Table 3.2. Surface areas of intemet
Page 149 and 150: phylogenetic bracketing Wtmer 1995)
Page 151 and 152: 4) Forces from anterior displacerne
Page 153 and 154: e expected for tyrannosaurid interm
Page 155 and 156: The preceding discussion derives fr
Page 157 and 158: weapons sparring), and the arctomet
Page 159: Figure 3.1. Schematic representatio
Page 163: Figure 3.3. CT reconstruction of ri
Page 167:
Figure 3.5. MT II (left element) an
Page 171:
Page 175:
Page 179:
Figure 3.1 1 ae. The metatarsal rec
Page 187:
Figure 3.13. Ligament contribution
Page 191 and 192:
Figure 3.15. Anatorny of the equid
Page 193:
Figure 3.16. Cornparison of loading
Page 196 and 197:
(nodes), and solving stresslstrain
Page 198 and 199:
The practicality of the finite elem
Page 200 and 201:
collective density of trabeculae (K
Page 202 and 203:
A FORCE INPUTS AND MATERIAL PROPERT
Page 204 and 205:
Alexander et al. (1 979) rewrded a
Page 206 and 207:
The preceding loading regime entait
Page 208 and 209:
detemined by using the photographic
Page 210 and 211:
2. Preparation of data for contour
Page 212 and 213:
. - Elastic modulus (GP4 Ex EY Ez P
Page 214 and 215:
conversion. Volume-to-nuages facili
Page 216 and 217:
maintained. An angle of 2 degrees p
Page 218 and 219:
of MT III (Figure 4.4, pinpointed b
Page 220 and 221:
anterodorsal rotation of the distal
Page 222 and 223:
allowed to stretch slightly under t
Page 224:
Figure 4.1. Initial loads and bound
Page 228:
Figure 4.3. Finite element mesh of
Page 232:
Figure 4.5. Strain distribution in
Page 236 and 237:
CHAPTER 5: Mechanical and evolution
Page 238 and 239:
y distal intermetatarsal ligaments,
Page 240 and 241:
Probable fundion of the tyrannosaur
Page 242 and 243:
Ornitholestes, and camosaurs) incre
Page 244 and 245:
morphology matches in degree the co
Page 246 and 247:
discussion elucidates the evolution
Page 248 and 249:
face of the skull met part of the m
Page 250 and 251:
Alternately, a morphological novelt
Page 252 and 253:
outgroup to ail theropods, and the
Page 254 and 255:
convincingly evident in figures of
Page 256 and 257:
parsimonious scenarios are outlined
Page 258 and 259:
dromaeosaurids], and a dade compris
Page 260 and 261:
arctometatarsalian forrns. The conv
Page 262 and 263:
Proximal intermetatarsal ligaments
Page 264 and 265:
witti a surfeit of potentially supp
Page 267:
Figure 5.2. Phylogeny of the Therop
Page 271:
Page 275:
Page 278 and 279:
Bock W.J. and von Wahlert G. Evolut
Page 280 and 281:
Cume P.J. 1997. Theropoda. In: Fari
Page 282 and 283:
Grenard S. 1991. Handbook of Alliga
Page 284 and 285:
Liem K.F. and Osse J.W.M. 1975. Bio
Page 286 and 287:
Richtsmeier J.T. and Cheverud J.M.
Page 288 and 289:
Woo S., Maynard J., Butler O. 1987.
Page 290 and 291:
Different variables in a PCA will h
show all

THE UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Eric Snively A ... - Ohio University

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?