The Role of Local Food in Maldives Tourism - Scholarly Commons ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

esearcher, and methodology is the technique used by the researcher in exploring the reality in question (Healy & Perry, 2000). According to Veal (1997), the positivist research paradigm views the object being researched as observable facts to be studied by external observations, whose behaviour can be explained with facts and data gathered by using theories and models. The ontology of the positivist paradigm is governed by natural laws independent of human consciousness (Sarantakos, 1998).The epistemological stance of the positivist paradigm is objective and value-free, employing an etic approach where the research is conducted from an outsider’s perspective (Jennings, 2001). In a positivist paradigm, quantitative methodologies such as systematic processes and theoretical models that assist in quantifying observable facts are used to gather information, the results of which are confirmed with empirical evidence (Lincoln & Guba, 2003). The interpretive research paradigm is relatively flexible and focuses more on the perspectives of the subjects being studied, viewing the world from their point of view (Denzin & Lincoln, 2000). The ontological view of interpretive paradigms is grounded in multiple, divergent and interrelated social realities – they are not restricted to one reality, unlike the positivist paradigm (Finn et al., 2000). Interpretive paradigms embrace a subjective epistemology, analysing behaviour from the perspective of the phenomenon being researched; this permits the emic position which will enable the identification of “multiple realities” (Jennings, 2001, p. 128). Interpretive paradigms utilize qualitative methodologies to study the research phenomenon. Jennings (2001) suggests that any choice of paradigm must take into account the nature of the tourism that is being researched. Finn et al. (2000, p. 7) suggests that a researcher engaging in tourism and leisure research needs to choose between the positivist and interpretive paradigms, and proposed that the choice of paradigms depends on the answers to four fundamental questions. In order to follow a positivist approach, the answers to the following four questions have to be ‘yes’: 1. Can behaviour be measured and the results regarded as facts? 2. Can the measurement be carried out objectively without the distortion of the value judgement of the researcher? 3. Should the researcher only be concerned with what is observable? 4. Is human action a response to the external system? 44
On the other hand, the focus of the research moves away from a positivist paradigm if the answers to the following four questions are ‘yes’: 1. Is reality socially constructed by the interactions of individuals? 2. Should the investigation focus on what is meaningful to individuals in the social world? 3. Should the conscious experience of human life be studied? 4. Is human action a response to interaction with others and the perceptions and experience of others? According to Veal (1997), leisure is a qualitative phenomenon and so for many researchers qualitative research is the most suitable technique for leisure and tourism studies. Similarly, Riley and Love (2000) affirm that although tourism research requires quantification, mainly due to the economically driven nature of the industry, qualitative research provides an important perspective from which to view the phenomenon. Therefore, “tourism needs to embrace a general recognition of the legitimacy of a variety of research tools” (Walle, 1997, p. 535). In this regard, it is proposed that no method is privileged over the other, and the ideal method would be the most appropriate one for the task at hand (Veal, 1997). This research will follow the interpretive research paradigm. The design of this research will be a case study that uses mixed methods which will be conducted from a grounded theory perspective. 3.2 Grounded theory Grounded theory is “theory that was derived from data” (Strauss & Corbin, 1998, p. 12). This approach involves collecting and inductively analysing data to build “middle- range theoretical frameworks” derived from the collected data (Charmaz, 2000, p. 509). The emerging themes and concepts are coded; this helps to categorize the data and leads to theory development (Patton, 2002): What distinguishes the discussion of theory in much of the literature on qualitative methods is the emphasis on inductive strategies of theory development in contrast to theory generated by logical deduction from a priori assumption. (p. 125). One of the strong points of grounded theory is that since theory is drawn from the data, it is more likely to “resemble the ‘reality’” and present better insight and understanding 45
Page 1 and 2:
The Role of Local Food in Maldives
Page 3 and 4: CHAPTER FIVE: THE CURRENT ROLE OF F
Page 5 and 6: Figure 5.26 Buffet dinner .........
Page 7 and 8: Attestation of authorship “I here
Page 9 and 10: Abstract In the fiercely competitiv
Page 11 and 12: 1.1 Background to the study CHAPTER
Page 13 and 14: attractiveness and promoting sustai
Page 15 and 16: Figure 1. 1 Map of the Republic of
Page 17 and 18: CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW The
Page 19 and 20: and nationalities are broadened (Sh
Page 21 and 22: focus on creating “meaningful tou
Page 23 and 24: quality of their services and produ
Page 25 and 26: waiting list for future Guggenheim
Page 27 and 28: Natural and cultural attractions ar
Page 29 and 30: local culture, built heritage, and
Page 31 and 32: Although the above inherent charact
Page 33 and 34: ituals and leisure (Tannahill, 2002
Page 35 and 36: and participation in the experience
Page 37 and 38: Cultural exploration is an integral
Page 39 and 40: 2002). As Jones and Jenkins (2002)
Page 41 and 42: Figure 2. 2 Isle of Arran food trai
Page 43 and 44: globalisation strong local food ide
Page 45 and 46: vegetarian pizza outlets are run by
Page 47 and 48: tradition are made sustainable in t
Page 49 and 50: tourism” (p. 115). As their examp
Page 51 and 52: Slow Food Award in 2000 which recog
Page 53: eing researched. Although the small
Page 57 and 58: A disadvantage of case sstudies is
Page 59 and 60: 1. data triangulation: uses a range
Page 61 and 62: A number of international organisat
Page 63 and 64: Content analysis has been a valuabl
Page 65 and 66: 3.6.2 Surveys “A survey is a good
Page 67 and 68: Table 3. 2 Advantages vantages and
Page 69 and 70: 3.7 Data validity and reliability I
Page 71 and 72: 3.8 Survey characteristics Out of t
Page 73 and 74: were doing doctoral research that w
Page 75 and 76: was a British protectorate from 188
Page 77 and 78: Figure 4. 2 Population growth rate
Page 79 and 80: 4.3 Economy The Republic of Maldive
Page 81 and 82: 4.4 Agriculture Agriculture plays o
Page 83 and 84: population was badly affected by th
Page 85 and 86: enefits of tourism among all the at
Page 87 and 88: As tourism became established in th
Page 89 and 90: prospect repeatedly proclaimed by e
Page 91 and 92: Table 4. 1 Maldives tourist arrival
Page 93 and 94: Figure 4. 8 Market share of top ten
Page 95 and 96: provided a slow burning barbecue to
Page 97 and 98: Figure 4. 13 Rukuraa and raabadhi S
Page 99 and 100: CHAPTER FIVE: THE CURRENT ROLE OF F
Page 101 and 102: possible” (Sarantakos, 1998, p. 2
Page 103 and 104: Table 5. 3 Frequency of images in p
Page 105 and 106:
(Figure 5.3). As Figure 5.4 illustr
Page 107 and 108:
Figure 5. 6 Dining experience Sourc
Page 109 and 110:
Figure 5. 9 Website with no informa
Page 111 and 112:
The description indicates that food
Page 113 and 114:
Figure 5. 11 Screw pine Source: Mal
Page 115 and 116:
Figure 5. 14 Local ‘tea’ ceremo
Page 117 and 118:
Hence, the kind of analysis needed
Page 119 and 120:
Figure 5. 18 Barbecue menus Source:
Page 121 and 122:
Figure 5. 19 Seafood display Source
Page 123 and 124:
Figure 5. 22 Unloading fish to the
Page 125 and 126:
chefs in our booming tourist indust
Page 127 and 128:
Figure 5. 25 Activities featured as
Page 129 and 130:
Table 5. 5 Importance of using loca
Page 131 and 132:
CHAPTER SIX: DEVELOPING LINKS BETWE
Page 133 and 134:
Table 6. 3 Number of respondents th
Page 135 and 136:
ight quality of products from these
Page 137 and 138:
experts, “It is of great potentia
Page 139 and 140:
have failed to utilise”. One of t
Page 141 and 142:
Figure 6. 1 Number of local and for
Page 143 and 144:
local cuisine. This warning echoes
Page 145 and 146:
• Since tourism operators and exp
Page 147 and 148:
to authentic local foods. In additi
Page 149 and 150:
products. This would pave the way f
Page 151 and 152:
• Promote Maldives as an environm
Page 153 and 154:
Figure 6. 4 Garudhiya bai meal Sour
Page 155 and 156:
Figure 6. 7 Canned curries, garudhi
Page 157 and 158:
Figure 6. 11 Screw pine fruit and n
Page 159 and 160:
Figure 6. 14 Short eats Source: Mal
Page 161 and 162:
Figure 6. 16 Smooth loofah, Thoraa
Page 163 and 164:
Figure 6. 19 Malaafaiy Source: Leis
Page 165 and 166:
Figure 6. 21 Drinks made with local
Page 167 and 168:
CHAPTER SEVEN: CONCLUSIONS In an in
Page 169 and 170:
list ‘local’ food items were of
Page 171 and 172:
apparent from tourism marketing mat
Page 173 and 174:
operator” (Omidi, 2009b). Those r
Page 175 and 176:
Bibliography ADB. (2005). Country s
Page 177 and 178:
Buhalis, D. (2001). The tourism phe
Page 179 and 180:
Everett, S., & Aitchison, C. (2008)
Page 181 and 182:
Heath, E., & Wall, G. (1992). Marke
Page 183 and 184:
Lutfy, M. I. (1995). Dhivehiraajjeg
Page 185 and 186:
MTCA. (2007b). Tourism Yearbook. Ma
Page 187 and 188:
Ravenscroft, N., & Westering, J. V.
Page 189 and 190:
Sheehan, K. (2001). E-mail survey r
Page 191 and 192:
Veal, A. J. (1997). Research method
Page 193 and 194:
Appendix 1 - Operators’ Questionn
Page 195 and 196:
185
Page 197 and 198:
187
Page 199 and 200:
189
Page 201 and 202:
191
Page 203 and 204:
193
Page 205 and 206:
Appendix 3 - Participant Informatio
Page 207 and 208:
Appendix 4 - Ethics Approval 197
Page 209:
Committee. Until full approval has
show all

The Role of Local Food in Maldives Tourism - Scholarly Commons ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?