Alternative Support Systems for Cantilever - National Transportation ...

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Diametershaft − Diameterembed.pipe cover := cover = 13⋅in 2 ca1 := ⎡ ⎢ ⎢ ⎣ ⎛ ⎜ ⎝ Diameter embed.pipe 2 ⎞ ⎟ ⎠ 2 + 3.25⋅ ⎢ ⎡ ⎛ ⎢⎜ ⎣⎝ Diameter shaft 2 ⎞ ⎟ ⎠ 2 − 3.25 ⎛ ⎜ ⎝ Diameter embed.pipe 2 2 ⎞ ⎥ ⎤ ⎟ ⎥ ⎠ ⎦ − ca1 = 8.587⋅in 360deg A := = 1.571 A = 90⋅deg Ntor.plate Diametershaft chord_group 2⋅ sin 2 A := ⋅ ⎛ ⎞ chord_group = 2.475 ft 2 ⎛ ⎜ ⎝ ⎜ ⎝ ⎞ ⎟ ⎠ ⎟ ⎠ 3.0⋅ca1 Amin_group := 2⋅asin A Diameter min_group = 75.66⋅deg shaft ⎛ ⎜ ⎝ Diameter embed.pipe Check_Group_Effect := "Group Effect" if A ≤ Amin_group Check_Group_Effect = "No Group Effect" "No Group Effect" otherwise Lbreakout := Ltor.plate + 2⋅1.5ca1 Lbreakout = 31.76⋅in ( ) 3 AVc := min Lbreakout, Lshaft ⋅ ⋅ca1 AVc 818.109 in 2 = ⋅ 2 AVco := 4.5⋅ca1 AVco 331.776 in 2 = ⋅ le := Ltor.plate le = 0.5 ft .2 1.5 ⎛ le ⎞ btor.plate f'c ⎛ ca1⎞ Vb := 13⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅⎜ ⎟⎠ ⋅lbf V btor.plate in psi ⎝ in b = 34.712 kip ⎜ ⎝ ⎟ ⎠ ψcV := 1.4 Modification factor for cracking in concrete ψecV := 1.0 Modification factor for anchor groups ψedV := 1.0 Modification factor for edge effects ⎛ ⎜ ⎝ ⎞ ⎟ ⎠ AVc Vcbg := ⋅ψ A ecV⋅ψedV⋅ψcV⋅Vb Vcbg = 119.832 kip Vco Vcbg_parallel := 2⋅Vcbg Vcbg_parallel = 239.664 kip Vc := Vcbg_parallel⋅Ntor.plate Vc = 958.658 kip ⎛ Diameterembed.pipe Tn.breakout.plate := ϕtor⋅Vc⋅⎜ ⎟ T 2 n.breakout.plate = 575.195 ft·kip ⎝ ⎞ ⎠ 188 2
⎝ ⎠ Check_Breakout_Torsion := "Sufficient" if Tn.breakout.plate ≥ Tu "Not Sufficient" if Tn.breakout.plate < Tu Based on breakout length above, choose depth of embedment for pipe Check_Breakout_Torsion = "Sufficient" Lclearance := 3in Length of clearance between breakout and top of shaft Lembedment := Lclearance + Lbreakout − 1.5⋅ca1 Lembedment = 21.88⋅in ⎛ ⎜ ⎝ ⎞ Lembedment Lembedment := ceil ⎟⋅in L in embedment = 22⋅in ⎠ Weld Design for Torsion Plates Tn.breakout.plate Vweld.tor := Diametershaft Select weld properties and revise if necessary Vweld.tor = 164.341 kip 3 Weld_Size 8 in := AISC Spec. J2 Table J2.4 Felectrode := 70ksi FW := .6⋅Felectrode AISC Spec. J2 Table J2.5 Throat := .707⋅Weld_Size ϕRn_weld := ϕweld⋅Throat⋅FW ϕRn_weld 8.351 kip = ⋅ in ϕRn_yield := .6⋅fy.pipe⋅twall.embed.pipe ϕRn_yield 9.45 kip = ⋅ in ϕRn_rupture := .45⋅fu.pipe⋅twall.embed.pipe ϕRn_rupture 9.787 kip = ⋅ in ϕRn := min( ϕRn_weld, ϕRn_yield, ϕRn_rupture) ϕRn 8.351 kip = ⋅ in Vweld.tor Required_Length_Each_Plate := Required_Length_Each_Plate = 4.92⋅in Ntor.plateϕRn Check_Length := "Sufficient" if Ltor.plate ≥ Required_Length_Each_Plate "Not Sufficient" otherwise Embedded Pipe and Torsion Plates Design 189 ⎛ ⎜ ⎝ ceil Required_Length_Each_Plate ⎟⋅in = 5⋅in in ⎠ Check_Length = "Sufficient" ⎞
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Report No. BDK75 977-04 Date: Augus
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Metric Conversion Table SYMBOL WHEN
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ALTERNATIVE SUPPORT SYSTEMS FOR CAN
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY During the 2004 h
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CHAPTER TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODU
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Torsion Test Data .................
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure page Figure
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Figure 4-15. Arrangement of the LVD
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION This project
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CHAPTER 2 BACKGROUND The following
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information obtained in the late 19
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these problems. The concern with fa
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opposite side, see Figure 2-2 The s
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2.2.4 Helical Pipes This option wou
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2.3 Alternative Foundations from Ot
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Figure 2-10. Drilled concrete piles
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Figure 2-13. Grouted soil anchors G
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The pad and pier foundation, found
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comments and recommendations on pre
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CHAPTER 3 DESIGN IMPLICATIONS Based
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Figure 3-2. Differences between con
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2 [ ] 2 2 ( r ) + 3. 25 ( r ) − (
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eakout surface for a single plate,
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strength of a headed anchor in tens
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Figure 3-9. Schematic of anticipate
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Vbfp l e tfp bfp f’c ca1 = the ba
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3.2.2 Equivalent Side-Face Blowout
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computed. See Equation 3-14 below t
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One method to quantify the failure
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• An additional 12-4.5” long, 1
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Applied load Lever arm Figure 4-4.
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Figure 4-8. Isometric view of embed
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Flexural plate breakout area Torsio
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4.2.4 Annular Base Plate Design The
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torsional strength of the lever arm
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4.4 Concrete Block and Tie-Down Des
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Figure 4-13. Arrangement of the LVD
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4.7 Summary of Torsion and Flexure
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foundation displayed the predicted
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Figure 5-5. Specimen at failure 5.1
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Figure 5-7. Torsional moment and ro
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torsional 45 degree crack formation
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Figure 5-11. Widening of concrete b
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Failure cracks widen Bond loosens F
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Rear of shaft Figure 5-14. Load and
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testing, signifying that the predic
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provided in NCHRP Report 412 were i
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6.2.2 Tapered Embedded Steel Pipe a
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Figure 6-3. FDOT Design Standards I
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This option provides a possible alt
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6.2.5 Cast-in-Place Solid Concrete
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This option does have some disadvan
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Figure 6-9. Embedded steel pipe and
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However, the fillet welds are susce
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APPENDIX A TEST APPARATUS DRAWINGS
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Figure A-3. Dimensioned side elevat
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Figure A-5. Dimensioned drawings of
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Figure A-7. Dimensioned plan drawin
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Figure A-9. Dimensioned drawing of
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Figure A-11. Dimensioned view of em
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STIFFENER DESIGN Calculation of Cap
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L breakout Concrete Breakout Equiva
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Abrg L⋅b 7 in 2 := = .5 Nsb 200
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β 1 f c Calculations Using ACI Str
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Determine Flexural Capacity of Roun
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DEVELOPMENT LENGTHS OF FLEXURAL REI
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Short Pipe Design Flexural Strength
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Long Pipe Design Flexural Strength
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Superstructure Assembly Strength -
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Weld Design Tn_blowout Vweld := Tor
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Check_Bolt_Shear := "Sufficient Str
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Check Reinforcement No_Bars_Block_R
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Tie-Down Design Block Properties Wi
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Vmax Total Load that the Tie-down m
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λpf := .38⋅ λpw := 3.76⋅ E F
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Input and Properties Shaft Torsion
Page 153 and 154: ψcV := 1.4 ψecV := 1.0 ψedV := 1
Page 155 and 156: lbreakout := L + 2⋅1.5ca1 lbreako
Page 157 and 158: Rn_weld := Throat⋅FW Rn_weld 11.1
Page 159 and 160: ⎛ ⎜ ⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜ 9.250
Page 161 and 162: Flexural Capacity of T-Plates Using
Page 163 and 164: FAILURE EQUATIONS Torsion Threshold
Page 165 and 166: Required Length of Shaft Based on B
Page 167 and 168: Design Axial Strength ϕcomp := .90
Page 169 and 170: Design Axial Strength ϕcomp := .90
Page 171 and 172: Zp := ⎛ ⎜ ⎝ bp tp⋅ 2 ⎞
Page 173 and 174: Bolt Properties - D1" ASTM A325 Cen
Page 175 and 176: CONCRETE BLOCK Concrete Block Desig
Page 177 and 178: Check Shear Check_Shear_B := "Suffi
Page 179 and 180: 7'-4" 8" 5'-4" 8" 1'-3" Calculate s
Page 181 and 182: Required Capacity of the Channel As
Page 183 and 184: Check_Flange_Compact_Unit := "Compa
Page 185 and 186: Rear of Shaft Face of Shaft Figure
Page 187 and 188: Bolt slippage ends Predicted failur
Page 189 and 190: APPENDIX D DESIGN GUIDELINES For th
Page 191 and 192: The designer should then use this i
Page 193 and 194: • Determine the angle required fo
Page 195 and 196: Superstructure Base Connection Foun
Page 197 and 198: 1.5ca1 1.5ca1 Length of bearing are
Page 199 and 200: Vu = 9.04 kip T .u = 198.88 ft·kip
Page 201 and 202: Increase threaded rod diameter to 2
Page 203: Embedded Pipe and Torsion Plates De
Page 207 and 208: Lbreakout := tflex.plate + 2⋅1.5c
Page 209 and 210: ( ) .85 if fc < 4000psi β 1 f c .6
Page 211 and 212: REFERENCES 1. Cook, R.A., and Halco
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