Programming PHP

The notation parameter identifies the notation declaration with which this unparsed
entity is associated.
Default Handler
For any other event, such as the XML declaration and the XML document type, the
default handler is called. To set the default handler, call the xml_set_default_
handler( ) function:
xml_set_default_handler(parser, handler);
The handler will be called with two parameters:
my_default_handler(parser, text);
The text parameter will have different values depending on the kind of event triggering
the default handler. Example 11-7 just prints out the given string when the
default handler is called.
Example 11-7. Default handler
function default($inParser, $inData) {
echo "XML: Default handler called with '$inData'\n";
}
Options
The XML parser has several options you can set to control the source and target
encodings and case folding. Use xml_parser_set_option( ) to set an option:
xml_parser_set_option(parser, option, value);
Similarly, use xml_parser_get_option( ) to interrogate a parser about its options:
$value = xml_parser_get_option(parser, option);
Character encoding
The XML parser used by PHP supports Unicode data in a number of different character
encodings. Internally, PHP’s strings are always encoded in UTF-8, but documents
parsed by the XML parser can be in ISO-8859-1, US-ASCII, or UTF-8. UTF-16
is not supported.
When creating an XML parser, you can give it an encoding to use for the file to be
parsed. If omitted, the source is assumed to be in ISO-8859-1. If a character outside
the range possible in the source encoding is encountered, the XML parser will return
an error and immediately stop processing the document.
The target encoding for the parser is the encoding in which the XML parser passes
data to the handler functions; normally, this is the same as the source encoding. At
any time during the XML parser’s lifetime, the target encoding can be changed. Any
270 | Chapter 11: XML
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