Programming PHP

DTD (Document Type Definition), 263
DTP points, 237
Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE), 360
dynamic XML, generating, 264
E
each() function, 126, 394
echo command, 10, 76
echo() function, 394
efree() function, 329
EG (Executor Globals), 344
EGPCS (environment, GET, POST, cookie,
and server) variables, 159
aliases for, 160
controlling with variables_order
directive, 287
element handlers, 266
elements, array
checking whether element exists, 122
filtering from, 136
getting number of, 119
identifying, 117
removing and inserting, 123
traversing, 125
else clause, 47
email
functions for, 376
IMAP, POP, and NNTP extension, 462
vpopmail extension, 468
emalloc() function, 329
embedding
fonts in PDF files, 244–246
PHP in web pages, 56–60
ASP tags, using, 58
echoing content directly, 59
script style, 59
SGML tags, using, 58
XML-compliant tags, using, 57–58
empty arrays, constructing, 118
empty expressions, 53
empty() function, 394
encapsulation, 141
encoding
SQL, 85
strings according to URL conventions, 84
strings, C language, 85
encryption (mcrypt extension), 464
end element handler, 266
end() function, 126, 394
endif keyword, 47
end-of-file handling, 397
on Unix and Windows, 358
end-of-line handling, on Unix and
Windows, 358
entities
HTML
translation tables for, 83, 406
converting string characters into, 81
XML, 268
external, 268
environment variables, 356, 409
$HTTP_ENV_VARS array, 160
server, 160
setting, 434
variables_order directive in php.ini, 287
equality (==) operator, 40
equivalence class, 100
ereg() function, 101, 394
eregi() function, 101, 395
eregi_replace() function, 103
ereg_replace() function, 103, 394, 395
error handling, 303–308
defining error handlers, 305–308
formatting and printing errors
(example), 306
logging in, 306
output buffering, 307
logging error messages to system log, 451
reporting errors, 303
reverting to prior handler, 437
setting error handler, 438
suppressing errors, 304
triggering errors, 305, 452
error suppression (@) operator, 46
error_log() function, 306, 395
logging session errors, 187
error_reporting() function, 304, 395
errors, 303
checking databases for, 194
functions for, 375
warnings about, disabling public visibility
of, 286
XML, 272
escape sequences
in double-quoted strings, 25, 73
removing from strings, 446
in single-quoted strings, 73
escapeshellarg() function, 295, 396
escapeshellcmd() function, 396
escaping special characters in shell
commands, 295
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Index | 481