Programming PHP

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chown bool chown(string path, mixed user) Changes ownership for the file path to the user named user. <strong>PHP</strong> must have appropriate privileges (generally, root for this function) for the function to operate. Returns true if the change was successful and false if not. chr string chr(int char) Returns a string consisting of the single ASCII character char. chroot bool chroot(string path) Changes the root directory of the current process to path. You cannot use chroot( ) to restore the root directory to / when running <strong>PHP</strong> in a web server environment. Returns true if the change was successful and false if not. chunk_split string chunk_split(string string[, int size[, string postfix]]) Inserts postfix into string every size characters and at the end of the string; returns the resulting string. If not specified, postfix defaults to \r\n and size defaults to 76. This function is most useful for encoding data to the RPF 2045 standard. For example: $data = "...some long data..."; $converted = chunk_split(base64_encode($data)); class_exists bool class_exists(string name) Returns true if a class with the same name as the string has been defined; if not, it returns false. The comparison for class names is case-insensitive. clearstatcache void clearstatcache( ) Clears the file status functions cache. The next call to any of the file status functions will retrieve the information from the disk. 388 | Appendix A: Function Reference This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition Copyright © 2002 O’Reilly & Associates, Inc. All rights reserved.
closedir void closedir([int handle]) Closes the directory stream referenced by handle. See opendir for more information on directory streams. If handle is not specified, the most recently opened directory stream is closed. closelog int closelog( ) Closes the file descriptor used to write to the system logger after an openlog( ) call; returns true. compact array compact(mixed variable1[, ... mixed variableN]) Creates an array by retrieving the values of the variables named in the parameters. If any of the parameters are arrays, the values of variables named in the arrays are also retrieved. The array returned is an associative array, with the keys being the arguments provided to the function and the values being the values of the named variables. This function is the opposite of extract( ). convert_cyr_string string convert_cyr_string(string value, string from, string to) Converts value from one Cyrillic set to another. The from and to parameters are singlecharacter strings representing the set and have the following valid values: copy k koi8-r w Windows-1251 i ISO 8859-5 a or d x-cp866 m x-mac-cyrillic int copy(string path, string destination) Copies the file at path to destination. If the operation succeeds, the function returns true; otherwise, it returns false. This is the Title of the Book, eMatter Edition Copyright © 2002 O’Reilly & Associates, Inc. All rights reserved. copy | 389
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Programming PHP
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Programming PHP by Rasmus Lerdorf a
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Colophon Our look is the result of
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Accessing Individual Characters 79
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Concealing PHP Libraries 293 PHP Co
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clarify the explanations, and the p
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There is a web page for this book,
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Chapter 2 CHAPTER 2 Language Basics
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Comments Comments give information
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*/ echo("l=$l m=$m n=$n\n"); ?> Now
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change. Constants are referred to b
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PHP recognizes floating-point numbe
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• The empty string ("") and the s
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Chapter 6 describes classes and obj
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The old value of $black is lost. In
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update_counter( ); update_counter(
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Table 2-3. PHP operators P A Operat
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The division and multiplication ope
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Autoincrement and Autodecrement Ope
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Bitwise Operators The bitwise opera
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something is true. For example, you
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Because all operators are required
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if The if statement checks the trut
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A switch statement is given an expr
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if ($i == 5) break; // breaks out o
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This program adds the numbers from
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loops, and complain if the file bei
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XML Style Because of the advent of
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and other such niceties. Some will
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Chapter 3 CHAPTER 3 Functions A fun
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Typically, functions return some va
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As we discussed in Chapter 2, the e
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Example 3-5. Doubler redux function
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Missing Parameters PHP lets you be
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Anonymous Functions Some PHP functi
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echo "$who was $where"; Kilroy was
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As a special case, you can put a se
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• A padding specifier denoting th
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Boolean values and NULL are not mea
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Changing Case PHP has several funct
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The quote_style and charset argumen
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Query-string encoding The urlencode
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The comparison operators (=) also w
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The Levenshtein algorithm calculate
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The str_repeat( ) function takes a
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print_r($a);Array ( [0] => Fred [1]
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The c in strcspn( ) stands for comp
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These three kinds of patterns can b
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Subpatterns You can use parentheses
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Table 4-8. POSIX anchors Anchor Mat
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Example 4-1. Credit-card validator
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Character Classes Perl-style regula
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Trailing Options Perl-style regular
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A simple use of positive lookahead
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For example: preg_match('/y.*e$/',
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Pass an array of strings as subject
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Quoting for regular expressions The
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Identifying Elements of an Array Yo
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array is almost always a programmer
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Two or more consecutive commas in t
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echo "true!\n"; } if (array_key_exi
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EXTR_PREFIX_SAME, which says that t
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echo "$key is $value\n"; } 0 is spa
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The default argument, if provided,
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you need to answer questions like
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Example 5-3. Sorting arrays (contin
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Here’s how to randomize the order
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Sets Arrays let you implement the b
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Here’s the output from Example 5-
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Terminology Everyobject-oriented la
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You can use variable variables with
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} function set_name ($new_name) { $
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The object created bythe Person con
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Example 6-1. Displaying all declare
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Example 6-2. Object introspection f
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Here are some sample classes and ob
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PHP has two hooks for objects durin
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Example 6-5 shows the file next.php
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the request contains a blank line,
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SERVER_NAME The hostname, DNS alias
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The biggest difference between GET
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Figure 7-1. The chunkify form and i
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Example 7-4. Temperature conversion
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Example 7-6. Multiple selection val
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Example 7-8. Sticky multivalued che
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Files are stored in the server’s
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“me@aol” by requiring an at sig
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To mark a document as already expir
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A third technique for maintaining s
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Example 7-10. Preference selection
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Session basics To enable sessions f
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Custom storage By default, PHP stor
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When a session is completed, the de
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Chapter 8 CHAPTER 8 Databases PHP h
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columns, each of which has a name a
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Figure 8-1. The movie page the data
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$db = DB::connect($datasource); if
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string(4) "1962" ["name"]=> string(
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The executeMultiple( ) method takes
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echo "$k"; if (is_array($v)) { a_to
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Two HTML forms are needed to popula
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Example 8-3. Database connection ab
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Example 8-4. Backend administration
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Example 8-5. Adding a business (con
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Example 8-5. Adding a business (con
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The business listings page is illus
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The series of requests sent by the
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many colors as you need. The latter
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image-generating function. Example
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Example 9-4. Adding text to an imag
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Example 9-6. Displaying vertical Tr
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Example 9-8. Caching dynamic button
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You can also take this a step furth
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For a signed integer, the leftmost
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True Color Color Indexes The color
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Chapter 10 CHAPTER 10 PDF Adobe’s
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Figure 10-1. Hello world in a PDF d
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Type, Content-Disposition, and Cont
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Example 10-3. Changing the origin (
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Example 10-4. Text alignment within
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Example 10-5. Changing text attribu
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usr/share/fonts FontAFM LuciduxSans
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Adding an image to a PDF document i
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Example 10-8. Nonproportional scali
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Figure 10-9. A sample path The pdf_
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The width and height parameters spe
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Example 10-11. Using a template Th
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Example 10-12. Using bookmarks and
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Example 10-13. Specifying a link (c
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Figure 10-16. Closed note The conte
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In HTML, you often have an open tag
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Example 11-1. Generating an XML doc
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The end element handler is called w
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If your external entity reference h
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characters outside the target encod
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XML_ERROR_BAD_CHAR_REF XML_ERROR_BI
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Figure 11-2. Book details comment).
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Example 11-10. bookparse.xml (conti
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Example 11-12. News XSL transform
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more information). The xmlrpc exten
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equest, but it doesn’t know how t
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Chapter 12 CHAPTER 12 Security PHP
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These directives ensure that PHP er
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Restrict Filesystem Access to a Spe
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function or PHP’s copy( ) functio
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• Any system call (through functi
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You can globally disable particular
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Chapter 13 CHAPTER 13 Application T
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user.template. It uses the {DESTINA
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{ARTICLE} might be useful, as it wo
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} ob_start('rewrite'); ?> Visit our
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To turn off error reporting entirel
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Example 13-5. Log-rolling error han
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Before you begin optimization, ask
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changes you make to your code as yo
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• Only include or require files t
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MySQL replication Sometimes the dat
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Chapter 14 CHAPTER 14 Extending PHP
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examples, and you are strongly enco
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int Integer/long long Same as int a
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zend_module_entry rot13_module_entr
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for(i=0, ch=arg; i= 'A')&&(*ch
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if (extension_loaded($module)) { $s
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SWF_DIR=$i AC_MSG_RESULT(found in $
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If you compile the Apache module ve
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For example: zval **old, *new; *new
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The value returned from a PHP funct
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Page 339 and 340: Table 14-4. RETURN-related convenie
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Page 343 and 344: using SEPARATE_ZVAL( ), initializes
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Page 349 and 350: Resources A resource is a generic d
Page 351 and 352: Chapter 15 CHAPTER 15 PHP on Window
Page 353 and 354: 3. Windows 95/98/Me: the Windows sy
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Page 359 and 360: External Commands PHP uses the defa
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Page 363 and 364: Figure 15-3. Gleaning syntax from W
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Page 369 and 370: Example 15-4. Querying Excel via OD
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Page 376 and 377: Files, directories, and filesystem
Page 378 and 379: addcslashes string addcslashes(stri
Page 380 and 381: array_merge array array_merge(array
Page 382 and 383: array_search mixed array_search(mix
Page 384 and 385: asort void asort(array array[, int
Page 386 and 387: call_user_func mixed call_user_func
Page 390 and 391: cos double cos(double value) Return
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Page 398 and 399: fflush int fflush(int handle) Commi
Page 400 and 401: filemtime int filemtime(string path
Page 402 and 403: If include is specified and is true
Page 404 and 405: ftell int ftell(int handle) Returns
Page 406 and 407: get_current_user string get_current
Page 408 and 409: get_parent_class string get_parent_
Page 410 and 411: getmypid int getmypid( ) Returns th
Page 412 and 413: header void header(string header[,
Page 414 and 415: implode string implode(array string
Page 416 and 417: is_double bool is_double(mixed valu
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Page 420 and 421: Calculates the Levenshtein distance
Page 422 and 423: log double log(double number) Retur
Page 424 and 425: mkdir int mkdir(string path, int mo
Page 426 and 427: number_format string number_format(
Page 428 and 429: openlog int openlog(string identity
Page 430 and 431: parse_url array parse_url(string ur
Page 432 and 433: phpinfo void phpinfo([int what]) Ou
Page 434 and 435: printf int printf(string format[, m
Page 436 and 437: eaddir string readdir(int handle) R
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ound double round(double number[, i
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setlocale string setlocale(mixed ca
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sort void sort(array array[, int fl
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str_pad string str_pad(string strin
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%H Hour in 24-hour format, includin
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strncmp int strncmp(string one, str
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strtr string strtr(string string, s
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tmpfile int tmpfile( ) Creates a te
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unregister_tick_function void unreg
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wordwrap string wordwrap(string str
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old versions of aspell, you should
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DBM For very simple database instal
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Hyperwave Hyperwave is a database f
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mcrypt This extension provides an i
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pdflib pdflib provides support for
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Sybase This extension provides supp
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Symbols & (ampersand) &= (bitwise A
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| (vertical bar) |= (bitwise OR ass
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aspell PHP library, 457 assert() fu
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checksums mhash library, 464 valida
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cryptography mcrypt extension, 464
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DTD (Document Type Definition), 263
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System V Semaphores and Shared memo
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calling, 61 for each array element,
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H hash mark (#) in comments, 19 hea
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interlacing GIF images, 246 interna
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masks, using in string searches, 94
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serialization of, 153-157, 438 _ _s
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pdf_open_file() function, 234 pdf_p
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with echo, 76 with print() function
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S Sablotron C library (XSLT support
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sql_regcase() function, 443 sqrt()
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tan() function, 451 target encoding
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function parameters, 33 functions f
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xml_set_unparsed_entity_decl_handle
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