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\ i / Figure 4.2. Grain-size distribution (deflocculated samples) in four cores from the Greater Antilles Outer Ridge and Nares Abyssal llai~. The sand in cores from the outer ri dge is composed of foraminiferal tests. Core locations are shown by corresponding numbers on the simplified bathymetric map at lower right. 69
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I "a f IMods Hole '" ~ o c.,,~tlOGR
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) )
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" \ / )
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parent sediment on the eastern oute
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esearch. 5 )
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Res u 1 ts. . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Figure 3.12 Echo-sounding profile (
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Fi gure 6.14 6. 15 7. 1 7.2 7.3 7.4
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\ I ) Table 4. 1 4.2 5.1 5.2 5.3 6.
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION The area inv
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) \ .1 Fi gure i. 1. Bathymetry of
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~. ~ 71° 70° tI 68 fJ0 25° 7' 25
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) ) This is expected since most of
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GENERAL DES CRI PT I ON CHAPTE R I
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j
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egi onal contours. An area centered
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this region. However, all of these
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) ì /
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') ) ) /
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'"-, i~ 7t 70° 6f 68 67° 25° 72
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Fig u r e 3. 2 . CON RA D 10 s e is
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sequence corresponds to layered tur
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) . .) Figure 3.3. Map showing domi
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\ )
Page 55 and 56: "- '''--.- 25° ................. .
Page 57 and 58: ) ) others, 1973), and the upper po
Page 59 and 60: ) Figure 3.5. CONRAD 8 seismic refl
Page 61 and 62: . Q) 3W/L NOI.L~ l( . (Y CI s. :: 0
Page 63 and 64: .) Figure 3.6. Idealized profile al
Page 65 and 66: ) ) a: 0 ~ ~ (J L. Z Q) a: ~ lU UJ
Page 67 and 68: ) ) Figure 3.7. CONRAD 10 seismic r
Page 69 and 70: i- (Y (1 ~:: en or- LL 47
Page 71 and 72: ) ) THE TRANSPARENT LAYER The distr
Page 73 and 74: Fi gure 3.8. CH A I N 34 s e ism i
Page 75 and 76: co . (Y (l So :: O' "r- Li 51
Page 77 and 78: ) 53
Page 79 and 80: ) Figure 3.9. CONRAD 10 seismic ref
Page 81 and 82: 0' (V CJ s. :: O' ... LL 55
Page 83 and 84: \ J ) Figure 3.10. Seismic reflecti
Page 85 and 86: or- . (V Q) S- :: rn Li 58
Page 87 and 88: ì ) Figure 3.11. CONRAD 10 seismic
Page 89 and 90: l UJ .líliiiP',,:... ¡ '"'" ~ ' ~
Page 91 and 92: ) .I Figure 3.12. Echo-soundi ng pr
Page 93 and 94: N CV OJ s. :: 01 l. 62
Page 95 and 96: ) ) Figure 3.13. CONRAD 10 seismic
Page 97 and 98: (' r- (' (j $. :: en 'r- LL 64
Page 99 and 100: ) ) GENERAL LITHOLOGY CHAPTER iv TH
Page 101 and 102: ~ , ) Figure 4.1. General lithology
Page 103: .'-/ '..-/ AIr 60-8 A II 60-8 An60~
Page 107 and 108: ..) o l. oC\ o U A. o ~ . 1f ci Z ~
Page 109 and 110: ) Figure 4.3. Organic carbon in two
Page 111 and 112: \ '-~ '~-,~/ ORGANIC CARBON (%) , 2
Page 113 and 114: , ) ) Figure 4.4. Bottom photograph
Page 115 and 116: i u 4,4 75
Page 117 and 118: \ ) ) Figure 4.5. Distal turbidite
Page 119 and 120: Figure 4,5 78
Page 121 and 122: ) ) Figure 4.6. General 1 i thol og
Page 123 and 124: ~' ',,. O. d1 A 17 A c! ----- ¿J6
Page 125: ) TH E CARBONATES Foraminiferal tes
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Page 130 and 131: ) ) /
Page 133 and 134: ) ) ~U E ~ a. ~ U LO ~ METERS o N v
Page 135 and 136: ;'", : ) j fraction of the foramini
Page 137 and 138: ) ) Diffractograms of the lutite fr
Page 139 and 140: '-j \_-- TABLE 4.1. MINERALOGY OF T
Page 141 and 142: ) . ì ) of North America have clay
Page 143 and 144: \ ) ) Figure 4.9. Chlorite abundanc
Page 145 and 146: ) ) CHLORITE (c:2 tLm) WEIGHTED PEA
Page 147 and 148: ) ) Figure 4.10. Chlorite abundance
Page 149 and 150: " ~ ) ) 80° 70° 60° i 0 No i I .
Page 151 and 152: : ) ) abundances (Biscaye, 1965; Ra
Page 153 and 154: '"'/ '-/ TABLE 4.2. M I N E RA LOG
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) ) deep-sea areas), the sediment m
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) ) REGIONAL PATTERNS CHAPTE R V CH
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) ) Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary.
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¡~ , J ,) 109 Figure 5.1. Percent
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~.. G RC 8-129 CH 3S VIS-17 , HP 0
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, ) ) ,J ) W through Z zones in the
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. j near-surface samples: 1) the wi
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) ) i 16
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) Figure 5.2. Ages and general lith
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",-/ ,~~ CH 57-4 w zwuow CH 57-12 C
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) ~-: , Puerto Rico Trench has rece
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. ) ) ) ~. WATER MASSES CHAPTER VI
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) i~J 123 The NADW overlying th~ AA
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'--. '~¿ TABLE 6.1. SUMMARY OF CUR
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) , Fi gure 6.1. Bathymetri c map o
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'~. tU 68 6JO 25° 63° 24° 24° 2
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) ) 130 the fine-grained sediment ~
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) ì ~ Figure 6.2. Potential-temper
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) l" (W) H.Ld30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 to 0
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~ ~ en flU) H.1d30 0 0 0 0 0 II 0 0
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) j) 3 An: 1845 ------ POTENTIAL TE
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) ) STA An 1835 POTENTIAL TEMPERATU
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~ ) ~ v in in in lO in ~ in ~ ~ 0 v
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''' \-." PO TEN T/A L TEMPERATURE
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, ) ) 139 Figure 6.3. Potential tem
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. "- \ '-_/ 60° . . " . ,. .. . .
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) \ ) At Station 1826, twenty-two k
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) 143 Figure 6.4. Traces of potenti
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) ) -. ~ 4000 4500 ~ 5000 ~ c: 5500
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) ) 146 Figure 6.5. Diagram of pote
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The silicate values plotted against
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\ / \ í --_/
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Secti on 1 (Crest) TABLE 6.2. CALCU
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eference level above the crest of t
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\ ) )
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156 substantial flow not indicated
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'ì j .)
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) ) ./
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) )
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) \ j Lf ¡ ii~ l1 .. ~õ .. g~ -z
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. ) ) Figure 6.10. Progressi ve vec
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oad opposing flows, one to the WNW
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) .)
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InN 0 ve m b e r, 1 9 7 1, a s e co
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., J , l -j
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progressive vector diagrams (Fig. 6
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(Fig. 6.13). The strongest currents
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)/ )
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\ I / \ j
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Figure 6.14 176
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) ) Greater Antilles Outer Ridge, a
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) ) Figure 6.15. i 79 Summary of di
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Fig u re 6. i 5 180
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) , ! j INTRODUCTION CHAPTER VI I S
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) ) Figure 7.1. 183 Locati ons of s
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\ . I ) ) Fi gure 7. 1 24° NARES 6
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, ,J / \ j 186 Figure 7.2. Light-sc
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has been di scussed. As poi nted ou
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\ ) l j
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191 Fig. 6. 2) i son 1 y a b 0 u to
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12 pg/liter, compared with an avera
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) -)
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9 u re 7. 4 196
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) .J Figure 7.5. Scanning e 1 e c t
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9 u re 7. 5
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) J thus accounting for this grain
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) _/ single bottom-sediment sample
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) ) concentrations when the weighti
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) ~) ! . 205 Figure 7.6. Relationsh
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~. \~ SAMPLE THICKNESS (p) 0.45 0.0
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" ) ) TABLE 7.2. MINERALOGY OF SUSP
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) / ) Fig u re 7. 7 . 210 X-ray di
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, ~ .. ,) \ ) " u 211 C\ CD C\ ~ (j
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) -) 14 cm/sec. 213 The rate of dep
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) ) J Any extensive erosion on the
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)/ ) ~ PREVIOUS THEORIES CHAPTER VI
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) ) 219 Figure 8.1. Schematic sketc
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ì / \ .) W ZWU0W W -l Cl Cl :i 0 t
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) . ) -~ sediment types and to laye
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) ) there are also other factors wh
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) , ~ 225 Figure 8.2. Synthesis of
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) ) / w zwuow w ~ -l o r- w -l o ~
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'~. ...-- TABLE 8.1. COMPARISON OF
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) \ --) configuration of this pocke
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) )
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) increased flow of AABW westward a
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1) )
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sedi ment was bei ng eroded in the
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, ) .. / )
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) )
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241 the Caicos Outer Ridge is suffi
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De t ail e d com po sit ion a 1 com
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normally must be determined by cori
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) ) REFERENCES CITED Amos, A.F. and
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') 249 Bunce, E. T . ~J . D . Phill
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) \ ) Fuglister, F.C. (1960) Atlant
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) ) Kennett, J.P. and P. Huddlestun
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\ ) ì ./ Reynolds, R.C. and J. How
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) ) 257 Worthington,L.V. andW.R.Wri
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.) ~) APPENDIX I SEDIMENT CORES Cor
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0 Li E 0 +' +' QJ oSa: 0 u +' 1t~0
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E Q) 0 c -i Q) Q) Q) Q) -i Q) c u 0
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) / APPENDI X I I BOTTOM PHOTOGRAPH
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) ) TABLE A2.1. BOTTOM PHOTOGRAPHS
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TABLE A2.1. BOTTOM PHOTOGRAPHS (Con
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) TABLE A2.1. BOTTOM PHOTOGRAPHS (C
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) ) TABLE A2.1. BOTTOM PHOTOGRAPHS
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) ) CH 36 CH 57 CH 75 KN 25 KN 25 T
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) / ) KN 25 KN 25 KN 25 LL 8 LL 8 T
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TABLE A2.1. BOTTOM PHOTOGRAPHS (Con
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)~J . / ) APPENDIX III SUSPENDED PA
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) ) s. -i M a LO .. .. Q) -l.. ~ a
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) ~ .. a i. M N M Q) ~.. M i. .- LO
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\,-/ '-- TABLE A3.1. SUSPENDED PART
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~ vane which penetrated deeper into
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~ ) ~ ~ \ ji 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 WA
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, ) ) 289 Figure A4.2. Plots of wat
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\. ~ WATER CONTENT (%ORY WT) SHEAR
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) \ j 291 Figure A4.3. Plots of wat
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, ',, ~ .~ WATER CONTENT (% DRY WT.
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') ) 293 Figure A4.4. Plots of wate
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, ) )
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, ) )
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'. I ) )
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) ) ~ ~ ~ WATER CONTENT (%DRY WT) 6
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) ) Figure A4.7. Plots of water con
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) Fig u re A4. 7 300
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) ) ./ 301 Figure A4.8. Plots of wa
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) ) t\-- §" ~ o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ V) a Q:
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) ) Fi g u re A4. 9 . 303 Plots of
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) ) tI WATER CONTENT (% DRY WT) 60
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~ ) -) 305 Figure A4.10. Plots of w
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o (/ ) ~ i. l. ~ 12 ) 4 8 16 20 306
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. I ) .)
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) )
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) ) V) ~l. ~ WATER CONTENT (%DRY WT
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) ) 311 Figure A4.13. Plots of wate
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\ ' ) ) ./
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Tucholke, B.E., C.D. Hollister, and
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~' \'~ -i -1. -ater "'ge - f1odsile
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\ ) ) UNCLASSIFI ED 1/31/74 SECURIT
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