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Hersey, J.B. (1965) Sediment ponding in the deep sea: Geol. Soc. America BulL., v. 76, p. 1251-1260. 252 Hollist~r, C.D. (1967) Sediment distribution and deep circulation in the western North Atlantic: unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Columbia University, New York. Hollister, C.D. and B.C. Heezen (1972) Beological effects of ocean bottom currents: western North Atlantic: in Gordon, A.L. (ed.), Studies in Physical OceanograPhy, Go~don and Br~ach, New York, v. 2, p. 37-66. Hollister, C.D., J.I. Ewing, D. Habib, J.C. Hathaway, Y. Lancelot, H. Luterbacher, F.J. Paulus, C.W. Poag, J.A. Wilcoxon and .P. Worstell (1972) Sites 102-103-104- Blake-Bahama Outer Ridge (northern end): in Hollister, C.D., J.I. Ewing and others, Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, U.S. Gov't. Printing Office, W as h i n g ton, v. 1 i, p. 1 35- 2 18 . H 0 ski n s, H. (1967) S e ism i c re f 1 e c t ion 0 b s e r vat ion son the At 1 ant i c con tin e n tal she 1 f, s lop e, and r i s e sou the a s t of New England: Jour. Geology, v. 75, p. 598-611. Jacobs, M.B. and M. Ewing (1965) Mineralogy of particulate mat t e r s us pen d e d i ii sea wa t e r : S c i en c e, v. 149, p. 179-180. Jacobs, M.B. (1970) Clay mineral investigations of Cretaceous and Quaternary deep sea sediments of the North American Basin: Jour. Sed. Petrology, v. 40, p. 864-868. Johnson, G.L. and P.R. Vogt (1971) Morphology of the Bermuda Rise: Deep-Sea Res., v. 18, p. 605-617. Jonas, E.C. and H.E. Roberson (1960) Particle size as a factor influencing expansion of the three-layer clay minerals: Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 828-838. Jonas, E.C. and R.M. Oliver (1967) Size and shape of montmorillonite crystallites: Clays and Clay Minerals, Proc. 15th Clay Minerals Conf., Pergamon Press, New York, p. 27-33. Jones, E.J.W., M. Ewing, J.I. Ewing and S.L. Eittreim (1970) Infl uences of Norwegi an Sea overfl~w water on sedimentation in the northern North Atlantic and Labrador Sea: J 0 u r . G e 0 p h y s. Res., v. 7 5, p. 16 5 5- 1680 . Justin, G.M. and M.L. Tefft (1966) Improved accuracy of rapi d mi cro carbon and hydrogen method by modi fi ed combustion-absorption techniques: Microchemical Jour., v. 10, p. 236-243. )
) ) Kennett, J.P. and P. Huddlestun (1912) Late Pleistocene paleoclimatology, foraminiferal biostratigraphy and tephrochronology, western Gulf of Mexico: Quaternary Res., v. 2, p. 38-69. 253 Konrad, J.G., G. Chesters and D.R. Keeney (1970) Determination of organic- and carbonate-carbon in freshwater lake sediments by a microcombustion procedure: Jour. Thermal Anal., v. 2, p. 199-208. Kuenen, Ph.H. (1965) Experiments in connection with turbidity currents and clay suspensions: in Whittard, W.F. and R. Bradshaw (eds.)~ Submarine GeOTogy and Geophysics, Colston Papers, v. 17, p. 47-71. Lafond, E.C. (1951) Processing oceanograp~ic data: U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office Publ. 614,114 pp. Laughton, A.S., W.A. Berggren, R.N. Benson, T.A. Davies, . U. Franz, L.F. Musich, K. Perch-Nielsen,A.S. Ruffman, J.E. van Hinte and R.B. Whitmarsh t1972) Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, U.S. Gov1t. Printing Office, Washington, .v. 12, 1243 pp. Le Pichon, X., S.L. Eittreim and W.J. Ludwig (1971) Sediment transport and distribution in the Argentine Basin. i. Antarctic Bottom Current passage through the Falkland Fracture Zone: in Ahrens, L.H., and others (eds.), Physi cs and ChemlStry of the Earth, Pergamon Press, New Yo r k, v. 8, p. 3 - 2 8. Lisitzin, A.P. (1972) Sedimentation in the World Ocean: Soc. Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Spec. PubL. 17, 218 pp. . Ludwig, W.J., J.E. Nafe and C.L. Drake (1970) Seismic refraction: in Maxwell, A.E. (ed.), The Sea, Wiley- Interscience,New York, v. 4, p. 53-84. Markl, R.G., G.M. Bryan and J.I. Ewing (1970) Structure of the Bi ake-Bahama Outer Ri dge: Jour. Geophys. Res., v. 75, p. 4539-4555. Mat the w s, D . J. (1939) Tab 1 e s 0 f the vel 0 city 0 f sou n din pur e water and sea water for use in echo sounding and echo ranging: Admiralty Hydrographic Dept., London, 52 p. Mattson, P.H. and E.A. Pessagno, Jr. (1971) Caribbean Eocene volcanism and the extent of Horizon A: Science, v. 174, p. 138-139.
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I "a f IMods Hole '" ~ o c.,,~tlOGR
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parent sediment on the eastern oute
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esearch. 5 )
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Res u 1 ts. . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Figure 3.12 Echo-sounding profile (
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Fi gure 6.14 6. 15 7. 1 7.2 7.3 7.4
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\ I ) Table 4. 1 4.2 5.1 5.2 5.3 6.
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION The area inv
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) \ .1 Fi gure i. 1. Bathymetry of
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~. ~ 71° 70° tI 68 fJ0 25° 7' 25
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) ) This is expected since most of
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GENERAL DES CRI PT I ON CHAPTE R I
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j
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egi onal contours. An area centered
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this region. However, all of these
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'"-, i~ 7t 70° 6f 68 67° 25° 72
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Fig u r e 3. 2 . CON RA D 10 s e is
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sequence corresponds to layered tur
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) . .) Figure 3.3. Map showing domi
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"- '''--.- 25° ................. .
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) ) others, 1973), and the upper po
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) Figure 3.5. CONRAD 8 seismic refl
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. Q) 3W/L NOI.L~ l( . (Y CI s. :: 0
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.) Figure 3.6. Idealized profile al
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) ) a: 0 ~ ~ (J L. Z Q) a: ~ lU UJ
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) ) Figure 3.7. CONRAD 10 seismic r
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i- (Y (1 ~:: en or- LL 47
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) ) THE TRANSPARENT LAYER The distr
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Fi gure 3.8. CH A I N 34 s e ism i
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co . (Y (l So :: O' "r- Li 51
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) 53
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) Figure 3.9. CONRAD 10 seismic ref
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0' (V CJ s. :: O' ... LL 55
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\ J ) Figure 3.10. Seismic reflecti
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or- . (V Q) S- :: rn Li 58
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ì ) Figure 3.11. CONRAD 10 seismic
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l UJ .líliiiP',,:... ¡ '"'" ~ ' ~
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) .I Figure 3.12. Echo-soundi ng pr
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N CV OJ s. :: 01 l. 62
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) ) Figure 3.13. CONRAD 10 seismic
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(' r- (' (j $. :: en 'r- LL 64
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) ) GENERAL LITHOLOGY CHAPTER iv TH
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~ , ) Figure 4.1. General lithology
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.'-/ '..-/ AIr 60-8 A II 60-8 An60~
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average of 80% lutite (~ 2 ~m) and
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10 m2, with an average value of 1.3
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The laminated zones and overlying p
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) ) Figure 4.7. Graph of carbonate
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) ) z 0 N O~ E I i ,,_.' i." I ." .
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) ì i Figure 4.8. Curves of carbon
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currents have transported many Fora
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increased dissolution (elevated lys
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TABLE 4.1. MINERALOGY OF THE c 2 ~m
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the following peaks and weighting f
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Obvi ous ly, di 1 uti on of the nor
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The m i n era log i c a 1 com po si
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gray 1 uti t e s per s i s t n ear
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TABLE 5.1. AVERAGE RATES OF SEDIMEN
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and thus the T-Z zonation (Fig. 5.1
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TABLE 5.2. AVERAGE RATES OF SEDIMEN
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Cl z: c: l/ l. i- c: Cl z: o OJ IX
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consolidated (A.J. Silva, pers. com
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) ) _/
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in age, and the ash is probably ass
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') .I \...../
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122 must result from mixing with th
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eas twa rd flow of NADW between 150
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whi ch recorded currents for about
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ottom photographs in February, 1972
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Several important features were obs
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141 turn north in the western part
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145 bottle spacing. An example is t
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~() ~ 3.0 ~ ~ ) ~ ~i. ) .. ~ 2.0 ~i
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) ) Figure 6.6. Silicate ("g-atoms/
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) ) ~ 2.2 ~ 2.0 t2 ~ tt ~" 1.8 .. ~
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,) -) 152 structure persist at and
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) ~) 154 Figure 6.7. Current patter
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) ) 72° DEPTH IN CORR. METERS Fi g
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) ) speeds of 2 cm/sec (the stall s
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) I / Fi gure6. 8. 158 Progressi ve
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" ) / ) 10 19 17 5 5616 M 5801 M N
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) ) ~ 160 Figure 6.9. Polar histogr
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,) B(LOWER) START 22 B(UPPER) START
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) ) Figure 6.11. Polar histogram of
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) 2700 ) 00 1800 F; g u re 6. 11 C
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, ) ) _/ Figure 6.12. 168 Progress
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\ --~ E START 21 5 30 12 XI 21 xu )
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) / i I .~J the flow recorded at cu
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) Figure 6.13. Directions and relat
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') ./ ) ,j 70° 68° 66° ~~oo · "
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Fig u re 6. 14. i 75 Bottom photogr
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S e c t ion 2 (F i g s. 6. 1, 6. 7)
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northwest flow along the west flank
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filter (0.50 lJmpore size). After f
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. '! ) ) ,./ 2.2 ~ 2.i () '- 2.0 ~
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) ) Figure 7.3. Light-scattering pr
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'\. './. V 23-7 V 23-6 V 25-74 V 25
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extensive erosion on the lower cont
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) \/ (SEM) to determine composition
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\ ) ) Figure 7.4. 195 Scanning elec
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The less than 2 ~m (lutite) fractio
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201 In a sample where additional cl
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TAB LE 7. 1. CALCULATE D CLAY MI NE
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:1 / , ì j
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cannot always be accepted at face v
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The apparent enrichment of chlorite
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Page 306 and 307: in favor of the concept that the su
Page 308 and 309: on the north flank of the far easte
Page 310 and 311: that enough suspended matter has be
Page 312 and 313: The following pages describe a mode
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Page 316 and 317: series of ridges associated with an
Page 318 and 319: Eocene to 01 i gocene (Monroe, 1968
Page 320 and 321: :') ¡i )
Page 322 and 323: \ i / ') ./
Page 324 and 325: (Table 8.1). The interbedded silts
Page 326 and 327: 229 Chase and Hersey, 1968). The th
Page 329 and 330: \ ! Figure 8.3. 231 Schematic diagr
Page 332 and 333: Downslope sedimentation covered the
Page 335 and 336: ) 235 Fi gure 8.4. Sketch showi ng
Page 337 and 338: '\ l ) ~z w u w a: o ~ wz w o u ~ w
Page 339 and 340: ) / the same event of current-contr
Page 341 and 342: ) Figure 8.5. Idealized representat
Page 343 and 344: ) \ ) d / 'I i II I Ii I i I i I I
Page 345 and 346: ) \ ) formed earlier depositional s
Page 347 and 348: ) ) homogenei ty of the sediments o
Page 349: ) ) 2 ) Sou t h S lop e - P u e rt
Page 352 and 353: 248 Biscaye, P.E. and S.L. Eittreim
Page 354 and 355: Ericson, D.B., M. Ewing, G. Wollin
Page 358 and 359: McCullough, J.R. and G.H. Tupper (1
Page 360 and 361: Swallow, J.C. and L.V. Worthington
Page 362 and 363: " ) )
Page 364 and 365: 259 approximation of the amount of
Page 366 and 367: s ~ 0 ~ Q) o '- CO 0 U ~ it \f0 Q)
Page 368 and 369: ) )
Page 370 and 371: Crui se All 11 All 11 AII 60 Leg 8
Page 372 and 373: TABLE A2.1. BOTTOM PHOTOGRAPHS (Con
Page 374 and 375: TABLE A2.1. BOTTOM PHOTOGRAPHS (Con
Page 376 and 377: TAB LE A2. 1. BOTTOM PHOTOGRAPHS (C
Page 378 and 379: CH 19 CH 19 CH 19 CH 34 CH 34 TABLE
Page 380 and 381: KN25 KN 25 KN 25 KN 25 TABLE A2.1.
Page 382 and 383: LL 8 LL 8 LL 8 LL 8 LL 8 SA C ru is
Page 384 and 385: ) )
Page 386 and 387: s. .. M i. 0 1. " .. QJ ..- N .. C'
Page 388 and 389: ~.. c. 0' 0 .. Q)+l- ~ 0' 0' 0 ~ M
Page 390 and 391: TABLE A3.1. SUSPENDED PARTICULATE M
Page 393 and 394: ) -) APPENDIX IV PHYSICAL PROPERTIE
Page 395: ) ) Figure A4.1. Plots of water con
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Page 402 and 403: \ )
Page 404 and 405: ') /
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) /) 295 Figure A4.5. Plots of wate
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'-. ~, 160 SHEAR STRENGTH 30 50 (g/
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) ) Figure A4.6. Plots of water con
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) ) 307 Fi gure A4.11. Plots of wat
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"-, ',, WATER CONTENT (% DRY WEIGHT
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) j 309 Figure A4.12. Plots of wate
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) 312 WATER CONTENT (%DRY WT) SHEAR
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) J BIOGRAPHY Born: Ma rch 19, 1946
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') \ ) ~UWDATORY DISTRIBUTION LIST
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) J
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UNCLASSI FIED 1/31/74 SECURITY CLAS
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