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filter (0.50 lJmpore size). After filtration, filters were rinsed five times with distilled water to remove salts. The samples were air dried and weighed in the shore laboratory after they had equilibrated with the laboratory atmosphere. The precision of the procedure is 50 lJg for total suspended matter (Spencer and Sachs, 1970). Weights of total suspended matter collected per sample ranged from 120 to 1650 lJg. CON CENTRAT I ON AN 0 D I STRI BUT I ON The particulate matter concentrations ranged from 6 to 63 lJg per liter of sea water; all values greater than 40 lJg/l i te r we re res t ri cted to the depth range 5050- 5400 m, and concentrations dropped abruptly above and below these depths. Since all samples were collected in standard hydrocasts, the concentrations can be plotted accurately against potential temperature (Fig. 7.2), thus relating suspended matter to the water mass which is transporting it. The average concentrations for discrete potential temperature intervals are: 1.51 to 1.60°8 - 15 lJg/liter (34 samples), 1.61 to 1.70°8 - 31 lJg/liter (29 samples), 1.71 to 1.80°8 - 22 lJg/liter (32 samples), and 1.81 to 1.90°8 - 14 lJg/liter (3 samples). Samples taken at individual stations seldom showed a regular pattern of 185 increasing or decreasing concentrations toward the sea floor. The overall circulation pattern responsible for transporting suspended matter to the Greater Antilles Outer Ridge ') )
, ,J / \ j 186 Figure 7.2. Light-scattering profiles (Eittreim and Ewing, 1972) and suspended-matter concentrations plotted against potential temperature. The potenti al-temperature curves used to plot the light-scattering profiles are from hydrographic casts (shown in parentheses) taken within 22 km of the nephelometer stations. Profile Cll-196 was made in Vema Gap; the other profiles are from the Greater Anti lles Outer Ri dge. See Figure 7.1 for locations. In the lightscattering profiles, values öf film exposure (E) are normalized to the exposure in the clearest water (Eo)(Eittreim and Ewing, 1972).
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I "a f IMods Hole '" ~ o c.,,~tlOGR
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parent sediment on the eastern oute
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esearch. 5 )
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Res u 1 ts. . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Figure 3.12 Echo-sounding profile (
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Fi gure 6.14 6. 15 7. 1 7.2 7.3 7.4
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\ I ) Table 4. 1 4.2 5.1 5.2 5.3 6.
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION The area inv
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) \ .1 Fi gure i. 1. Bathymetry of
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~. ~ 71° 70° tI 68 fJ0 25° 7' 25
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) ) This is expected since most of
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GENERAL DES CRI PT I ON CHAPTE R I
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j
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egi onal contours. An area centered
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this region. However, all of these
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'"-, i~ 7t 70° 6f 68 67° 25° 72
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Fig u r e 3. 2 . CON RA D 10 s e is
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sequence corresponds to layered tur
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) . .) Figure 3.3. Map showing domi
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"- '''--.- 25° ................. .
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) ) others, 1973), and the upper po
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) Figure 3.5. CONRAD 8 seismic refl
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. Q) 3W/L NOI.L~ l( . (Y CI s. :: 0
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.) Figure 3.6. Idealized profile al
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) ) a: 0 ~ ~ (J L. Z Q) a: ~ lU UJ
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) ) Figure 3.7. CONRAD 10 seismic r
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i- (Y (1 ~:: en or- LL 47
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) ) THE TRANSPARENT LAYER The distr
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Fi gure 3.8. CH A I N 34 s e ism i
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co . (Y (l So :: O' "r- Li 51
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) 53
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) Figure 3.9. CONRAD 10 seismic ref
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0' (V CJ s. :: O' ... LL 55
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\ J ) Figure 3.10. Seismic reflecti
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or- . (V Q) S- :: rn Li 58
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ì ) Figure 3.11. CONRAD 10 seismic
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l UJ .líliiiP',,:... ¡ '"'" ~ ' ~
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) .I Figure 3.12. Echo-soundi ng pr
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N CV OJ s. :: 01 l. 62
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) ) Figure 3.13. CONRAD 10 seismic
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(' r- (' (j $. :: en 'r- LL 64
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) ) GENERAL LITHOLOGY CHAPTER iv TH
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~ , ) Figure 4.1. General lithology
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.'-/ '..-/ AIr 60-8 A II 60-8 An60~
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average of 80% lutite (~ 2 ~m) and
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10 m2, with an average value of 1.3
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The laminated zones and overlying p
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) ) Figure 4.7. Graph of carbonate
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) ) z 0 N O~ E I i ,,_.' i." I ." .
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) ì i Figure 4.8. Curves of carbon
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currents have transported many Fora
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increased dissolution (elevated lys
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TABLE 4.1. MINERALOGY OF THE c 2 ~m
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the following peaks and weighting f
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Obvi ous ly, di 1 uti on of the nor
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The m i n era log i c a 1 com po si
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gray 1 uti t e s per s i s t n ear
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TABLE 5.1. AVERAGE RATES OF SEDIMEN
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and thus the T-Z zonation (Fig. 5.1
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TABLE 5.2. AVERAGE RATES OF SEDIMEN
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Cl z: c: l/ l. i- c: Cl z: o OJ IX
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consolidated (A.J. Silva, pers. com
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in age, and the ash is probably ass
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122 must result from mixing with th
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eas twa rd flow of NADW between 150
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whi ch recorded currents for about
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,) , ,
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ottom photographs in February, 1972
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Several important features were obs
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141 turn north in the western part
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145 bottle spacing. An example is t
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~() ~ 3.0 ~ ~ ) ~ ~i. ) .. ~ 2.0 ~i
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) ) Figure 6.6. Silicate ("g-atoms/
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Page 221 and 222: ,) -) 152 structure persist at and
Page 223 and 224: ) ~) 154 Figure 6.7. Current patter
Page 225 and 226: ) ) 72° DEPTH IN CORR. METERS Fi g
Page 227 and 228: ) ) speeds of 2 cm/sec (the stall s
Page 229 and 230: ) I / Fi gure6. 8. 158 Progressi ve
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Page 233: ) ) ~ 160 Figure 6.9. Polar histogr
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Page 239 and 240: ,) B(LOWER) START 22 B(UPPER) START
Page 241 and 242: ) ) Figure 6.11. Polar histogram of
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Page 245 and 246: , ) ) _/ Figure 6.12. 168 Progress
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Page 249 and 250: ) / i I .~J the flow recorded at cu
Page 251 and 252: ) Figure 6.13. Directions and relat
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Page 255: Fig u re 6. 14. i 75 Bottom photogr
Page 258 and 259: S e c t ion 2 (F i g s. 6. 1, 6. 7)
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Page 264 and 265: northwest flow along the west flank
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Page 273 and 274: . '! ) ) ,./ 2.2 ~ 2.i () '- 2.0 ~
Page 275 and 276: ) ) Figure 7.3. Light-scattering pr
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Page 279 and 280: extensive erosion on the lower cont
Page 281 and 282: ) \/ (SEM) to determine composition
Page 283: \ ) ) Figure 7.4. 195 Scanning elec
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Page 290 and 291: The less than 2 ~m (lutite) fractio
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Page 294 and 295: TAB LE 7. 1. CALCULATE D CLAY MI NE
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Page 300 and 301: cannot always be accepted at face v
Page 302 and 303: The apparent enrichment of chlorite
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Page 306 and 307: in favor of the concept that the su
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Page 310 and 311: that enough suspended matter has be
Page 312 and 313: The following pages describe a mode
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Page 316 and 317: series of ridges associated with an
Page 318 and 319: Eocene to 01 i gocene (Monroe, 1968
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(Table 8.1). The interbedded silts
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229 Chase and Hersey, 1968). The th
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\ ! Figure 8.3. 231 Schematic diagr
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Downslope sedimentation covered the
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) 235 Fi gure 8.4. Sketch showi ng
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'\ l ) ~z w u w a: o ~ wz w o u ~ w
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) / the same event of current-contr
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) Figure 8.5. Idealized representat
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) \ ) d / 'I i II I Ii I i I i I I
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) \ ) formed earlier depositional s
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) ) homogenei ty of the sediments o
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) ) 2 ) Sou t h S lop e - P u e rt
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248 Biscaye, P.E. and S.L. Eittreim
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Ericson, D.B., M. Ewing, G. Wollin
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Hersey, J.B. (1965) Sediment pondin
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McCullough, J.R. and G.H. Tupper (1
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Swallow, J.C. and L.V. Worthington
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259 approximation of the amount of
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s ~ 0 ~ Q) o '- CO 0 U ~ it \f0 Q)
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Crui se All 11 All 11 AII 60 Leg 8
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TABLE A2.1. BOTTOM PHOTOGRAPHS (Con
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TABLE A2.1. BOTTOM PHOTOGRAPHS (Con
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TAB LE A2. 1. BOTTOM PHOTOGRAPHS (C
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CH 19 CH 19 CH 19 CH 34 CH 34 TABLE
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KN25 KN 25 KN 25 KN 25 TABLE A2.1.
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LL 8 LL 8 LL 8 LL 8 LL 8 SA C ru is
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s. .. M i. 0 1. " .. QJ ..- N .. C'
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~.. c. 0' 0 .. Q)+l- ~ 0' 0' 0 ~ M
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TABLE A3.1. SUSPENDED PARTICULATE M
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) -) APPENDIX IV PHYSICAL PROPERTIE
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) ) Figure A4.1. Plots of water con
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) /) 295 Figure A4.5. Plots of wate
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'-. ~, 160 SHEAR STRENGTH 30 50 (g/
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) ) Figure A4.6. Plots of water con
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) ) 307 Fi gure A4.11. Plots of wat
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"-, ',, WATER CONTENT (% DRY WEIGHT
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) j 309 Figure A4.12. Plots of wate
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) 312 WATER CONTENT (%DRY WT) SHEAR
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) J BIOGRAPHY Born: Ma rch 19, 1946
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') \ ) ~UWDATORY DISTRIBUTION LIST
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) J
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UNCLASSI FIED 1/31/74 SECURITY CLAS
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