POPs IN AFRICA HAZARDOUS WASTE TRADE 1980 - 2000 ... - Arte

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197McLeod, Science for the People, September/October, <strong>1980</strong>. Pretext/Fate: Dumping Status: Actual Three Texas U.S.-based firms -- Diamond Shamrock, Quanex and Arbuckle Machinery -- allegedly shipped PCB wastes that they had generated to Mexico, South Africa and the Dominican Republic in <strong>1980</strong>. 197 Scheme: Mercury Date: 1988 Type of Waste: Mercury Sludge Source: U.S. Exporter: American Cyanamid Pretext/Fate: Recycling Status: Active In a deal between Thor Chemicals of Natal, South Africa and American Cyanamid of New Jersey, 120 drums of mercurycontaminated wastes have been exported from the U.S. to South Africa each year since 1986. Annual shipments total 32,400 pounds. The wastes are exported at least twice a year via Jersey City, New Jersey and are imported via Durban, South Africa. The wastes are then shipped to Thor Chemicals in Cato Ridge, Natal, where the sludge is burned in a smelter. Most of the waste is sludge; but in 1986, the shipments included contaminated steel pipes and rings, “cleanout liquids,” and mercury-contaminated lime. 198 For a complete story on Thor Chemicals and American Cyanamid, please see Greenpeace publication The International Trade in Wastes: A Greenpeace Inventory (Fifth Edition 1990). Scheme: Ciba Geigy Date: 1989 Type of Waste: Chemical Source: Switzerland Exporter: Ciba-Geigy Pretext/Fate: Incineration Status: Active Swiss wastes are being exported by chemical giant Ciba-Geigy to South Africa for incineration. Although Swiss regulations prohibit waste exports to South Africa, Ciba-Geigy has managed to get permits from West Germany and Great Britain to export the wastes through Rotterdam, Holland to a subsidiary in South 198U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Export Notice Records, 1986-1987; Peter Younghusband, “Toxic Waste Shipment to South Africa Defended,” Washington Times, July 14, 1988. 101
Africa. 199 199West German Radio Station DRS, 1989; Greenpeace Switzerland. Scheme: Sanders Date: 1989 Type of Waste: Toxic Source: Europe and the US Broker: S.D. Sanders Pretext/Fate: Incineration, Domestic Disposal Facility Status: Unclear In February 1989, the South African Minister of the Environment Affairs, Gert Kotze, said that his country was considering importing toxic wastes in order to make a local toxic waste facility viable. Kotze said that his earlier statements proclaiming South Africa off limits to foreign waste dumping still stand, but that in the future South Africa would have to process its own waste, and, it may be necessary to have a large enough facility to accept foreign waste. Kotze asked the Council for the Environment to study the issue. Following Kotze’s announcement, the South African government secretly began studying plans to build a toxic waste dump site near Alexander Bay, which is along South Africa’s border with Namibia. If the South African government approves the plan, 500,000 tons of toxic wastes could be dumped each year along the South Africa-Namibia border. In 1988, a developer named S.D. Sanders of Newlands, South Africa, first proposed building a waste landfill and incinerator at Saldanha Bay, near Cape Town whose population is about 700,000. The South African Council for the Environment turned down the Saldanha plan on environmental grounds in November 1988. Sanders’ plan resurfaced after he and government officials agreed that building a massive waste disposal plant in Alexander Bay (rather than Saldanha) was “opportune and advantageous for the development of the region.” The Regional Development Council, a government body, called the project a “strategic necessity.” On May 16, 1989, the South African government gave a conditional approval to Sanders’ plan. The project remained secret until early July 1989, when it was uncovered by South African journalists. Sanders denied the existence of the waste import scheme, telling a reporter that “you must have your wires crossed.” Economic pressures likely are fueling South Africa’s desire to import foreign wastes. Sanctions have sharply cut the flow of foreign currency into South Africa, and a toxic waste dump would be a tremendous money earner: this particular proposal 102
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POPs IN AFRICA HAZARDOUS WASTE TRAD
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CONTENTS 2 PAGE INTRODUCTION 4 Haza
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HAZARDOUS WASTE EXPORTS TO AFRICA 1
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Convention (COP3) held in 1995, the
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The POPs treaty With these destruct
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These are known as unwanted, obsole
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Product responsibility substances w
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„It is not the policy of the indu
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POSITIONS OF AFRICAN INTERGOVERNMEN
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17 Especially with the song “Toxi
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REGIONAL WASTE TRADE SCHEMES Waste
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d) several desalinisation plants; e
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OBSOLETE PESTICIDE STOCKS IN AFRICA
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30 Journal of Commerce, December 23
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Pretext/Fate: Dumping and $12.5 Mil
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Scheme: The Syndicate I Date: proba
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CAMEROON “From 1985 to 1997, Buru
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CAPE VERDE make place at all (see a
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million francs in exchange for the
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The process was to be administered
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Inc., a U.S. waste broker firm base
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COTE D’IVOIRE American companies.
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69 Die Tageszeitung, Berlin, (AFP q
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Background information on Taurus: T
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Source: Europe Exporter: Emvatrex (
Page 51 and 52: Waste import schemes: Scheme: Forei
Page 53 and 54: According to French environmental o
Page 55 and 56: less-industrialized countries to st
Page 57 and 58: involved in the scheme. 95 Scheme:
Page 59 and 60: • Lindaco Ltd., Delaware, U.S. Li
Page 61 and 62: and Natural Resources, Josiah Kimem
Page 63 and 64: LIBERIA BASEL LOMÉ IV / COTONOU BA
Page 65 and 66: offered to purchase medicines worth
Page 67 and 68: Obsolete Pesticides: In Mali there
Page 69 and 70: of one million Deutschmarks (over U
Page 71 and 72: talked to the Baden-Wuerttemberg st
Page 73 and 74: NAMIBIA 140 GCPF 01/2001 141 Xinhua
Page 75 and 76: origin”. 147 Copper ores from dif
Page 77 and 78: aware of the Namibian government´s
Page 79 and 80: concurs fully with resolutions pass
Page 81 and 82: arrangement between Italian busines
Page 83 and 84: 163West Africa, January 9-15, 1989.
Page 85 and 86: 167West Africa, June 19-25; Xinhua,
Page 87 and 88: COUNTRIES want our waste, why shoul
Page 89 and 90: concent of government. You are awar
Page 91 and 92: ...We wiish to make a formal contac
Page 93 and 94: SENEGAL BASEL LOMÉ IV / COTONOU BA
Page 95 and 96: SEYCHELLES some 100 tonnes carbaryl
Page 97 and 98: Tests run on the wastes determined
Page 99 and 100: SOMALIA ICI, Kocide, Mitsuituatso,
Page 101: Note: The section on South Africa h
Page 105 and 106: 203 ibid. “ABC” with participat
Page 107 and 108: It was allowed to circumvent the wo
Page 109 and 110: SWAZILAND tonnes.” 210 BASEL LOM
Page 111 and 112: The Hon Shamhuna said as far as he
Page 113 and 114: inflammable substances. The Togoles
Page 115 and 116: One of the systems is proposed for
Page 117 and 118: ZIMBABWE has been successfully remo
Page 119: According to James de Vita, the U.S
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POPs IN AFRICA HAZARDOUS WASTE TRADE 1980 - 2000 ... - Arte

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