WBC-VIII-Vol.4 – Resources – Forestry, Plantations and ... - BambuSC

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Discussion Because of their very fast growth, bamboos fit well in the bank’s lending systems. Returns on bamboo investments are comparable with any other method of farming systems. Annual income from bamboos after a short period of gestation, makes them suited for Farm / agroforestry on small land holdings of small and marginal farmers. Within such bamboo plantations, intercrops like soybean, zinger, turmeric, mustard & various medicinal plants can be successfully cultivated at least for two years, which also gives substantial income to the farmers. In fact, with Bambusa vulgaris, a family continues to get a steady annual income for several decades (Chaturvedi 1986). With little planning and efforts, the bamboo poles can be converted into several bamboo products, fetching better price, thus assisting the poor families in improving their economic status. The present scheme promoted by NABARD aims at commercialization of Bamboo in an area where, so far, no commercial Forestry projects have been successful. As there is a demand for bamboo among farmers and paper mills, the project showed positive results. Bamboo in India is not cultivated under any organised system and sometimes farmers face difficulty in marketing; on the other hand, the artisans face problems in procuring bamboo easily. These aspects have been taken into consideration in the scheme. Overall, there is a good scope of raising bamboo through institutional credit in India (Haque 1997, 2002; Karmakar and Haque 2004). The bamboo plantation technology is now well established, therefore, the introduction and cultivation of desired bamboo species in the pattern of agroforestry is the need of the hour. Bamboo - the poor man’s timber, has the capacity to improve the economic condition of vast members of the rural poor of India ( Haque 2004). As the supply diminishes, there is a need for a major thrust to restore and enlarge the production base (Karki “et. al” 1997). During the past 50 years of India’s independence, bamboo received little attention compared to other timber yielding trees (Biswas 1997).Hopefully, the potential of bamboo in poverty alleviation is being reassessed and its cultivation and proper utilization can make rural communities of India and the country self sufficient and economically strong on wood front, as it has been achieved on the food front with the Green Revolution.It has been observed that bamboo based agroforestry models provide economic returns much faster and higher than Poplar ( Populus sp.) and Eucalyptus sp. (Rawat “et al” 2002). In addition, it provides ancillary benefits due to improvement of environment, flood control, soil and water conservation etc. The Planning Commission, Govt.of India (2001) had identified Bamboo as one of the 6 species for agroforestry plantations. It advocated the use of Clonally Propagated Cutting (CPC) of D. strictus, B. tulda and B. vulgaris besides those of B. nutans for cultivation. It also recommended the research work for selection of plus culms for quality pulp, early and every year flowering, good height and diameter growth including high biomass production per unit basis. The National Mission on Bamboo Technology and Trade Developmentnt (2002) had also recommended identification of potential bamboo for plantation in different agroecological regions, technology upgradation including mass production by tissue culture, plantation technology standardization for afforestation of wastelands, and establishment of primary and secondary processing units of bamboo for value addition, employment generation and poverty alleviation. NABARD supports all bamboo based activities that improve the economic condition of the rural poor in the North Eastern Regions (Haque 2004).The North East has a special significance with respect to bamboo, as about 60% of the bamboo resources of India and 20% of the world are available in the region ( Salam 2006). Victor Brias ( 2005) had recommended that since North East India has the highest concentration of bamboo in the world, by blending modern technology and by cutting across boundaries, bamboo can be used as a universal assets. NABARD is also exploring the possibilities of VIII World Bamboo Congress Proceedings Vol 4-11
promoting new bamboo projects through Forest Development Corporations( FDC) .It has already sanctioned a major bamboo project to the Andhra Pradesh FDC for raising bamboo plantations on 5400 ha degraded forest lands. The major problem faced by NABARD in this venture is the non-availability of quality planting stocks. Bachpai ( 2005) undertook growth studies on 15 clones of B. tulda selected from Assam and Meghalaya States. It was indicated that there were significant differences among genotypes for all the parameters viz. height, diameter at breast height (dbh) and age. The authors concluded that there is an opportunity to select the best plus clumps for further production of improved planting stocks for afforestation and other plantation programmes. Conclusion: The scheme faced difficulties in implementation stage, because Govt. of India announced simultaneously a subsidy based bamboo plantation scheme on farmer’s land under National Bamboo Mission (NBM), which remained a total non-starter for non-forest land development. Because of wide variations in costs of cultivation in NBM scheme, the author and his team prepared three models and sent to NBM for implementation ( Karmakar, Haque and Kumar, 2008). The present paper proved beyond doubt that there are possibilities of channeling credit to small farmers for intensive bamboo cultivation under homestead farming system. Acknowledgements The authors thank Mr. S. Das, District officer, NABARD, Nagaon for coordinating the implementation programme with farmers, NGOs and Banks and to the officials of Assam Gramin Vikas Bank for advancing bank loan to the small farmers. VIII World Bamboo Congress Proceedings Vol 4-12
Page 1 and 2: VOLUME 4 Resources - Forestry, Plan
Page 3 and 4: Planning, Designing and Implementin
Page 5 and 6: As indicated earlier, the major ind
Page 7 and 8: Soil : Most bamboos are found in sa
Page 9 and 10: Financial aspects: Unit cost- The u
Page 11: Repayment period The bank loan was
Page 15 and 16: Planning Commission, 2003. Report o
Page 17 and 18: hectares; bamboo (both natural and
Page 19 and 20: internode length, height, girth, st
Page 21 and 22: Seeds Availability of seed is limit
Page 23 and 24: Oxytenanthera stocksii Pleoblastus
Page 25 and 26: References Anon. 1997. Compendium o
Page 27 and 28: inventory of harvestable volume and
Page 29 and 30: Some climbing bamboos are presently
Page 31 and 32: Research breakthroughs The pioneer
Page 33 and 34: A = 20 mm C = 10 mm Scale: 1-10 mm
Page 35 and 36: Abstract Integrated Management of B
Page 37 and 38: In the other hand, guadua bamboo fo
Page 39 and 40: For bamboo species, models for pred
Page 41 and 42: showed higher coefficient of determ
Page 43 and 44: 30 cm above ground level and closel
Page 45 and 46: . Cumls per clump 40 35 30 25 20 15
Page 47 and 48: Figure 11. Capability of land for g
Page 49 and 50: productivity (Camargo et al. 2007).
Page 51 and 52: esidues (Deuchars et al. 1999). Soi
Page 53 and 54: Conclusions and recommendations For
Page 55 and 56: References Arbeláez, A.C. 1996. Re
Page 57 and 58: Orrego, S.A. ,Del Valle, J.I. 2001.
Page 59 and 60: shoot earlier in the winter. Hence,
Page 61 and 62: Results and Discussion Effects of B
Page 63 and 64:
and Ald, Alp, Alo and AlT. However,
Page 65 and 66:
Panting time Table 1. Soil properti
Page 67 and 68:
Exchangeabl e Al ( mg kg -1 ) 300 2
Page 69 and 70:
Al cont ent ( mg/ kg) 3000 2500 200
Page 71 and 72:
aboveground and belowground competi
Page 73 and 74:
Shoot harvests represent a smaller
Page 75 and 76:
Culm thinning practice The intensit
Page 77 and 78:
the withholding of fertiliser reduc
Page 79 and 80:
References Castaneda-Mendoza A.; Va
Page 81 and 82:
Tree yield (t ha -1 ) 200 (a) 150 1
Page 83 and 84:
Bamboo has called the poorperson’
Page 85 and 86:
Department and Forest Survey of Ind
Page 87 and 88:
Table 4. Total target under NBM in
Page 89 and 90:
1) Statistical information Fundamen
Page 91 and 92:
Abstract Evaluation of Above Ground
Page 93 and 94:
Table 1: Linear relationship betwee
Page 95 and 96:
References Agarwal, A.; Khokhar, D.
Page 97 and 98:
Fig 2. Bamboo Plantation at hill to
Page 99 and 100:
in northern Sudan stretches from ea
Page 101 and 102:
Culm Height Omjamena forest site re
Page 103 and 104:
References Andrews, J. 1950. The fl
Page 105 and 106:
Figure 2. The Studied Bamboo Forest
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Figure 1: A not maintained bamboo f
Page 109 and 110:
amboo forests are not maintained. I
Page 111 and 112:
NPO Kitakyushu Biotope Network Grou
Page 113 and 114:
In the area around the Kitakyushu S
Page 115 and 116:
Number of participants The bamboo f
Page 117 and 118:
Abstract Performance of Exotic Bamb
Page 119 and 120:
The trial sites of Kakamega and Mug
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determining culm weight is by physi
Page 123 and 124:
Table 5: Performance of Cephalostac
Page 125 and 126:
For instance, Table 12 shows that,
Page 127 and 128:
Species to Site Matching Table 16:
Page 129 and 130:
Table 18: General Ranking of Specie
Page 131 and 132:
Table 20: General Ranking of Specie
Page 133 and 134:
Table 22: Relative Yield Performanc
Page 135 and 136:
Table 24: Species per Site - Benchm
Page 137 and 138:
altitude but has excellent growing
Page 139 and 140:
NEMA, (2004). State of the Environm
Page 141 and 142:
Research Site and Method Research i
Page 143 and 144:
Discussion As of the research in 19
Page 145 and 146:
Table 2. Change of density and occu
Page 147 and 148:
Figure 1. Distribution of diameter
Page 149:
2 Figure 3. Distribution of diamete
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WBC-VIII-Vol.4 – Resources – Forestry, Plantations and ... - BambuSC

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