WBC-VIII-Vol.4 – Resources – Forestry, Plantations and ... - BambuSC

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that although D. brandisii has a higher potential yield (see Table 23), the relative performance of B. vulgaris in terms of culm weight is better (see Table 30). It was observed that the culm production of B. vulgaris was the most vigorous in terms of culms per clump. D. Brandisii, followed by D. hamiltonii and D. strictus, show better overall performance than the other species in Kakamega. B. tulda ranks fifth; despite its relatively low culm weight and height, the species shows a high potential yield due to the number of culms per clump. T. siamensis is a small species but it showed very good relative performance in terms of culm height and number of culms per clump. However, the culms of this species are naturally small, and hence it ranked poorly in terms of potential yield. T. siamensis was planted using a spacing of 5m x 5m in the trials. However since it is small bamboo it may be planted at more proximate distances in order to maximize the biomass yield per hectare. The optimal plant spacing for T. siamensis is 4m x 4m (Dransfield & Widjaja, 1995). Had there been management and harvesting on the site, this species might have performed much better. Species Rank Table 25: Species to Site Matching for Kakamega (Lake Region) Overall Performance Ranking Criteria: Exotic Bamboos in Kakamega (Lake Region of Kenya) Site Observation Analysis Benchmark Comparative Analysis Potential Yield (EY) Culms per Clump (AC) Culm Weight (DM %) Culm Height (H %) 1 B. vulgaris D. brandisii B. vulgaris B. vulgaris T. siamensis 2 D. brandisii D. hamiltonii T. siamensis D. brandisii B. vulgaris 3 D. hamiltonii B. vulgaris D. hamiltonii D. strictus D. hamiltonii 4 D. strictus D. strictus B. bambos D. hamiltonii D. strictus 5 B. tulda B. tulda D. membranaceus D. membranaceus D. brandisii 6 T. siamensis D. membranaceus B. tulda T. siamensis D. membranaceus 7 D. membranaceus B. bambos D. brandisii B. tulda B. tulda 8 B. bambos T. siamensis D. strictus B. bambos B. bambos If the purpose of the plantation is to obtain the highest culm yield in terms of tons per ha, then the selection of species to be recommended are D. brandisii followed by D. hamiltonii. However, these are merely provisionally recommended species. Culm yield, weight, and height are not the only criteria for selecting species for a bamboo plantation. It is essential to have a market and product or intended use for the bamboo. If the intended use is bioenergy, then planting species with the highest annual yield per hectare is recommended. However, species with a lower yield per hectare may be more suitable for splitting, weaving and basketry, which may have a ready market. Muguga’s altitude and climatic conditions are comparable to those of Lari. Species performance in Muguga can therefore be used as a basis for selection of species for the project sites in Lari. Olenguruone lies at a higher VIII World Bamboo Congress Proceedings Vol 4-135
altitude but has excellent growing conditions and high rainfall. Y. alpina was not analyzed in this study, but it is should be planted in Olenguruone and at high altitude areas where it can thrive. The overall performance ranking is based on an analysis of the various criteria of each species shown in Table 18 to Table 30. The analysis of the Muguga trial site shows the following results. Species Rank Table 26: Species to Site Matching for Muguga Overall Performance Ranking Criteria Site Observation Analysis Benchmark Comparative Analysis Potential Yield (EY) Culms per Clump (AC) Culm Weight (DM %) Culm Height (H %) 1 T. siamensis D. brandisii D. hamiltonii T. siamensis T. siamensis 2 D. hamiltonii D. hamiltonii B. vulgaris B. vulgaris C. pergracile 3 B. vulgaris B. vulgaris T. siamensis D. brandisii D. strictus 4 D. brandisii D. strictus D. brandisii D. hamiltonii B. vulgaris 5 D. strictus B. tulda D. strictus D. strictus D. hamiltonii 6 B. tulda C. pergracile B. tulda C. pergracile D. brandisii 7 D. membranaceus T. siamensis D. membranaceus B. tulda B. tulda 8 C. pergracile D. membranaceus C. pergracile D. membranaceus D. membranaceus In terms of its benchmark performance, T. siamensis is one of the species that did well in Muguga. In the trials it was planted in intervals of 5m x 5m but, as mentioned earlier, more proximate planting distances can be used to maximize its yield per hectare. D. hamiltonii showed good performance in terms of the number of culms per clump as well as in potential yield. Vigorous shoot growth was observed in the trial in Muguga. Although it ranks second to T. siamensis, it should be regarded as a priority species for the production of large culms. B. vulgaris produces a high number of culms per clump. It showed a very good relative performance in terms of average culm weight and a high estimated potential yield per hectare. The potential yield of D. brandisii was the highest of the species planted in Muguga, but its relative performance in terms of height was low. As mentioned earlier in this report, there was some confusion in the Muguga site regarding species identification. D. asper does not appear in the above table but it was possibly mixed up with D. brandisii. The reasonably good performance of D. asper in Gigiri, Nairobi makes it a species to be considered in areas with similar conditions. It was observed that B. vulgaris grows well in Olenguruone and therefore this species should be one of the main species in plantations in that area. Other tropical species may not grow as well due to the cool climate, but they should nevertheless be tested. The species that perform poorly in the highlands are B. bambos, followed by D. strictus and B. tulda. These species grow more favorably in warmer conditions. VIII World Bamboo Congress Proceedings Vol 4-136
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VOLUME 4 Resources - Forestry, Plan
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Planning, Designing and Implementin
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As indicated earlier, the major ind
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Soil : Most bamboos are found in sa
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Financial aspects: Unit cost- The u
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Repayment period The bank loan was
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promoting new bamboo projects throu
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Planning Commission, 2003. Report o
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hectares; bamboo (both natural and
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internode length, height, girth, st
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Seeds Availability of seed is limit
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Oxytenanthera stocksii Pleoblastus
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References Anon. 1997. Compendium o
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inventory of harvestable volume and
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Some climbing bamboos are presently
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Research breakthroughs The pioneer
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A = 20 mm C = 10 mm Scale: 1-10 mm
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Abstract Integrated Management of B
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In the other hand, guadua bamboo fo
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For bamboo species, models for pred
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showed higher coefficient of determ
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30 cm above ground level and closel
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. Cumls per clump 40 35 30 25 20 15
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Figure 11. Capability of land for g
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productivity (Camargo et al. 2007).
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esidues (Deuchars et al. 1999). Soi
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Conclusions and recommendations For
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References Arbeláez, A.C. 1996. Re
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Orrego, S.A. ,Del Valle, J.I. 2001.
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shoot earlier in the winter. Hence,
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Results and Discussion Effects of B
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and Ald, Alp, Alo and AlT. However,
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Panting time Table 1. Soil properti
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Exchangeabl e Al ( mg kg -1 ) 300 2
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Al cont ent ( mg/ kg) 3000 2500 200
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aboveground and belowground competi
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Shoot harvests represent a smaller
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Culm thinning practice The intensit
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the withholding of fertiliser reduc
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References Castaneda-Mendoza A.; Va
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Tree yield (t ha -1 ) 200 (a) 150 1
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Bamboo has called the poorperson’
Page 85 and 86: Department and Forest Survey of Ind
Page 87 and 88: Table 4. Total target under NBM in
Page 89 and 90: 1) Statistical information Fundamen
Page 91 and 92: Abstract Evaluation of Above Ground
Page 93 and 94: Table 1: Linear relationship betwee
Page 95 and 96: References Agarwal, A.; Khokhar, D.
Page 97 and 98: Fig 2. Bamboo Plantation at hill to
Page 99 and 100: in northern Sudan stretches from ea
Page 101 and 102: Culm Height Omjamena forest site re
Page 103 and 104: References Andrews, J. 1950. The fl
Page 105 and 106: Figure 2. The Studied Bamboo Forest
Page 107 and 108: Figure 1: A not maintained bamboo f
Page 109 and 110: amboo forests are not maintained. I
Page 111 and 112: NPO Kitakyushu Biotope Network Grou
Page 113 and 114: In the area around the Kitakyushu S
Page 115 and 116: Number of participants The bamboo f
Page 117 and 118: Abstract Performance of Exotic Bamb
Page 119 and 120: The trial sites of Kakamega and Mug
Page 121 and 122: determining culm weight is by physi
Page 123 and 124: Table 5: Performance of Cephalostac
Page 125 and 126: For instance, Table 12 shows that,
Page 127 and 128: Species to Site Matching Table 16:
Page 129 and 130: Table 18: General Ranking of Specie
Page 131 and 132: Table 20: General Ranking of Specie
Page 133 and 134: Table 22: Relative Yield Performanc
Page 135: Table 24: Species per Site - Benchm
Page 139 and 140: NEMA, (2004). State of the Environm
Page 141 and 142: Research Site and Method Research i
Page 143 and 144: Discussion As of the research in 19
Page 145 and 146: Table 2. Change of density and occu
Page 147 and 148: Figure 1. Distribution of diameter
Page 149: 2 Figure 3. Distribution of diamete
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