WBC-VIII-Vol.4 – Resources – Forestry, Plantations and ... - BambuSC

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Irrigation : The area receives adequate precipitation for successful bamboo plantation hence no irrigation is proposed except protective irrigation during the dry months in initial years. It would be desirable if irrigation is given at least once in a month during dry period. Plant protection : Bamboo is generally free from pest and diseases, however, diseases such as rhizome rot, bamboo blister, shoot and culm borer, are observed sporadically. Timely application of systemic fungicides and pesticides will control the problems. Weeding : Bamboo plantations receive more sun because of the relatively wide separation of the culms. Sunlight encourages the growth of weeds which consume nutrients intended for bamboo and shade the ground, lower the soil temperature and thus retard shoot emergence. Regular weeding during the 1st three years is a necessity for vigorous growth of bamboo. Pruning : Bamboo grows vigorously and many branches develop on the culms along with thorns. It is therefore necessary to prune the undesirable branches to maintain the healthy growth of the harvestable culms. Intercropping : The gestation period in bamboo plantation (through rhizome) is 4 years. During the first two to three years, it is possible to cultivate intercrops such as turmeric, ginger, chilli etc. Harvesting and yield : The annual yield of a bamboo clump depends on the number of new culms produced each year. This in turn is related to the production of young rhizomes. Culms mature after two to three years. To maximise production some shoots must be left each year to develop into leafy young culms. On an average bamboo produces 10-20 culms in a year under good growing conditions. Considering a 30 year life cycle, one clump may produce 300- 600 culms. The harvesting can be done from the fourth year onwards, however, for commercial production, harvesting will start from the fifth year under the project on a rotational basis every alternate year from each clump. So in the 5th year it is proposed to harvest bamboos from 40 clumps and the remaining 40 clumps will be harvested next year. In the first year of harvest i.e., fifth year, 8 culms per clump will be harvested followed by 10 culms in sixth year, 12 in seventh year, 15 in eighth year, 18 in the ninth year followed by 20 culms from tenth year onwards. VIII World Bamboo Congress Proceedings Vol 4-7
Financial aspects: Unit cost- The unit cost for raising small holder’s bamboo plantation ( 1 bigha) is Rs.9,050 spread over a period of four years. The various assumptions for arriving at the unit cost are given in Table no. 1. Table-1: Unit cost for intensive cultivation of bamboo in one bigha ( 1/3 acre) wastelands of Assam Labour rate = Rs.60 per MD Espacement = 4m X4 m = 85 rhizomes / unit Survival = 80 rhizomes / unit of 1 bigha Cost of rhizome= Rs. 30 Income: Harvesting commences from the 5th year onwards which will be done every alternate year with 50% survival of clumps i.e. 40 clumps per year. The sale price per bamboo is considered at Rs. 20 which is a conservative estimate. The income details are given in the Table no.2 VIII World Bamboo Congress Proceedings Vol 4-8
Page 1 and 2: VOLUME 4 Resources - Forestry, Plan
Page 3 and 4: Planning, Designing and Implementin
Page 5 and 6: As indicated earlier, the major ind
Page 7: Soil : Most bamboos are found in sa
Page 11 and 12: Repayment period The bank loan was
Page 13 and 14: promoting new bamboo projects throu
Page 15 and 16: Planning Commission, 2003. Report o
Page 17 and 18: hectares; bamboo (both natural and
Page 19 and 20: internode length, height, girth, st
Page 21 and 22: Seeds Availability of seed is limit
Page 23 and 24: Oxytenanthera stocksii Pleoblastus
Page 25 and 26: References Anon. 1997. Compendium o
Page 27 and 28: inventory of harvestable volume and
Page 29 and 30: Some climbing bamboos are presently
Page 31 and 32: Research breakthroughs The pioneer
Page 33 and 34: A = 20 mm C = 10 mm Scale: 1-10 mm
Page 35 and 36: Abstract Integrated Management of B
Page 37 and 38: In the other hand, guadua bamboo fo
Page 39 and 40: For bamboo species, models for pred
Page 41 and 42: showed higher coefficient of determ
Page 43 and 44: 30 cm above ground level and closel
Page 45 and 46: . Cumls per clump 40 35 30 25 20 15
Page 47 and 48: Figure 11. Capability of land for g
Page 49 and 50: productivity (Camargo et al. 2007).
Page 51 and 52: esidues (Deuchars et al. 1999). Soi
Page 53 and 54: Conclusions and recommendations For
Page 55 and 56: References Arbeláez, A.C. 1996. Re
Page 57 and 58: Orrego, S.A. ,Del Valle, J.I. 2001.
Page 59 and 60:
shoot earlier in the winter. Hence,
Page 61 and 62:
Results and Discussion Effects of B
Page 63 and 64:
and Ald, Alp, Alo and AlT. However,
Page 65 and 66:
Panting time Table 1. Soil properti
Page 67 and 68:
Exchangeabl e Al ( mg kg -1 ) 300 2
Page 69 and 70:
Al cont ent ( mg/ kg) 3000 2500 200
Page 71 and 72:
aboveground and belowground competi
Page 73 and 74:
Shoot harvests represent a smaller
Page 75 and 76:
Culm thinning practice The intensit
Page 77 and 78:
the withholding of fertiliser reduc
Page 79 and 80:
References Castaneda-Mendoza A.; Va
Page 81 and 82:
Tree yield (t ha -1 ) 200 (a) 150 1
Page 83 and 84:
Bamboo has called the poorperson’
Page 85 and 86:
Department and Forest Survey of Ind
Page 87 and 88:
Table 4. Total target under NBM in
Page 89 and 90:
1) Statistical information Fundamen
Page 91 and 92:
Abstract Evaluation of Above Ground
Page 93 and 94:
Table 1: Linear relationship betwee
Page 95 and 96:
References Agarwal, A.; Khokhar, D.
Page 97 and 98:
Fig 2. Bamboo Plantation at hill to
Page 99 and 100:
in northern Sudan stretches from ea
Page 101 and 102:
Culm Height Omjamena forest site re
Page 103 and 104:
References Andrews, J. 1950. The fl
Page 105 and 106:
Figure 2. The Studied Bamboo Forest
Page 107 and 108:
Figure 1: A not maintained bamboo f
Page 109 and 110:
amboo forests are not maintained. I
Page 111 and 112:
NPO Kitakyushu Biotope Network Grou
Page 113 and 114:
In the area around the Kitakyushu S
Page 115 and 116:
Number of participants The bamboo f
Page 117 and 118:
Abstract Performance of Exotic Bamb
Page 119 and 120:
The trial sites of Kakamega and Mug
Page 121 and 122:
determining culm weight is by physi
Page 123 and 124:
Table 5: Performance of Cephalostac
Page 125 and 126:
For instance, Table 12 shows that,
Page 127 and 128:
Species to Site Matching Table 16:
Page 129 and 130:
Table 18: General Ranking of Specie
Page 131 and 132:
Table 20: General Ranking of Specie
Page 133 and 134:
Table 22: Relative Yield Performanc
Page 135 and 136:
Table 24: Species per Site - Benchm
Page 137 and 138:
altitude but has excellent growing
Page 139 and 140:
NEMA, (2004). State of the Environm
Page 141 and 142:
Research Site and Method Research i
Page 143 and 144:
Discussion As of the research in 19
Page 145 and 146:
Table 2. Change of density and occu
Page 147 and 148:
Figure 1. Distribution of diameter
Page 149:
2 Figure 3. Distribution of diamete
show all

WBC-VIII-Vol.4 – Resources – Forestry, Plantations and ... - BambuSC

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?