WBC-VIII-Vol.4 – Resources – Forestry, Plantations and ... - BambuSC

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Respect to the effect of fertilisation, this factor has been especially important reducing the level of shoot mortality and also increasing productivity. In this case, about 950 shoots per ha emerge every year with fertilisation while without fertilisation just 750. Regarding to mortality, it is of 12% with fertilisation and of 20 % without fertilisation (Morales 2004). Silviculture of guadua plantations In Colombia there are few guadua plantations and information on growth, population dynamics and silviculture is still quite general and recommendations are focused in how improve clump conditions and growth space during the phase of establishment (Camargo 2006). Requirements of weed control to improve the availability of light to guadua culms, as well as the possibility of intercropping by considering spacing and maintenance have been mentioned by Judziewicz et al. (1999), but have not been studied in detail. Riaño et al. (2002) have gathered data about growth and culm productivity in guadua plantations for up to six years. In their study, the authors also proposed models to describe clump growth and population dynamics. Camargo (2006) shows results on the effect of fertilisation and weed control on growth. In this case, growth is expressed as the number of culms per clump, the estimated number of dead culms per clump, culm length and culm diameter at the lowest internode (basal diameter). Measurements of these variables were made on the three central clumps located in the effective area of each plot. Analysis of variance was used to determine differences between treatments and the Tukey test for comparison of the main effects of treatments. The highest average values for the response variables were observed under chemical fertilisation and weed control done with herbicide. For the number of culms per clump the highest average was of 38 in the first 24 months which is equivalent to 23,750 culms per ha (Figure 7). The maximum number of dead culms per clump for the same period of time was 19 culms, which corresponds to 11,875 culms per ha and a monthly increment rate of 0.8 culms per clump or 500 culms per ha (Figure 8). VIII World Bamboo Congress Proceedings Vol 4-43
. Cumls per clump 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Chemical Organic Without Fertilisation Herbicide Manual Figure 7. Effect of weed control at different levels of fertilisation on the average total number of culms per clump; 24 months after establishment. Source: Camargo, 2006. Number of dead culms 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 -14 -16 -18 -20 Herbicide Manual Control Chemical Organic Without Figure 8. Effect of fertilisation at different levels of weed control on the total of estimated dead culms per clump; 24 months after establishment. Source: Camargo, 2006. For treatments with chemical fertilisation and weed control with herbicide, the average culm diameter was of 3 cm and average culm length of 6 m, with increments for both variables being considerably higher than with other treatments (Figures 9 and 10). cm 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Chemical Organic Without Fertilisation Herbicide Manual Figure 9. Effect of weed control at different levels of factor fertilisation on the average culm length; 24 months after establishment. Source: Camargo, 2006. cm 3,5 3 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 Chemical Organic Without Fertilisation Herbicide Manual Figure 10. Effect of weed control at different levels of fertilisation on the average culm basal diameter; 24 months after establishment. Source: Camargo, 2006. VIII World Bamboo Congress Proceedings Vol 4-44
Page 1 and 2: VOLUME 4 Resources - Forestry, Plan
Page 3 and 4: Planning, Designing and Implementin
Page 5 and 6: As indicated earlier, the major ind
Page 7 and 8: Soil : Most bamboos are found in sa
Page 9 and 10: Financial aspects: Unit cost- The u
Page 11 and 12: Repayment period The bank loan was
Page 13 and 14: promoting new bamboo projects throu
Page 15 and 16: Planning Commission, 2003. Report o
Page 17 and 18: hectares; bamboo (both natural and
Page 19 and 20: internode length, height, girth, st
Page 21 and 22: Seeds Availability of seed is limit
Page 23 and 24: Oxytenanthera stocksii Pleoblastus
Page 25 and 26: References Anon. 1997. Compendium o
Page 27 and 28: inventory of harvestable volume and
Page 29 and 30: Some climbing bamboos are presently
Page 31 and 32: Research breakthroughs The pioneer
Page 33 and 34: A = 20 mm C = 10 mm Scale: 1-10 mm
Page 35 and 36: Abstract Integrated Management of B
Page 37 and 38: In the other hand, guadua bamboo fo
Page 39 and 40: For bamboo species, models for pred
Page 41 and 42: showed higher coefficient of determ
Page 43: 30 cm above ground level and closel
Page 47 and 48: Figure 11. Capability of land for g
Page 49 and 50: productivity (Camargo et al. 2007).
Page 51 and 52: esidues (Deuchars et al. 1999). Soi
Page 53 and 54: Conclusions and recommendations For
Page 55 and 56: References Arbeláez, A.C. 1996. Re
Page 57 and 58: Orrego, S.A. ,Del Valle, J.I. 2001.
Page 59 and 60: shoot earlier in the winter. Hence,
Page 61 and 62: Results and Discussion Effects of B
Page 63 and 64: and Ald, Alp, Alo and AlT. However,
Page 65 and 66: Panting time Table 1. Soil properti
Page 67 and 68: Exchangeabl e Al ( mg kg -1 ) 300 2
Page 69 and 70: Al cont ent ( mg/ kg) 3000 2500 200
Page 71 and 72: aboveground and belowground competi
Page 73 and 74: Shoot harvests represent a smaller
Page 75 and 76: Culm thinning practice The intensit
Page 77 and 78: the withholding of fertiliser reduc
Page 79 and 80: References Castaneda-Mendoza A.; Va
Page 81 and 82: Tree yield (t ha -1 ) 200 (a) 150 1
Page 83 and 84: Bamboo has called the poorperson’
Page 85 and 86: Department and Forest Survey of Ind
Page 87 and 88: Table 4. Total target under NBM in
Page 89 and 90: 1) Statistical information Fundamen
Page 91 and 92: Abstract Evaluation of Above Ground
Page 93 and 94: Table 1: Linear relationship betwee
Page 95 and 96:
References Agarwal, A.; Khokhar, D.
Page 97 and 98:
Fig 2. Bamboo Plantation at hill to
Page 99 and 100:
in northern Sudan stretches from ea
Page 101 and 102:
Culm Height Omjamena forest site re
Page 103 and 104:
References Andrews, J. 1950. The fl
Page 105 and 106:
Figure 2. The Studied Bamboo Forest
Page 107 and 108:
Figure 1: A not maintained bamboo f
Page 109 and 110:
amboo forests are not maintained. I
Page 111 and 112:
NPO Kitakyushu Biotope Network Grou
Page 113 and 114:
In the area around the Kitakyushu S
Page 115 and 116:
Number of participants The bamboo f
Page 117 and 118:
Abstract Performance of Exotic Bamb
Page 119 and 120:
The trial sites of Kakamega and Mug
Page 121 and 122:
determining culm weight is by physi
Page 123 and 124:
Table 5: Performance of Cephalostac
Page 125 and 126:
For instance, Table 12 shows that,
Page 127 and 128:
Species to Site Matching Table 16:
Page 129 and 130:
Table 18: General Ranking of Specie
Page 131 and 132:
Table 20: General Ranking of Specie
Page 133 and 134:
Table 22: Relative Yield Performanc
Page 135 and 136:
Table 24: Species per Site - Benchm
Page 137 and 138:
altitude but has excellent growing
Page 139 and 140:
NEMA, (2004). State of the Environm
Page 141 and 142:
Research Site and Method Research i
Page 143 and 144:
Discussion As of the research in 19
Page 145 and 146:
Table 2. Change of density and occu
Page 147 and 148:
Figure 1. Distribution of diameter
Page 149:
2 Figure 3. Distribution of diamete
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