WBC-VIII-Vol.4 – Resources – Forestry, Plantations and ... - BambuSC

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were weighted at depth of 50 cm. Thereafter, the Kruskall Wallis test was performed for comparing the capability of soil for water storing and resistance to erosion among the different land uses and land covers Comparisons of soils properties among different land use and cover evidenced values of CWS (water regulation) of 530 m 3 ha -1 . The higher value, although statistically not significant was for covers of forest with 572 m 3 ha -1 . Whereas the lower value was found under crops and pasture (Figure 13). The similar values of CWS obtained are explained because soils in the coffee region are highly homogeneous. Most of them are Andisols originated from volcanic ash; consequently have special physical properties as low bulk density and high effective depth (Malagon et al. 1995). While soil properties as those above mentioned do not change strongly, values of CWS will tend to be similar among covers. Previously, Sadeghian et al. (2001) found lower values of bulk density and soil compacting under guadua stands than those simplified land cover as crops and pastures. In this study it was evidenced that low values of bulk density and soil compaction contributed to a better balance between water and air within soils. It is important to remark that covers of forest and guadua forest are usually located in marginal areas where agriculture and cattle are not feasible. It means that natural soil conditions for these areas are limited by factors as slope and effective depth. Nevertheless, the value of CWS was higher under forest and similar to the other covers under guadua forest. It shows that even on limited soils, forest cover (guadua included) can maintain proper physical characteristics or improve them. m 3 ha -1 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Forest Guadua Forest Mixed crops Silvopastoral System Crops Pasture Figure 13. Capability of water storing in soils under different land use and land cover. La Vieja, watershed river. Vertical lines on the bars indicate the standard deviation. The resistance to erosion showed significant (P
esidues (Deuchars et al. 1999). Soil structure is associated to vegetal residues (Douglas et al. 1986) and probably fallen leaves of guadua are contributing to improve it. With the results obtained it is not possible make general conclusions because there is a high natural variability associated to variables assessed. This variability can not be explained simply with the effect of covers, therefore is only feasible to elucidate trends. In this sense, to improve the basic information could be an interesting task for further research. 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 mm b a Forest Guadua Forest Mixed crops Silvopastoral System Crops Pasture Figure 14. Resistance to erosion evaluated through average diameter of soil aggregates (ADSA). La Vieja, watershed river. Vertical lines on the bars indicate the standard deviation. Different letters indicate statistical significant differences (P
Page 1 and 2: VOLUME 4 Resources - Forestry, Plan
Page 3 and 4: Planning, Designing and Implementin
Page 5 and 6: As indicated earlier, the major ind
Page 7 and 8: Soil : Most bamboos are found in sa
Page 9 and 10: Financial aspects: Unit cost- The u
Page 11 and 12: Repayment period The bank loan was
Page 13 and 14: promoting new bamboo projects throu
Page 15 and 16: Planning Commission, 2003. Report o
Page 17 and 18: hectares; bamboo (both natural and
Page 19 and 20: internode length, height, girth, st
Page 21 and 22: Seeds Availability of seed is limit
Page 23 and 24: Oxytenanthera stocksii Pleoblastus
Page 25 and 26: References Anon. 1997. Compendium o
Page 27 and 28: inventory of harvestable volume and
Page 29 and 30: Some climbing bamboos are presently
Page 31 and 32: Research breakthroughs The pioneer
Page 33 and 34: A = 20 mm C = 10 mm Scale: 1-10 mm
Page 35 and 36: Abstract Integrated Management of B
Page 37 and 38: In the other hand, guadua bamboo fo
Page 39 and 40: For bamboo species, models for pred
Page 41 and 42: showed higher coefficient of determ
Page 43 and 44: 30 cm above ground level and closel
Page 45 and 46: . Cumls per clump 40 35 30 25 20 15
Page 47 and 48: Figure 11. Capability of land for g
Page 49: productivity (Camargo et al. 2007).
Page 53 and 54: Conclusions and recommendations For
Page 55 and 56: References Arbeláez, A.C. 1996. Re
Page 57 and 58: Orrego, S.A. ,Del Valle, J.I. 2001.
Page 59 and 60: shoot earlier in the winter. Hence,
Page 61 and 62: Results and Discussion Effects of B
Page 63 and 64: and Ald, Alp, Alo and AlT. However,
Page 65 and 66: Panting time Table 1. Soil properti
Page 67 and 68: Exchangeabl e Al ( mg kg -1 ) 300 2
Page 69 and 70: Al cont ent ( mg/ kg) 3000 2500 200
Page 71 and 72: aboveground and belowground competi
Page 73 and 74: Shoot harvests represent a smaller
Page 75 and 76: Culm thinning practice The intensit
Page 77 and 78: the withholding of fertiliser reduc
Page 79 and 80: References Castaneda-Mendoza A.; Va
Page 81 and 82: Tree yield (t ha -1 ) 200 (a) 150 1
Page 83 and 84: Bamboo has called the poorperson’
Page 85 and 86: Department and Forest Survey of Ind
Page 87 and 88: Table 4. Total target under NBM in
Page 89 and 90: 1) Statistical information Fundamen
Page 91 and 92: Abstract Evaluation of Above Ground
Page 93 and 94: Table 1: Linear relationship betwee
Page 95 and 96: References Agarwal, A.; Khokhar, D.
Page 97 and 98: Fig 2. Bamboo Plantation at hill to
Page 99 and 100: in northern Sudan stretches from ea
Page 101 and 102:
Culm Height Omjamena forest site re
Page 103 and 104:
References Andrews, J. 1950. The fl
Page 105 and 106:
Figure 2. The Studied Bamboo Forest
Page 107 and 108:
Figure 1: A not maintained bamboo f
Page 109 and 110:
amboo forests are not maintained. I
Page 111 and 112:
NPO Kitakyushu Biotope Network Grou
Page 113 and 114:
In the area around the Kitakyushu S
Page 115 and 116:
Number of participants The bamboo f
Page 117 and 118:
Abstract Performance of Exotic Bamb
Page 119 and 120:
The trial sites of Kakamega and Mug
Page 121 and 122:
determining culm weight is by physi
Page 123 and 124:
Table 5: Performance of Cephalostac
Page 125 and 126:
For instance, Table 12 shows that,
Page 127 and 128:
Species to Site Matching Table 16:
Page 129 and 130:
Table 18: General Ranking of Specie
Page 131 and 132:
Table 20: General Ranking of Specie
Page 133 and 134:
Table 22: Relative Yield Performanc
Page 135 and 136:
Table 24: Species per Site - Benchm
Page 137 and 138:
altitude but has excellent growing
Page 139 and 140:
NEMA, (2004). State of the Environm
Page 141 and 142:
Research Site and Method Research i
Page 143 and 144:
Discussion As of the research in 19
Page 145 and 146:
Table 2. Change of density and occu
Page 147 and 148:
Figure 1. Distribution of diameter
Page 149:
2 Figure 3. Distribution of diamete
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WBC-VIII-Vol.4 – Resources – Forestry, Plantations and ... - BambuSC

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