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3.4.4 Communication
A major factor in interviews is communication. This includes both verbal and non-
verbal communication. Types of verbal communication have been mentioned previously,
for example speed and tone. The non-verbal types were identified as:
Proxemic communication is the use of interpersonal space to convey meaning.
Chronemic communication is the use of time in interpersonal relationships to
convey meaning. Kinesic communication is the use of body movement to convey
meaning. Paralinguistic communication is the use of volume, pitch and voice
quality to convey meaning. (Gorden, 1980, p. 314)
However, problems can occur with verbal communication. Words can mean
different things for different people. Cultural complexities and social status can also effect
communication. For example different cultures and social groups may have different jargon
(Kayrooz & Trevitt, 2005). The interviewer should be aware of this and know what jargon
is being spoken (Fontana & Frey, 1994). In this study the researcher was confident that
from his study in both the sports and business areas that he was well versed in the
vocabulary used in the particular industries.
3.5 Data Analysis
The only major disadvantage of recording interviews is the transcription stage. For
example an interview lasting an hour in length may take up to several hours to transcribe,
contributing to a very time consuming process (Kayrooz & Trevitt, 2005).
The transcription analysis allows the recorded interview to be translated onto a
textual document. There is major importance that this document is translated correctly,
because subsequent analysis of the data is interpreted through this document (Poland, 1995).
Through this translation document differences can arise between what is actually said in the
interview and what is recorded in text. A certain amount of information will be lost, for
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