Vol. 5/2009 - Facultatea de Litere

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Danet, B. (1985) “Legal Discourse,” in T.A.van Dijk (ed), Handbook Discourse Analysis vol I: Disciplines of Discourse, London: Academic Press – Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publishers, pp 273-291 Quirk, R. et al (1985) A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language, London and New York: Longman Stoichiţoiu-Ichim, A. (2001). Semiotica discursului juridic, Bucureşti: Editura Universităţii Bucureşti. Tiersma, P. (1993) Legal Language. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press Trosberg, A. (1997) Rhetorical Strategies in Legal Language: Discourse Analysis of Statutes and Contracts, Tübingen: Gunter Narr Electronic Sources Mackinlay, J. (2002) Syntactic Discontinuity in the Language of U.K. and E. U. Legislation, www.espworld.info./articles Schneidereit, G. (2004) Legal Language as a Special Language: Structural Features of Legal English, www.grin.com The official site of the European Union, http://europa.en.int; EUR-LEX, the portal to EU.law, http://europa.en.int/eur-lex/lex/en/index.htm Translations from the European legislation, http://www.ier.ro 141
Translation Studies: Retrospective and Prospective Views ISSN 2065-3514 (2009) Year II, Issue 5 Galaţi University Press Editors: Elena Croitoru & Floriana Popescu Proceedings of the 4th Conference Translation Studies: Retrospective and Prospective Views 8-9 October 2009, “Dunărea de Jos” University, Galaţi, ROMÂNIA pp. 142-147 LEXICAL LOAN, CULTURAL OVERTONE Daniela ŢUCHEL 1. Introduction In cultural terms, the influence of Anglo-American life is obvious in the number of lexical loans accompanying the development of speculative thought and scientific ideas in today’s Romanian environment. We shall proceed to analyze loans in relation to transmorphemization, which points to degrees of morphological substitution of (in our case, English) loan words when brought into Romanian. In primary adaptation, the vast majority of such words remain at the stage of zero substitution; fewer cases than those cover the loan words undergoing complete transmorphemization. The innovative potential of the recipient language is shown in the stage of secondary adaptation in which the process of wordformation is very much alive: learned words of Greek and Latin origin are replaced by the corresponding Romanian lexical elements. Between these extremes – zero and complete processes – exists what has been dubbed compromise substitution or compromise transmorphemization. The working techniques that take excellent effect nowadays and can enrich lexicographic products are based on two associations. On the one hand, there is a phonologylexicology tandem, as explained by R. Filipovič (1972) quoted by Ciobanu (2004: 32-33) and giving three classes of items – loanwords, foreign loans and foreign words. On the other hand, there is a lexicology-semantics tandem, as explained for instance by Vasiluţă (2000: 17): “Unul dintre obiectivele importante ale semanticii structurale este identificarea trăsăturilor care funcţionează în raporturile opozitive între lexeme, în particular în interiorul unei paradigme. Structura calităţilor semantice contextuale este una combinatorie, ceea ce vrea să spună că sistemul semic este primordial; efectele de sens sunt obţinute prin articularea specifică a semelor într-un semem.” (One of the main objectives for structural semantics is to identify those features taking effect within oppositive relations between lexemes, specifically inside a paradigm. The pattern of contextual semantic features is combinatory, which means to state the primordial role of the system of semes; the meaningful effects are obtained by semes characteristically joining one another in sememes.) Stepping ahead from conventional to non-conventional vocabulary, we would like to revive interest in the generic title for an academic event, the sixth edition of an international symposium of Cultural Gerontology, hosted by Spain in October 2008. We enjoy the idea of paying attention to a gerontological branch for the study of words that get substituted for by coinage and loans. Today’s speakers of Romanian show a gusto for ‘raw’ forms, for usage that evinces a lack of adaptation. Mihail Bogdan (1970) had a study dealing with English loan-words and his main conclusion was that the examples he selected to discuss “lie on the periphery of everyday vocabulary”. This conclusion can be contradicted today. ‘Gerontologically affected’ items have to be rejuvenated and promoted from peripheries to centres of a variety of domains. We dare say that at present, in the development of the 142
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2009 Year II Issue 5 TRANSLATION ST
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Translation Studies: Retrospective
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6'. Il a mal aux dents, mon bébé
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Cependant il faut noter que certain
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In the following example the aim of
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message and not the personal judgem
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Mother: Mine is not so beautiful. J
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We should notice that the signals o
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falls on the most prominent word in
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The conclusion is that the Romanian
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häufig in humoristischer, parodist
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„Jeder soll selbst entscheiden, w
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humaine, dans des images soit tragi
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l’homme « à barbe de bouc et au
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[5] Toutes les citations sont tiré
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interprétatives 6. Pour ce qui est
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Pour conclure, l’absence de SV ai
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Certains facteurs peuvent jouer un
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The way in which standard collocati
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As regards the translation of the c
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such, in an attempt to dramatize, o
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Y: ok 3. Intensity 3.1. Powerful i
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[20] Negotiation recorded from a TV
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Analyse des définitions Pour l’a
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Familier B. - P. ext. et souvent au
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Conclusion Ce type d’investigatio
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dissociation, or the dissociated no
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history and for Romanian adevărat
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Grice (1978) groups the maxims into
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We propose a new term for ’cancel
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wraps each lash”, “modern techn
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stimulate all metabolism. A polyfra
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empirically proven. In other ads, s
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(8) L’Oréal promises “Captivat
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outils efficaces et l’intérêt p
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ne correspondent plus à la langue
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86 • Keynesianomics (< Keynes + e
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‘Doctrine’, ‘Principle’ or
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Page 97 and 98: much as it is of the simultaneous i
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Page 109 and 110: odată cu exit-ul unui alt fond de
Page 113 and 114: 3. Results Structurally, mathematic
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Page 119 and 120: languages. It has been pointed out
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Page 127 and 128: A careful consideration of the foll
Page 129 and 130: 5. Part of the Truth ’’The word
Page 133 and 134: Une analyse plus raffinée des verb
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Page 141 and 142: Legislators and judges want their c
Page 143 and 144: Mackinlay (2002) offers the followi
Page 145: The nominal character generally dis
Page 149 and 150: Ultimately, we have come across wha
Page 151 and 152: essential information: a government
Page 155 and 156: their reason, encourages or intimid
Page 157 and 158: Alexandru PRAISLER, “Dunărea de
Page 161 and 162: Raluca (BONTA) GALIŢA, University
Page 163 and 164: Floriana POPESCU, “Dunărea de Jo
Page 167 and 168: Ioan-Lucian Popa, Translation Theor
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Vol. 5/2009 - Facultatea de Litere

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