Proceedings of International Conference on Physics in ... - KEK

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In USA, LLNL has a user’s facility, Titan laser which is 1PW system with 400fs--10ps, up to 530 J and 2shots/hour [12]. At LLE, University <strong>of</strong> Rochester, an ultra-intense laser system OMEGA-EP is now in operation. It is <strong>of</strong> 1 P multi-kJ, W , 1ps and intensity higher than 10 20 W/cm 2 We demonstrated that the Bethe-Heitler process is main process to produce the pairs, although it is the two step process in the gold foil. We predicted the positron spectrum and compared with Cowan’s experimental data. What we found is that the experimental data looks like [13]. In addition, the world- shifted by about 10 MeV to the higher energy side as you biggest laser NIF will have four beams to be multi-P It W . can see in Fig. 2 [18]. The Monte-Carlo calculation is called NIF-ARC [14]. NIF-ARC is originally motivated for diagnostic purpose for NIF ignition campaign (NIC), but it is also open to users in the world only for the fundamental science. PAIR PLASMAS Einstein said “Imagination is more important than knowledge”. We can spread the world <strong>of</strong> imagination with the appearance <strong>of</strong> such ultra-intense lasers. The first experiment with PW laser was done by T. Cowan et al. [15] and he reported photo-nuclear fission <strong>of</strong> Uranium and positron production in a gold foil. In order to analyze his experimental data on positron production [16], we pursued joint research starting from modeling the Trident and Bethe-Heitler processes in Fokker-Planck equation to relativistic electrons as main source for pair creation [17]. Figure 2: (a) The longitudinal momentum distributions <strong>of</strong> positron (red) and electrons (black) at back <strong>of</strong> the target. The target rear is at x=0. The solid line indicates the sheath field normalized by 10 12 V/m. (b) Positron spectrum calculated by PIC. The blue dotted line is the electron spectrum used in PIC calculation. usually used in HEP field [17] predicted almost the same as Fokker-Planck case. In order to see the physics causing the difference, we thought that since the laser-produced relativistic electron density is much higher than the case <strong>of</strong> accelerator beams, a strong electric field formation by charge separation effect, namely; plasma effect, becomes important to accelerate the created positron at the rear side <strong>of</strong> the target foil [18]. We pointed out this is critically different point <strong>of</strong> laser case compared to the accelerator case. We have carried out two-dimensional PIC (Particle-in-Cell) simulation [20] with the initial condition calculated with the Fokker-Planck equation and successes to reproduce the experimental positron spectrum as shown in line with PIC. PIC simulation calculated Maxwell equations con- sistently with charged particles and the electric field the potential <strong>of</strong> about 20 MV is found to be produced. It should be noted that since the electric field is the vertical direction <strong>of</strong> the target rear surface and the positrons are accelerated predominantly to this direction, we obtain a jet like positrons with Lorentz factor about 10-20 the number <strong>of</strong> which is the same as those <strong>of</strong> AGN-jets (Cosmological jets) [21]. Recently, H. Chen et al. pub- lished several papers and they also found the importance <strong>of</strong> the electric field and jet-like emission <strong>of</strong> positrons [22]. We are now collaborating to demonstrate the charge Fig. 3 Positron number scaling from 100’s Joule region to Several KJ laser case.
neutral pair plasma production as shown in Fig. 3 with 10 kJ class PW laser NIF-ARC to be completed in 2013 [23]. VACUUM BRAKDOWN With more increase <strong>of</strong> laser intensity higher than 10 22 W/cm 2 , we have a possibility to use all laser energy to create the pair plasma fireball. This physics is based on an exciting physics <strong>of</strong> the vacuum breakdown with laser fields. In this case, we use the vacuum as target to produce the pair plasma. The pair plasma creation itself is a tiny topic, but the demonstration <strong>of</strong> “Vacuum Breakdown” is more dramatic target for the research. The vacuum breakdown started to be one <strong>of</strong> the arguing topics just after the paper <strong>of</strong> relativistic quantum mechanics with Dirac equation [24]. N . B o W h . r , Heisenberg, and so on predicted the vacuum breakdown as “Gedanken experiment”. It is now going to be a real experiment thanks to the progress <strong>of</strong> laser technology. When the laser intensity exceeds 10 24 W/cm 2 , we can expect the following three different physics scenario with increase <strong>of</strong> the laser intensity. (1) Vacuum breakdown due to the pair avalanche triggered by the induced pair production (2) Vacuum breakdown due to the pair avalanche by spontaneous pair production (3) Vacuum breakdown without the avalanche near and over the Schwinger limit When the concept <strong>of</strong> Dirac sea is proposed, distinguished physicists predicted that if a strong electric field is imposed in the vacuum, electron-positron pairs appears because <strong>of</strong> the tunneling effect <strong>of</strong> quantum particles. Heisenberg’s uncertain principle requires the existence <strong>of</strong> quantum noise energy even in a complete vacuum. This means any particle with a finite energy shows its face in a very short time in the vacuum because the uncertain principle requires ∆ε∆t ≥ 1/2ℏ. If we assume ∆ε = mc 2 , then we obtain ∆t ~ 10 -21 s. If during this extremely short time, we can give the energy <strong>of</strong> the order <strong>of</strong> the rest mass and separate the pair over a substantial distance to avoid spontaneous annihilation, real pair is created. The critical value <strong>of</strong> such extremely strong electric field E can easily obtained with the relation
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Proceedings <stron
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Conference poster
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Preface The international conferenc
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Recent progress of
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Figure 1: The Pulse Intensity-Durat
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Figure 3: The attosecond metrology
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THE QED EFFECTIVE ACTION In quantum
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Figure 2: Turning points in the com
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[5] A. Ringwald, “Pair production
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QED IN ULTRA-INTENSE LASER FIELDS
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form e + nγL → e ′ + γ where
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ection(s) associated with the exter
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This is listed in Tab.1. The effect
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the spectrum of ph
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pf f f pi p x2 x1 k ki p pi Figure
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STRONG FIELD DYNAMICS IN HEAVY-ION
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Possible effects of</strong
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Figure 3: Flux tube structure <stro
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Abstract Yoctosecond photon pulse g
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emsstrahlung or inelastic pair anni
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Abstract Fields, Instantons, and Cu
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the dispersion relation p0 = Ep −
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CRITICAL BEHAVIOR OF CHARMONIUM: QC
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different masses m 0 i ̸= mi only
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ON THE UNRUH EFFECT ∗ Ralf Schüt
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Abstract Can we detect ”Unruh rad
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Equipartition Theorem The stochasti
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Abstract Quantum fields and static
Page 62: The relation between acceleration a
Page 65 and 66: = γ WISP ; ; ALP HP(mγ ′ > 0) .
Page 67 and 68: Figure 4: Exclusion limit (95% C.L.
Page 69 and 70: Probing extremely light fields via
Page 71 and 72: Figure 1: Second harmonic generatio
Page 73 and 74: Abstract Dynamical view of<
Page 75 and 76: (a) longitudinal momentum distribut
Page 77 and 78: Exact solutions of
Page 79 and 80: Pair production in heat bath Finall
Page 81: Table 1: Related ideas in strong fi
Page 84 and 85: Abstract Non-linear charge transpor
Page 86 and 87: under the assumption of</st
Page 88 and 89: Brilliant hardγ-production ande +
Page 90 and 91: each other. Thus the E field rotate
Page 92 and 93: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work is based
Page 94 and 95: ϵ is the energy of</strong
Page 96 and 97: of the sampling eq
Page 98 and 99: Abstract SCHWINGER LIMIT ATTAINABIL
Page 100 and 101: To find it we use the integral calc
Page 102 and 103: cloud with a size of</stron
Page 104 and 105: A way to quantify the irreversible
Page 106 and 107: Figure 4: Pair production vs time f
Page 108 and 109: of the quantum flu
Page 110 and 111: Phenomena H. Schwarz and H. Hora Ed
Page 114 and 115: field triggering such phenomena is
Page 116 and 117: QGP is studied by using the particl
Page 118 and 119: Fig. (1): Presentation of</
Page 120 and 121: REFERENCES [1] P.A. Franken, A.E. H
Page 122 and 123: of electron. When
Page 124 and 125: splitting, no one has succeeded to
Page 126 and 127: Abstract WIDE-BAND X-RAY OBSERVATIO
Page 128 and 129: Radiation from Rotation-Powered Pul
Page 130 and 131: 2 -2 -1 keV (ph cm s keV -1 ) 0.1 0
Page 132 and 133: Zero temperature case There are sti
Page 134 and 135: M|, is realized in their case, and
Page 136 and 137: egime. As analogous to a convention
Page 138 and 139: With extremely high-peak power lase
Page 140 and 141: Abstract Flying Mirror as a tool to
Page 142 and 143: Reflected light intensity (μJ/sr/n
Page 144: 4-mirror laser stacking cavity for
Page 147 and 148: CURRENT STATUS OF LFEX LASER AND EX
Page 149 and 150: which were comparable to those befo
Page 151 and 152: Abstract X-ray Emission from Magnet
Page 153 and 154: sometimes exceed the Eddington lumi
Page 155 and 156: 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 B 2 z E 2 T 0.5 1
Page 157 and 158: First order quantum correction to t
Page 159 and 160: dE (1) dt = ¯he4 m 2 12πɛ0p 5 i
Page 161 and 162: Next, let us consider the origin <s
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Abstract NONCANONICAL LIE PERTURBAT
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with C (2) µ = Γ (2) µ − ˆ L
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log N (PIC particle) When the condi
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Abstract X-RAY GENERATION VIA LASER
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The electron beam is bent to the du
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INVESTIGATING THE ONE-PHOTON ANNIHI
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As a representative characteristics
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the interference terms ⟨ϕIϕh⟩
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P r o g r a m of P
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11:55 lunch & group photo [85] [Rec
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List of Participan
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