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He must be got rid of in London with skill, and then we ship three or four Americans, first-rate seamen, afraid of nothing, who will pass here as fellows from Lancashire. (p. 93) Anonymous letter received by Admiral Darling (probably written by the gardener, Swipes); evidence of dialect (e.g. h-dropping umble and over-correction hangel, hask; g-deletion carryin) in written context: Hon‘d Sir. These foo lines comes from a umble but arty frend to command. Rekwesting of your pardon sir, i have kep a hi same been father of good dawters on the goings on of your fammeley. Miss Faith she is a hangel sir but Miss Dolly I fere no better than she ort to be, and wonderful fond of been noticed. I see her keeping company and carryin on dreadful with a tall dark young man as meens no good and lives to Widow Shankses. Too nites running when the days was short she been up to the cornder of your grounds to meat he there ever so long. Only you hask her if you dont believe me and wash her fase same time sir. Too other peple besides me nose it. Excoose hon‘d sir this trubble from your obejiant servant ―FAX AND NO MISSTAKE.‖ (p. 198) MS available in Westcountry Studies Library, Devon http://www.devon.gov.uk/etched?_IXP_=1&_IXR=100219 Bullough Collection No. 35 Erema: or my father‟s sin by R.D. Blackmore 1. Publication details Author: Blackmore, R.D. (Richard Doddridge) Author dates: 1825-1900 Title: Erema: or my father‟s sin Publication: London: Sampson Low, Marston, 1894 First published: 1877 2. Genre / subgenre Literary fiction 3. Brief synopsis First-person narrative, focalised through eponymous Erema, orphaned daughter of a man who emigrated after being accused (wrongly) of killing his father. Many years after her father‘s death, Erema returns to England, finds she has inherited some money, and ventures to clear her father‘s name 4. Overview of dialects Non-native varieties represented, as are national varieties (setting: California, household of son of early settlers, mid 19c; moves to England). 5. Variety #1: Non-native English, spoken by Suan Isco, an „Indian woman‟ (p. 16) i.e Native American 5a. Sample of dialect― Arauna, arauna, my shild,‖ she said, in a strange but sweet and soothing voice, ―you are with the good man in the safe, good house. Let old Suan give you the good food, my shild.‖ (p. 10) ―You shall—you shall; it is too very much Inglese; me tell you when have long Sunday time to think. My shild, take the good food from poor old Suan.‖ (p. 10) ―Palefaces eat gold,‖ Suan Isco said, reflectively, and as if to satisfy herself. ―Dem eat, drink, die gold; dem pull gold out of one other‘s ears. Welly hope Mellican mans get enough gold now.‖ (p. 87) 5b.1 Orthography Respelling (although do these represent accent rather than dialect?) shild; Mellican; dem; http://librarysupport.shef.ac.uk /bullough.pdf Copyright © 2007, The University of Sheffield 10
5b.2 Grammar Non standard plural mans Non standard pronoun me for I Non standard determiner dem for they 5b.3 Vocabulary Lexis arauna; welly 5c. Dialect area(s) represented Californian Native American 5d. Density of dialect representation Moderately marked 5e. Location of dialect Dialect entirely in dialogue 5f. Characteristics of dialect speakers Female, domestic staff, peripheral character 5g. Consistency of representation No evidence of code-switching 5. Variety #2: Non-native English, spoken by „a garrulous old negro servant‟ 5a. Sample of dialect ―How young massa‘s poor nose dis long time? How him feel, spose now again?‖ he inquired, with a deferential grin. ―Young massa ebber able take a pinch of good snuff? He! he! missy berry heavy den? Missy no learn to dance de nose polka den?‖ (p.105) 5b.1 Orthography Respelling massa; spose; ebber; dis 5b.2 Grammar Non standard negation no learn Non standard pronoun how him feel 5b.3 Vocabulary N/A 5c. Dialect area(s) represented Unspecified afro-american 5d. Density of dialect representation Moderately marked 5e. Location of dialect Dialect entirely in dialogue 5f. Characteristics of dialect speakers Male, domestic staff, peripheral character 5g. Consistency of representation No evidence of code-switching 5. Variety #3: Non-native English, spoken by Herr Strouss, German http://librarysupport.shef.ac.uk /bullough.pdf Copyright © 2007, The University of Sheffield 11
Page 1 and 2: Special collections and archives: T
Page 3 and 4: Ward, Mrs Humphry, The History of D
Page 5 and 6: 5b.1 Orthography Elision „avin Re
Page 7 and 8: male, low social class, unskilled;
Page 9: But the Lord ‗a mercy upon us, Mr
Page 13 and 14: Moderately marked 5e. Location of d
Page 15 and 16: First published: ? Library referenc
Page 17 and 18: 4. Overview of varieties / dialects
Page 19 and 20: Eliot brothers code-switch on sever
Page 21 and 22: a-prefixing: I can‟t abear as for
Page 23 and 24: Cross-examined by Mr. England: ―H
Page 25 and 26: ―Here we are, brother,‖ said Mr
Page 27 and 28: p. 237: ―I know little of them [R
Page 29 and 30: 5g. Consistency of representation C
Page 31 and 32: 6. Narrative comments on dialects a
Page 33 and 34: nobleman born. James and Thomas, me
Page 35 and 36: 5d. Density of dialect representati
Page 37 and 38: 5b.3 Vocabulary Nothing noted 5c. D
Page 39 and 40: Respelling kerridge h-addition / de
Page 41 and 42: Bullough Collection No. 79 The Life
Page 43 and 44: Non standard plural seventeen year
Page 45 and 46: 5b.2 Grammar None noted 5b.3 Vocabu
Page 47 and 48: 5f. Characteristics of dialect spea
Page 49 and 50: (Or at least this was the drift of
Page 51 and 52: Respelling mak 5b.2 Grammar None no
Page 53 and 54: ―He‘s a rum-un to look at,‖ s
Page 55 and 56: 5. Variety #2: Dr O‟Toole, Assist
Page 57 and 58: Very generic non-standard. Not even
Page 59 and 60: mean - crowds of ‗em would come i
Page 61 and 62:
"Bless my heart, what vules we be!
Page 63 and 64:
5a. Sample of dialect ―I hope tha
Page 65 and 66:
Bullough Collection No. 274 The Com
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"I bit thankit 'im, 'cause I tint m
Page 69 and 70:
‗cause why, they pipe-clays their
Page 71 and 72:
Female (and also some male) Barbadi
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―Where‘s Phil Mooney? Come alon
Page 75 and 76:
―So help me God, gemmen, you no g
Page 77 and 78:
5d. Density of dialect representati
Page 79 and 80:
Respelling hoow‟s; soond; mair; N
Page 81 and 82:
Female, domestic servant 5g. Consis
Page 83 and 84:
None noted Bullough Collection No.
Page 85 and 86:
5c. Dialect area represented Unspec
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North Carolina, United States 5d. D
Page 89 and 90:
5b.1 Orthography Transposition v an
Page 91 and 92:
5a. Sample of dialect "‖Hollooo o
Page 93 and 94:
Surtees himself came from landed ge
Page 95 and 96:
5b.3 Vocabulary Lexis low words 5c.
Page 97 and 98:
5f. Characteristics of dialect spea
Page 99 and 100:
Non standard concord was you Non st
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