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Using Remote Sensing, Ecological Ni
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DEDICATION This is dedicated to my
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Lastly, I would like to thank all o
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CHAPTER 4: RESULTS ................
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LIST OF FIGURES Figures Page 2.1 Kn
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AUC - Area Under the Curve LIST OF
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ABSTRACT USING REMOTE SENSING, ECOL
- Page 15 and 16: Keywords Rift Valley fever, risk as
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- Page 19 and 20: populations), human demographics an
- Page 21 and 22: The geographic distribution of pote
- Page 23 and 24: human and animal health, economic l
- Page 25 and 26: 1.8 ORGANIZATION OF DISSERTATION Th
- Page 27 and 28: (e.g., ether, chloroform), detergen
- Page 29 and 30: (Imam et al. 1979, Davies and Marti
- Page 31 and 32: have demonstrated that wild ruminan
- Page 33 and 34: flooding of grassland depressions c
- Page 35 and 36: and created mosquito breeding habit
- Page 37 and 38: may transmit the RVF virus mechanic
- Page 39 and 40: virus during inter-epizootic period
- Page 41 and 42: grown by nearly 9% per year (Tatem
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- Page 47 and 48: Environmental factors are directly
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- Page 51 and 52: GIS technology and RS data has been
- Page 53 and 54: NDVI is calculated as a normalized
- Page 55 and 56: In September 2006, the RVF forecast
- Page 57 and 58: In the U.S. RVF is not present and
- Page 59 and 60: changes in mosquito populations in
- Page 61 and 62: hosts that are widely dispersed thr
- Page 63 and 64: mountain range of the Appalachian M
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- Page 69 and 70: Table 3.2. Sources of Virginia mosq
- Page 71 and 72: Figure 3.3. Cattle Density in Virgi
- Page 73 and 74: Figure 3.6. 2006 Deer Abundance Est
- Page 75 and 76: Land-Cover Global land-cover data a
- Page 77 and 78: Figure 3.8. Virginia Land-cover Nor
- Page 79 and 80: Figure 3.9. June 2006 Normalized Di
- Page 81 and 82: Table 3.4. Worldclim interpolated c
- Page 83 and 84: 3.2.5 DATA PROCESSING All data sets
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- Page 87 and 88: for three regions of Virginia - Nor
- Page 89 and 90: Correlation analyses The Pearson‟
- Page 91 and 92: of maximum entropy (i.e., that is m
- Page 93 and 94: When test data are available, MaxEn
- Page 95 and 96: Algebra tool in the ArcGIS Spatial
- Page 97 and 98: CHAPTER 4. RESULTS 4.1 POTENTIAL RV
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- Page 101 and 102: Bioecology of Species Selected for
- Page 103 and 104: ditches, animal waste lagoons, and
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- Page 109 and 110: Table 4.5. Virginia competent vecto
- Page 111 and 112: Table 4.6. Virginia competent vecto
- Page 113 and 114: Table 4.7. Virginia competent vecto
- Page 115 and 116: 4.3 MOSQUITO DENSITY CORRELATIONS W
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102 Table 4.8. Mean and range of ea
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Regional graphical analyses In Figu
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Population Density (mean daily trap
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Population Density (mean daily trap
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Competent vector species were plott
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Population Density (mean daily trap
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Predictor correlation analyses Whil
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temperature of the coldest month (b
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data. Mosquito populations tend to
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120 Predictor Variable Northern Vir
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122 was 0.003. At this threshold, t
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124 The Jackknife test of variable
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126 4.5 RISK OF RVF ESTABLISHMENT A
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128 The weighted suitability modeli
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CHAPTER 5. DISCUSSION 5.1 ENVIRONME
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heavily on rainfall as do the predo
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5.2 ENVIRONMENTAL-CLIMATIC VARIABLE
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study; predicted suitable habitat w
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state. The high risk in this region
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The results of this study indicate
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It is recommended that species dive
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individually and over smaller time
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146 APPENDIX A: RVF COMPETENT VECTO
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148 Figure A.3. Ae. sollicitans dis
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150 Figure A.5. Ae. triseriatus dis
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152 Figure A.7. Cx. pipiens distrib
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154 Figure A.9. Cx. salinarius dist
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Desiccation - drying. Diapause - ph
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Larva - immature form of certain or
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Vector competence - the vector comp
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REFERENCES Ackerman GA, Giroux J. A
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Brown H, Duik-Wasser M, Andreadis T
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Diallo M, Nabeth P, Ba K, Sall AA,
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Glass GE, Cheek JE, Patz JA, Shield
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Komar O, Robbins MB, Klenk K, Blitv
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NASA Earth Observatory (EO) Measuri
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Phillips SJ, Dudík M, Schapire RE.
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Tatem AJ, Hay SI, Rogers DJ. Global
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WHO Disease Outbreak News [Internet