Healthcare Waste Report - Environment Health

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SEPA State Environment Protection Administration TIWR Toxic Industrial Waste Regulations TSA Transporters Service Agreement TWG Thematic Working Group TWGSHW Thematic Working Group on Solid and Hazardous Waste URENCO Urban Environemntal Companies WB World Bank WHO World Health Organization WMRAS Waste Management and Recycling Association of Singapore WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant YCDC Yangon City Development Committee x HEALTHCARE WASTE IN ASIA: INTUITIONS & INSIGHTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS i Forward // iii Preface // v Executive Summary // vii Acronyms & Abbreviations // xi Table of Contents // 1 Chapter 1: Introduction // 11 Chapter 2: Methodology // 17 Chapter 3: Country Reports: // 19 Cambodia // 25 China // 33 Indonesia // 37 Japan // 45 Lao PDR // 49 Malaysia // 57 Mongolia // 65 Myanmar // 71 Philippines // 79 Singapore // 87 Thailand // 93 Vietnam // 105 Chapter 4: Lessons learned // 123 Chapter 5: Recommendations // 135 References // 138 Technology Fact Sheets xi
Page 1 and 2: HEALTHCARE WASTE in asia INTUITIONS
Page 4 and 5: This is the second draft of the rep
Page 6 and 7: Markedly, this report a milestone p
Page 8 and 9: More importantly, no report, compre
Page 10 and 11: The Chapter on Global Experiences a
Page 12 and 13: EPBs European Polar Boards EPCA Env
Page 16: 1INTRODUCTION
Page 19 and 20: REGIONAL FORUM ON ENVIRONMENT AND H
Page 21 and 22: THEMATIC WORKING GROUP ON SOLID AND
Page 23 and 24: Commonly used HCW Symbols Caution S
Page 25 and 26: Points to Ponder for Safe Healthcar
Page 28 and 29: GENESIS OF THE REPORT This section
Page 30 and 31: Representative Departments to the 1
Page 32: 3COUNTRY ANALYSIS
Page 35 and 36: CAMBODIA 1 MANAGEMENT OF HEALTHCARE
Page 37 and 38: Treatment and Disposal Pit for disp
Page 39 and 40: POLICIES AND LEGISLATION With the o
Page 41 and 42: CHINA 2 MANAGEMENT OF HEALTHCARE WA
Page 43 and 44: In China, packaging bags and contai
Page 45 and 46: Institutional Setup Governing Healt
Page 47 and 48: Policies and Regulations Governing
Page 49 and 50: INDONESIA 3 Classification of Healt
Page 51 and 52: POLICIES AND LEGISLATION The missio
Page 53 and 54: JAPAN 4 MANAGEMENT OF HEALTHCARE WA
Page 55 and 56: Treatment and Disposal Hospitals an
Page 57 and 58: Local Government: Local governments
Page 59 and 60: POLICIES AND LEGISLATION The Waste
Page 61 and 62: LAOS 5 Composition of Healthcare Wa
Page 63 and 64: Healthcare Waste Management in Lao
Page 65 and 66:
MALAYSIA 6 MANAGEMENT OF HEALTHCARE
Page 67 and 68:
Treatment and Disposal All healthca
Page 69 and 70:
Institutional Setup Governing Healt
Page 71 and 72:
The Private Healthcare Facilities a
Page 73 and 74:
MONGOLIA 7 MANAGEMENT OF HEALTHCARE
Page 75 and 76:
Composition of Healthcare Waste in
Page 77 and 78:
Treatment and Disposal Most healthc
Page 79 and 80:
The Health Sector Master Plan Imple
Page 81 and 82:
MYANMAR 8 MANAGEMENT OF HEALTHCARE
Page 83 and 84:
INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS The Governme
Page 85 and 86:
INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL INITIATI
Page 87 and 88:
PHILIPPINES 9 There were about 70 h
Page 89 and 90:
Annual Profile of Hazardous and Hea
Page 91 and 92:
INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS The Joint Ad
Page 93 and 94:
POLICIES AND LEGISLATION RA 6969:
Page 95 and 96:
SINGAPORE 10 Hospital Care: Singapo
Page 97 and 98:
Pharmaceutical wastes are further c
Page 99 and 100:
top and middle: Transportation of h
Page 101 and 102:
POLICIES AND LEGISLATION The collec
Page 103 and 104:
THAILAND 11 MANAGEMENT OF HEALTHCAR
Page 105 and 106:
INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS Institutions
Page 107 and 108:
POLICIES AND LEGISLATION The princi
Page 109 and 110:
VIETNAM 12 Healthcare Facilities in
Page 111 and 112:
Composition of Healthcare Waste Gen
Page 113 and 114:
Healthcare Waste and Methods of Tre
Page 115 and 116:
Ministry of Science, Technology and
Page 117 and 118:
Description Guidelines on healthcar
Page 119 and 120:
Description/Project Information Dev
Page 122 and 123:
INTRODUCTION Procedures and systems
Page 124 and 125:
All waste generated in a healthcare
Page 126 and 127:
Health Risks from Healthcare Waste
Page 128 and 129:
Box below presents information on h
Page 130 and 131:
Italy An Italian Hospital located i
Page 132 and 133:
Bio Medical Waste (Management & Han
Page 134 and 135:
IFC REQUIREMENTS FOR HEALTHCARE PRO
Page 136 and 137:
Transport to External Facilities Tr
Page 138 and 139:
5RECOMMENDATIONS
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Guidelines for appropriate healthca
Page 142 and 143:
The proceeds from the sale of recyc
Page 144 and 145:
ROLE OF STAKEHOLDERS Managing the v
Page 146 and 147:
Stakeholder Group Role in Healthcar
Page 148 and 149:
Key Areas for Immediate Action BUDG
Page 150 and 151:
REFERENCES Appleton, J. and Ali, M.
Page 152 and 153:
SBC, (2003) Technical Guidelines on
Page 154 and 155:
INTRODUCTION In the early 1990s, wh
Page 156 and 157:
What are the other Steam Based Syst
Page 158 and 159:
Low-Heat Technologies MICROWAVE SYS
Page 160 and 161:
DRY HEATING What is a dry heating s
Page 162 and 163:
PYROLYSIS-OXIDATION What is a pyrol
Page 164 and 165:
IRRADIATION TECHNOLOGIES What is ir
Page 167 and 168:
Korea Healthcare Waste in Asia: Int
Page 169 and 170:
Healthcare Waste in Asia: Intuition
Page 172:
Alarming increases in resource cons
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