Healthcare Waste Report - Environment Health

Treatment and Disposal
All healthcare wastes are to be disposed by
incineration at the approved sites, regulated by
the DoE. There are 13 approved incinerators
in Malaysia which are regularly monitored by
the DoE. Three of them, located in Peninsular
Malaysia, are designed at a regional scale with
a minimum capacity of 250 kg/h. The Figure
below shows the location of incinerators in
Malaysia.
Location of Incinerators in Malaysia
P. Langkawi
50kg/h
P. Langkawi Kamunting
350kg/h
Teluk Panglima Galang
500kg/h
Bukit Rambai
250kg/h Sau
200kg/h
Generally two types of incinerators are used,
double chamber and rotary. Double chamber
incinerators have been found to be more
efficient and effective in treating healthcare
waste compared to the rotary incinerator. Flue
gas emissions are measured at regular intervals
and are submitted and verified by the DoE
before the annual renewal of the license. Ash
is sent to landfill for disposal.
Hazardous chemical waste is separately
collected and sent to a designated disposal
facility owned by a government listed
company, under the purview of the DoE.
CHAPTER 3_COUNTRY ANALYSIS
Hospital radioactive waste is primarily
generated from two sources, unsealed and
sealed sources. The unsealed source is
normally short-lived and is in the form of
liquid radionuclide used on patients with
dosage not more than 30 mCi (milliCurie).
Treated patients are to be placed in a special
ward and all the used radio-pharmaceutical
discharges are to be drained to a special delay
tank for a period of a tenth of half-life, before
finally being discharged into the sewer. Waste
from sealed sources is to be sent back to the
country of origin or to an approved disposal
site. Monitoring of this waste is carried out by
hospital staff with nuclear medical facility.
Daro
20kg/h
Sibu
200kg/h
Labuan
50kg/h
Miri
50kg/h
Marudi
20kg/h
Kapit
20kg/h
Limbang
20kg/h
Bukit Padang
200kg/h
Sipitang
20kg/h
Kota Kitanabangan
200kg/h
The general or solid waste is to be collected by
the contractor daily from the storage bins in
the hospitals and sent for final disposal.
General waste collection is under the
responsibility of the Department of National
Solid Waste Management.
The handling fees for healthcare waste from
source to disposal site vary from 0.61 USD
(RM 2) to 1.84 USD (RM 6) per kg. For other
hazardous waste, the service fee rates are
divided into service rates for treatment and
disposal varying from 245 USD (RM 800) to
1225 USD (RM 4000) per tonne and for
packaging and transportation varying from 20
USD (RM 66) to 70 USD (RM 230) per tonne.
52
MALAYSIA