Intelligent Transport Systems - Telenor

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Ingunn Yssen, Senior Gender Adviser, BDT 150 offices. Committee 6 did consider the need for an equivalent of 12 P3 staff (4 for the Africa Region and two for each of the other Regions) to cover professional and support staff requirement in the Financial Plan for 2004–2007, but this was for budget evaluation purposes only, and when we consider all the reductions (also in number of staff) necessary for balancing the final Financial Plan, it may seem difficult for ITU-D to carry through the measures needed for expanding and empowering the regional and area offices, at least in the coming four-year period. 5.16 Radio Regulations Board (RRB) The RRB consists of 12 elected members that fulfil the requirements of their positions on a part-time basis. The Board’s main task is to approve Rules of Procedure, which include technical criteria, in accordance with the Radio Regulations and with any decision which may be taken by competent radiocommunication conferences. The Rules of Procedure shall be used by the Director and the Radiocommunication Bureau (BR) in the application of the Radio Regulations to register frequency assignments made by Member States. PP-02 added a new task to those already performed by the RRB. At the request of one or more of the interested Administrations, it shall, independently of the BR, consider appeals against decisions made by the BR regarding frequency assignments. There was a long debate whether the RRB members should continue to work on a part-time basis, and whether they should be granted the same privileges and immunities as the elected officials. PP-02 finally decided that RRB members shall, while in the exercise of their duties for the Union, or while on mission for the Union, enjoy functional privileges and immunities equivalent to those granted to ITU’s elected officials. They shall continue to perform their duties on a part-time basis. Several RRB members have complained that they lack adequate logistical support for the performance of their duties. PP-02 therefore urged each Member State nominating a member of the RRB to provide the necessary logistical support, such as computer hardware and software, to the member of the RRB it has nominated, except that, in the case of developing countries where such logistical support is not available from Member States, it shall be provided by the Union. Further, all Member States were called upon to provide all necessary assistance and support to the members of the RRB individually, and the Board as a whole, in carrying out their functions, and the Secretary-General was instructed to make available the necessary facilities and resources for the members of the RRB in conducting their meetings. 5.17 Gender Mainstreaming in ITU The initiative to introduce gender perspective as a new element in activities of the ITU, was taken by the Development Sector (ITU-D) at the World Telecommunication Development Conference (WTDC) in Valletta, 1998. PP-98 (Minneapolis) followed up this initiative by resolving to establish a task force on gender issues (TFGI). PP-98 also decided to incorporate a gender perspective in the implementation of all programmes and plans of ITU. WTDC-02 (Istanbul) decided to convert the TFGI into a permanent Working Group on Gender Issues, still in the ITU-D. PP-02, in endorsing WTDC-02 Resolution 44 on mainstreaming gender in ITU-D programmes, decided that this should be done with regard to all ITU activities. It was further resolved to continue the work being done in BDT to mainstream and advance the gender perspective through ICT programmes that improve the socio-economic conditions for women, particularly in developing countries. High priority shall be given to the incorporation of gender policies in the management, staffing and operation of ITU and a gender perspective shall be incorporated in the implementation of the ITU strategic and financial plan for 2004–2007 as well as in the operational plans of the three Sectors and the General Secretariat. Norway had taken an initiative early in 2002 to provide a Senior Gender Adviser to the BDT in an effort to assist ITU in carrying out its mandate for gender mainstreaming in ITU-D. Ms Ingunn Yssen, ex-director of the Norwegian centre for gender equality, was appointed to this post and started working for BDT on 1 September 2002. In addition, it was proposed that a gender unit should be created in the General Secretariat with senior full-time professional gender expertise and full-time administrative support. Although most delegations were favourable in principle to the establishment of such a unit, many were of the opinion that close consideration had to be given to the state of the Union’s finances before a unit was created. The agreed Telektronikk 1.2003
text in the final version of the relevant resolution is “to consider creating, within the available financial resources, a gender unit in the ITU General Secretariat”. Keeping in mind the reductions that had to be made to balance the budget, there is probably no chance that such a unit will be established in the coming four-year period. PP-02 also encouraged all Member States and Sector Members to facilitate the employment of women and men equally in the telecommunication field including at senior levels of responsibility in the telecommunication administrations, government and regulatory bodies and intergovernmental organisations and in the private sector. Administrations were invited to give equal opportunities to male and female candidatures for elected official posts and for membership of the RRB. During the PP a special session on Gender Issues was organized under the chairmanship of Ms Eva Hildrum, Norway. The event was addressed by HE Mr. Nasr Hajji, Morocco, Chairman of the conference, who showed a particular interest for these issues. Other panellists were Ms Iris- Marie Struiken-Wijdenbosch of Surinam and Ms Ingunn Yssen, the newly appointed BDT Senior Gender Adviser. 5.18 Special Measures Concerning Alternative Calling Procedures on International Telecommunication Networks This issue was on the agenda already at the PP- 94 in Kyoto, and the discussions resulted in Resolution 21 which was revised and re-issued by PP-98, Minneapolis, and which urged Member States to cooperate among themselves to resolve difficulties in order to ensure that national laws and regulations of ITU Member States are respected. The reason for this issue being still on the agenda of the PP, is that many developing countries fear that the use of alternative calling procedures (including call-back and refile) may adversely affect their economies and may seriously hamper the efforts they make to ensure the sound development of their telecommunication networks and services. Consequently, as at October 2002, 106 Member States had notified the Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB) that call-back is prohibited on their territory. ITU-T SG 2 has also concluded that certain alternative calling procedures such as constant calling (or bombardment or polling) and answer suppression seriously degrade the quality and the performance of the PSTN. On the other hand, it is acknowledged that, in some cases, the use of alternative calling proce- Telektronikk 1.2003 dures may contribute to competition in the interest of consumers. The result of the discussions at PP-02 was a revised Resolution 21 which resolved to encourage administrations and international telecommunications operators to implement the relevant ITU-T Recommendations in order to limit the negative effects that, in some cases, alternative calling procedures have on developing countries. Further, administrations and international operators which permit the use of alternative calling procedures on their territory in accordance with their national regulations, are requested to pay due regard to the decisions of other administrations and international operators whose regulations do not permit such services 5.19 Support for Regional Initiatives Through two resolutions PP-02 expressed its wholehearted support for two regional initiatives • the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD); and • the Agenda for Connectivity in the Americas and Quito Action Plan. 5.19.1 NEPAD NEPAD is a new African initiative where African leaders make a commitment to eradicate poverty in the continent and to place African countries, both individually and collectively, on a path of sustainable growth and to accelerate the integration of the African continent into the global economy. NEPAD is a comprehensive integrated development plan that addresses key social, economic and political priorities in a coherent and balanced manner. It has been endorsed widely by global and regional organisations, including the United Nations, the World Bank and the European Union. In the infrastructure area, one of the goals of NEPAD is to bridge the digital divide through heavy investments in ICTs. This has been endorsed by WTDC-02, Istanbul, which stressed the need to support regional ICTs for development initiatives, such as NEPAD and the Connectivity Agenda initiative of Latin America. PP-02 instructed the BDT Director to pay particular attention to implementation of the provisions of the ITU-D Action Plan relating to support for NEPAD, earmarking resources so that this can be permanently monitored. It further requested the Secretary-General to release appropriate financial resources for activities to support NEPAD, in particular from the surplus on ITU world telecommunication exhibitions and forums (TELECOM). 151
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Telektronikk Volume 99 No. 1 - 2003
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Jan A Audestad (61) is Senior Advis
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Figure 1 Example of MEMS 4 Therefor
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6 Sensor Figure 3 Road with electro
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8 Token to be trusted TTP operator
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10 Road telematics also represents
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Figure 1 Mainstream taxonomy of ITS
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14 may be fields where absolute con
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Figure 2 Development of passengers
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18 presently being ported. (The way
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20 tion, including intermodal and m
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Table 1 European Architecture Proje
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CALM system Management Entity (CME)
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Figure 5 ITS vehicle - Infrastructu
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Tore Arthur Worren (53) graduated f
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Tore Urnes (34) is Senior Research
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32 traffic (e.g. due to an accident
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34 prior to designing and deploying
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Haruo Ozaki (44) is an associate pr
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Number of subscriber 38 80 70 60 50
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40 References 1 VICS Center. Februa
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42 yourself!” were commonplace un
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44 and dedicated terminals for MOBI
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46 Map info registration Road datab
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Figure 4 Yellow pages with travel p
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50 streamline the entry, maintenanc
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Figure 7 Travel information site wi
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56 ticular regard to movement and v
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58 wide TETRA closed mobile radio n
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Figure 1 A user informing other use
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62 Initiator Edit group list Peer g
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Figure 13 Overview of class diagram
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Figure 18 State diagram for ITSClie
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Figure 23 Sequence diagram for addi
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70 :ITSClient :NetworkClient :Datab
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72 Scenario 1: Jane travels through
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Nina Myren (37) is studying Media S
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Figure 3 Example of architecture 76
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Hilde Lovett (38) is Senior Researc
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Figure 2 Toys illustrating a stress
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82 2 “Safety and efficiency in th
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Nina Myren (37) is studying Media S
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86 of interest, stores and places a
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88 oping the service with regard to
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Einar Flydal (53) is Senior Adviser
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Table 1 European cities with census
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94 tion at peak periods have shown
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Table 2 Financial and economic comp
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Figure 5 Vehicle on Cardiff test tr
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Page 118 and 119: 116 11 Irving, J H et al. Fundament
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Page 126 and 127: Figure 1 Network configuration Figu
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Intelligent Transport Systems - Telenor

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