Intelligent Transport Systems - Telenor

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56 ticular regard to movement and vision disabilities; • Piloting of Sm@rt.Funk services on the web over fixed access as well as the mobile Internet. So far, the projects have not resulted in any applications in full operations. However, they have created new knowledge and understanding of the possibilities of using ICT to include, not to exclude, the handicapped. The Sm@rt.Funk project has also brought together people who might carry on the continuous process of keeping society accessible also for the disabled, and has brought forward ideas on several new applications and further development projects. Next Step in Geographical Info Integration: Real Time Integration with Map Data In further development work now taking place in several units in Telenor, work is carried out to integrate real time data, e.g. a friend’s position, with more static map data, and even in combination with spontaneous networking. It has been reported in the newspapers that the most recent US tank units use such technologies to “see” each other’s vehicles and to coordinate operations even at zero visibility. As such technologies get commonplace and cheap, they will pave the way for a range of applications where real time movements can be integrated with more static information: Moving cars – or parcels – can be followed on maps, not just on a radar screen or when passing electronic gates. The escaped pet dogs’ movements could be traced relative to POIs and static map data. Criminals could be watched, but also become watchers themselves. Finally, “electronic herding” may become a new phenomenon to get used to, even within the urban context. In the Telenor R&D labs, experiments with such applications are at present going on, not least connected to spontaneous peer-to-peer networking technologies. A Different Order of Magnitude: The ITS Stories We Tend to Forget “Because it isn’t Telecom” In the previous sections of this paper, we have by and large traced a development starting in the Radio systems department of the old telecom administration into ever more sofisticated information handling for distribution via earth based radio network services (mostly mobile GSM, but increasingly WLAN) to – and from – mobile units. As far as related to traffic, fleet management, etc, such systems may be subsumed under the fashion term of “ITS”. In volumes, this development has not resulted in important visible income contributions on the Telenor balance sheet. However, as we have argued, they may be more than justified by their gains for society, as well as by their positive effects on network traffic. Being close to the telco core technologies, and easily identifiable to any consumer used to a mobile handset, to private cars, maps, and public info services, it is not astonishing that the field described is what has got most attention in the general media as well as in everyday life of the telco: We understand it because these solutions are visible in everyday life, and we understand how income is – or is not – created. However, there are also other stories that should be told if Telenor’s engagements within the fields of IT supported traffic handling should be described; e.g. stories about ship navigation systems made possible through an early Telenor engagement in satellite systems. Newspapers were at the time filled with the wonders of what the new technologies – integrating satellite radio communication, earth based telecom, and computer networking – could do for the ship, the seafarers, the owners, the passengers, etc. Is that not ITS? Or stories about Telenor engagements in sensoring systems for airbags and tyre air pressure – is that not ITS? We shall round up this walk through of ITS in Telenor with describing briefly what is at present in our understanding the most important such story that we telco people tend to forget – because “in a way it isn’t telecom”: It is the story about the evolvement of professional mobile radio networking within professional fleet management, and its present merger with modern info management. The company in charge of this field within the Telenor corporation is Telenor Connect. Professional Mobile Radio and Modern Info Management – Telenor Connect As the company Transport Telematikk and its derivatives within geographical information systems may be said to constitute a development branch from the early Radio Systems department’s engagement in MOBITEX (see above), Telenor Connect may be seen as the result of a different development branch: professional mobile radio systems. The professional mobile radio people constituted a more network and hardware oriented culture. Theirs was the field of the public services which could not be adequately served by the public mobile and fixed telecom networks: emergency services like fire brigades, police and health ser- Telektronikk 1.2003
vices, and transportation systems in tunnels, underground, or out of reach of fixed lines, NMT and GSM. In the days of monopoly, it had been the responsability of the Televerket to serve alarm centers with the telecom and radio services needed (as well as the systems for emergency phone numbers). Such responsibilities were not a question of costs, but of societal role and the obligations of the state institution. Important for society as they surely were, such activities nevertheless were “hidden in a corner”, and seemed even more marginal and costly in the new mindset of competitive business. Within these fields there were much to do: Through large scale R&D in the health sector within which Televerket played a central part, one had seen the possible gains for the public health sector by the use of ICT and started a long term reorganisation. One had now seen similar possibilities for better service creation through ITS systems coming up, and numerous initiatives were taken to duplicate the process started within public health. The ITS projects mentioned were parts of such efforts, resulting e.g. in applications for the management of ambulances, fire brigades, etc. (Figure 9). The huge potential was thought to be found in better communication between command centers and mobile units on emergency missions, in better integration of information from the various administrative units, in better presentation, e.g. as dynamic POI on maps, and – not least – in better coordination between the emergency services mentioned. It seemed clear in the early 1990s that the country was heading towards a thorough reorganisastion of the structures as well as the support systems within emergency services. In a competitive market such obligations, with their organization, routines and mindsets, were slowly to be transformed to suit the role of a player in a competitive market, though under special regulation. Both Televerket and the public institutions were bewildered in their new roles and the process took its time – with large reforms in the organisation of emergency centers and their ICT systems in limbo. After the Telenor mobile telephony business streamlined its activities in 1999, activities related to professional mobile radio communications – within closed as well as licensed radio networks – gradually became collected and organized as a separate business. Over the years this unit, that was to become Telenor Connect in 2002, had aquired radio network and equipment expertise from the remainder of pioneering industries within the field, among others whole or parts of the Norwegian companies Lemkuhl, Telektronikk 1.2003 Command center In-Vehicle • Identification of caller’s location • Job orders and other messages • Map and POI, e.g. water supply pipes • Map with display of own position and job location • Search on address or location name • Transmission of status messages • Shows objects and events • Transmission of position to command center • Communication with vehicle and • Alarms order transfer • Vehicle position and status display • Time registration • Integration with administrative software EB, Nera, HydroSystems, as well as the Swedish Ericsson Public Safety AB (2000) and the Danish Infocom ITS (2001), the latter a specialist in management and information systems for bus fleets. Telenor Connect thus became the Telenor specialized body for the fields of • Information and management systems related to Public Safety fleet management, integrated with alarm centers and control rooms and invehicle equipment; • Information and management systems related to public transport, including fleet management, traffic info to travellers, ticketing, etc.; • Closed licensed radio networks – from tunnel size to countrywide – and interactions with public broadcast, mobile and fixed line teleand datacom networks. Accordingly, the business areas are divided into transportation communication (TransCom), public safety (Public Safety), railroad communication (RailCom), communication systems for tunnels – like safety radios and FM public broadcast (TunnelCom), and communication systems for waterworks and energy utilities (HydroCom). Telenor Connect counts at present around 150 employees with activities in the Scandinavian countries and England. In Norway, Telenor Connect is at present closely involved in a few large ITS system developments, of which we shall just mention a re-organisation of public safety – with a reduction from the present 350 command centers to a handful. The project includes a country Figure 9 Example of ELVEG application for fire brigades 57
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Telektronikk Volume 99 No. 1 - 2003
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Jan A Audestad (61) is Senior Advis
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Figure 1 Example of MEMS 4 Therefor
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Page 14 and 15: Figure 1 Mainstream taxonomy of ITS
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Page 24 and 25: Table 1 European Architecture Proje
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Page 28 and 29: Figure 5 ITS vehicle - Infrastructu
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Page 42 and 43: 40 References 1 VICS Center. Februa
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Page 62 and 63: Figure 1 A user informing other use
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Page 66 and 67: Figure 13 Overview of class diagram
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Figure 6 Some examples from the dev
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112 not yet available, it is comman
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118 on IP technology and implemente
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120 Conclusion The “circuit switc
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122 Telektronikk 1.2003
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Figure 1 Network configuration Figu
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Figure 5 Interconnection of network
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128 • Smart dust about one cubic
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3) The invariant part of the virus
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Figure 6 Access control 132 Initiat
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134 In order to obtain a high level
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Einar Utvik (62) worked in Televerk
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140 Norwegian delegation to PP-02 M
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Elected Council members Elected Cou
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144 four-year period in the context
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146 an active role to play in coord
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Ingunn Yssen, Senior Gender Adviser
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152 5.19.2 Agenda for Connectivity
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156 MEMS Micro-Electromechanical Sy
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158 LRT Light Rail Transit Light Ra
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