IATP Hog Report - Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy

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Section 5 In the settlement, EnviroPork agreed to pay $25,000 over three years to the University of North Dakota Energy and Environmental Resources Center for research into new ways to reduce odor levels below legal limits. 16 The head of EnviroPork claimed victory, expressing satisfaction with the settlement. Vogel asserted that the Health Department led a fight in the legislature to weaken state odor laws to accommodate EnviroPork. 17 She commented further: 18 The message the Health Department is sending is that people can violate the law until you get caught and then any fine will be suspended and all you have to do is what you should have been doing in the first place.You win a case and then they change the law. It's not a fair fight. It's citizens against big corporations. Exemptions from Local Zoning In eight states, animal factories and/or land applications of manure are exempted from local zoning authority. 19 In ten states, local authority to regulate animal factories is restricted or preempted. Some state laws also contain loopholes that allow certain large corporate farms to qualify as family farms, which may be immune to nuisance suits or certain regulations. In Kansas, counties are allowed to exclude corporate animal factories from operating within their borders. Hodgeman County, Kansas, voted in a public referendum to ban corporate hog farms. 20 Shortly after the referendum, Murphy Family Farms announced it would construct an 11,000-sow operation there and the Kansas governor issued a permit for the operation. Murphy contended that it was not subject to the exclusion because it was a family farm. Families Against Corporate Takeovers (FACT) tried to prevent Murphy Family Farms from entering the county. Following the low prices of 1998, however, Murphy postponed plans for construction. Later, Murphy Family Farms was purchased by Smithfield Foods, which does not meet the definition of a family farm. County and town or township governments in 21 and eight states, respectively, are involved in administration and enforcement of laws. 21 Twenty-two states require local agency approval. Local jurisdictions in 16 states passed new ordinances or have policies regarding animal factories. Concerning local control, rural sociologist Doug Constance has said: "Of course, firms don't want it. Firms want the widest geographical area with the same regulations so they can plansystematically their expansion." 22 http://www.iatp.org/hogreport/sec5.html (5 of 38)2/27/2006 3:50:13 AM
Section 5 Pollution Shopping by Corporate Interests Animal factories engage in a form of "pollution shopping" by locating in communities or other geographical areas where few regulations exist that could impede their growth or where few people live who could mount strong opposition. Corporate hog factory owners often target communities where a high percentage of residents are impoverished, disenfranchised, unorganized, and underemployed or unemployed, ensuring little or ineffective opposition. When people of color populate these communities, this form of pollution shopping has been termed "environmental racism" and is a matter of great concern to environmental justice organizations. 23 According to activist Gary Grant of Halifax Environmental Loss Prevention, Halifax County, North Carolina, there are 100 counties in North Carolina, of which fifteen are the top hog-producing counties. 24 Fourteen out of the fifteen rank in the bottom 50% of North Carolina's state family income ranking. Thirteen out of the 15 have a 25% or higher African-American poverty rate. In Grant's words, "the corporate hog industry is not an example of economic development but rather another example of under development, just like the other unskilled, low-wage hazardous industries such as sewing factories, textile mills, and poultry processing plants." 25 It is commonly heard that if hog factories are not allowed to operate without restrictions in the United States, the hog industry will move to other countries. Hog factory supporters have used this claim to gain the public's support for their opposition to regulations on hog factory location and practices. Speaking of the expansion of Virginia-based Smithfield Foods outside U.S. borders, their chairman and CEO Joe Luter claimed, "the current hostility from interest groups in this country has made other parts of the world look good to us." 26 However, corporate hog factories are moving to other countries even though areas remain in the United States that are favorable to their expansion here. Carroll's Foods, Inc., was the first corporate hog producer to operate factory hog operations outside the United States with two operations in Brazil. 27 Carroll's also has a 1,300-sow hog factory outside the village of Perote near Mexico's Gulf Coast, about 150 miles east of Mexico City. Smithfield Foods, Inc., owns Carroll's. Smithfield Foods, Inc., has a 50% ownership interest in a Mexican meat http://www.iatp.org/hogreport/sec5.html (6 of 38)2/27/2006 3:50:13 AM
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IATP Hog Report http://www.iatp.org
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Table of Contents Marlene Halverson
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Section 0 The choice as to whether
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Section 0 massive quantities of gro
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Section 0 quantities far exceeding
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Section 0 hog factories avoid the e
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Section 0 Alternatively, we can try
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Section 1 I. Are Independent Farmer
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Section 1 programs were put in plac
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Section 1 and consolidating their o
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Section 1 Farm Credit [Service] is
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Section 1 results despite a $58.6 m
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Section 1 sell on the spot or cash
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Section 1 costs to ignoring the fac
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Section 1 Rationale: Independent ho
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Section 1 animals and definition of
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Section 1 Agriculture. 16 U.S. Depa
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Section 1 46-47 Ostmeyer, A. (1999,
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Section 1 77 Thornsbury, S., Kambha
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Section 2 Safety Some Strategies an
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Section 2 oxygen for complete fuel
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Section 2 cure bacterial diseases b
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Section 2 reach humans, including:
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Section 2 microorganisms in the env
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Section 2 bacteria, but it saw no r
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Section 2 use of penicillin and tet
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Section 2 few problems adjusting. M
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Section 2 The Swedish thus regard i
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Section 2 marketed, discounted to t
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Section 2 destroyed, leaving behind
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Section 2 and practices that make a
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Section 2 of Minnesota, Biosystems
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Section 2 41 Backström, L. (1999,
Page 67 and 68: Section 2 Washington, DC: National
Page 69 and 70: Section 2 96-98 National Research C
Page 71 and 72: Section 2 SOU 1997:132 Del 2 (pdf-f
Page 73 and 74: Section 2 147 Ault, D. (1994). A ge
Page 75 and 76: Section 2 169 Ibid. 170 Ibid. http:
Page 77 and 78: Section 3 Receiving minimal day-to-
Page 79 and 80: Section 3 Hog Factory Impacts on Gr
Page 81 and 82: Section 3 In 1998, the U.S. Geologi
Page 83 and 84: Section 3 and creating setback dist
Page 85 and 86: Section 3 of nutrients in the Bay c
Page 87 and 88: Section 3 that lagoons begin to lea
Page 89 and 90: Section 3 native organic matter poo
Page 91 and 92: Section 3 Help preserve local contr
Page 93 and 94: Section 3 25 Ritter, W.F. & Chirnsi
Page 95 and 96: Section 3 American Prospect online,
Page 97 and 98: Section 3 68 Understanding the Poll
Page 99 and 100: Section 4 IV. Part of the Pig Reall
Page 101 and 102: Section 4 centuries. In 1713, an It
Page 103 and 104: Section 4 and 44 control participan
Page 105 and 106: Section 4 out carbon dioxide. Plant
Page 107 and 108: Section 4 additional systems in the
Page 109 and 110: Section 4 pollution-reducing option
Page 111 and 112: Section 4 18 Robbin Marks, Natural
Page 113 and 114: Section 4 59-61 Bird, E. and Strang
Page 115 and 116: Section 5 made up of the trust and
Page 117: Section 5 designation" for their pr
Page 121 and 122: Section 5 environmental laws, and a
Page 123 and 124: Section 5 alternatives to the propo
Page 125 and 126: Section 5 Corporate farm operations
Page 127 and 128: Section 5 The EPA further concluded
Page 129 and 130: Section 5 ❍ an investigation of t
Page 131 and 132: Section 5 decision by Judge Kornman
Page 133 and 134: Section 5 and other training for it
Page 135 and 136: Section 5 grounds that it was a pub
Page 137 and 138: Section 5 · Operating a facility h
Page 139 and 140: Section 5 portions of an industrial
Page 141 and 142: Section 5 practices that favor the
Page 143 and 144: Section 5 investors in animal facto
Page 145 and 146: Section 5 Health Department. Herald
Page 147 and 148: Section 5 55 RESPEC. (1998, August)
Page 149 and 150: Section 5 to Eric Nixon, regarding
Page 151 and 152: Section 5 126 Ozark Sierra Club. (2
Page 153 and 154: Section 6 | Next Section | | Table
Page 155 and 156: Section 6 about the effects of inte
Page 157 and 158: Section 6 Today, there is a special
Page 159 and 160: Section 6 persist in milk and some
Page 161 and 162: Section 6 In some of the largest ho
Page 163 and 164: Section 6 Population density inside
Page 165 and 166: Section 6 widespread abuses of anim
Page 167 and 168: Section 6 Weaning pigs when they ar
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Section 6 Ironically, the creation
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Section 6 compatible alternatives t
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Section 6 Office. 13 Dawkins, M.S.
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Section 6 37 Broom, D.M., Dantzer,
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Section 6 IPVS Special Report. B Ph
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Section 6 Obstacles and opportuniti
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Section 6 http://www.iatp.org/hogre
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Section 7 The Campaign for Family F
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Section 7 struggle to compete with
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Section 7 The South Carolina Coasta
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Section 7 groups can litigate again
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Section 7 Clean Water Fund has been
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Section 7 sustainable production me
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Section 8 VIII. Funder to Funder Su
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Section 8 report presents strong ev
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Section 9 no unwarrantably limit th
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Contacts Contacts Alabama Arkansas
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Contacts Georgia Daphne Walker Ohoo
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Contacts Teresa Opheim Iowa Environ
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Contacts Dave Dempsey Michigan Envi
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Contacts Montana Jim Jensen Montana
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Contacts Mark Trechock Dakota Resou
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Contacts Bill Berry Concerned Citiz
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Contacts John H. Davidson Midwest A
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Contacts Larry Barker Buckingham Ci
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Contacts Dan Heilig Wyoming Outdoor
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Contacts Rob Perks/Todd Robins Publ
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Funders Mary Stake Hawker, Director
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Funders Vic DeLuca Jessie Smith Noy
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Photo Galleries People Back to Main
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disease Photo Gallery: Disease Back
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Flooding Photo Gallery: Flooding Ba
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Cartoons Cartoons Back to Main Page
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cartoon1 Previous / Next Index Page
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cartoon11 Previous / Next Index Pag
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cartoon13 Previous / Next Index Pag
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cartoon9 Previous Index Page http:/
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