IATP Hog Report - Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy
IATP Hog Report - Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy
IATP Hog Report - Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy
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Section 2<br />
<strong>and</strong> practices that make animal production stressful to the animals<br />
<strong>and</strong> make industrialization of animal agriculture possible <strong>and</strong> feedadditive<br />
antibiotic use necessary. Such practices <strong>and</strong> methods<br />
include gestation crates <strong>and</strong> tie stalls <strong>for</strong> sows <strong>and</strong> boars, slotted<br />
floors, small space allowances, tail docking of pigs <strong>and</strong> dairy<br />
cows, battery cages <strong>for</strong> laying hens <strong>and</strong> beak trimming of laying<br />
hens <strong>and</strong> broiler chickens, <strong>and</strong> liquid manure h<strong>and</strong>ling.<br />
8. Identify <strong>and</strong> tap markets <strong>for</strong> meat, dairy, <strong>and</strong> poultry products that<br />
were produced without antibiotic feed additives <strong>and</strong> other growth<br />
promoters. Link humane, sustainable farmers to these markets.<br />
9. Help fund the transition <strong>for</strong> independent farmers who are seeking<br />
to make the switch from conventional to organic meat production.<br />
Rationale: Considerable trial <strong>and</strong> error may be required <strong>for</strong><br />
individual farmers, depending on their current production<br />
practices, to make the transition to raising animals according to<br />
organic st<strong>and</strong>ards. Not every farmer can af<strong>for</strong>d to absorb costs<br />
associated with the learning curve. Technical assistance <strong>and</strong> some<br />
financial support will make their transition easier, while promoting<br />
environmentally <strong>and</strong> socially desirable practices.<br />
10. Support <strong>for</strong>mation of coalitions among the various citizen<br />
organizations representing interested constituencies –<br />
environmental, public interest science, food safety, animal welfare,<br />
family farmer, <strong>and</strong> public health groups – to accomplish the above<br />
objectives.<br />
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References<br />
1 Schiffman, S. (1999). Unpublished manuscript. Durham, NC: Duke<br />
University School of Medicine.<br />
2 Fulhage, C.D. (1993). Gases <strong>and</strong> odors from swine wastes. Publication<br />
G01880. Columbia: University of Missouri.<br />
3 Donham, K. J., Knapp, L.W., Monson, R., & Gustafson, K. (1982).<br />
Acute toxic exposure to gases from liquid manure. Journal of<br />
Occupational Medicine, 24 (2), 142-145.<br />
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